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This study asked whether exogenous melatonin administration could reverse the effects of dim light at night on sleep and metabolism in a diurnal songbird. To answer this, three groups of zebra finches (Taeniopygia guttata) of both sexes (n=6\/group\/sex) hatched and raised in our indoor aviary were used. While one group remained on the dark night (LD control; 12\u00a0h light:12\u00a0h dark, light 150\u00a0lx, dark 0\u00a0lx), as before, for the other two groups the 12\u00a0h dark night was replaced with 5\u00a0lx (equivalent to 0.048\u2005W\u2005m\u22122) dim light (dLAN treatment; 12\u00a0h light:12\u00a0h dLAN). Half an hour before dark onset, consecutively for the next 11\u2005days, the birds of one dLAN group received subcutaneous injections of melatonin (10\u2005\u03bcg\u00a0100\u2005\u03bcl\u22121 vehicle), while those of the other dLAN group and the LD group (controls) received 100\u2005\u03bcl vehicle alone. Exogenous melatonin mitigated dLAN-induced disruptive effects on both nocturnal sleep and metabolism. As compared with the LD and vehicle-treated control birds, melatonin-treated birds showed a significantly reduced nocturnal sleep frequency (fewer awakenings) and longer sleep bout as well as reduced night-time feeding and body fattening, and restoration of normal hepatic expression of genes associated with glucose and lipid metabolism. In particular, the elevated melatonin levels prevented the midnight increase in expression of g6pc, irs1, fasn, star and egr1, and augmented the sirt1 mRNA levels under the dLAN environment. These results suggest that nocturnal melatonin levels are a crucial component of the regulatory pathways underlying nocturnal sleep and metabolism, independent of sex, in a diurnal songbird species.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.252506","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]],"date-time":"2026-07-28T07:09:07Z","timestamp":1785222547000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Exogenous evening melatonin mitigates the negative impact of night-time light pollution on sleep and metabolism in both sexes of diurnal zebra finches"],"prefix":"10.1242","volume":"229","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5623-2471","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amaan","family":"Buniyaadi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Delhi 1 Department of Zoology , , Delhi 110007 ,","place":["India"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9168-6882","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ashwani","family":"Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"C.C.S. University Meerut 2 Department of Zoology , , Meerut 250004 ,","place":["India"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3847-2607","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sanjay Kumar","family":"Bhardwaj","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"C.C.S. University Meerut 2 Department of Zoology , , Meerut 250004 ,","place":["India"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0523-8689","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vinod","family":"Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Delhi 1 Department of Zoology , , Delhi 110007 ,","place":["India"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"237","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026082105392516200_JEB252506C1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2014.05.005","article-title":"A link between hepatic glucose production and peripheral energy metabolism via hepatokines","volume":"3","author":"Abdul-Wahed","year":"2014","journal-title":"Mol. 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