{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,22]],"date-time":"2025-10-22T10:44:22Z","timestamp":1761129862490,"version":"3.30.2"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"The Company of Biologists","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1992,12,1]],"date-time":"1992-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":723168000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.biologists.com\/user-licence-1-1\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1992,12,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>MK is a gene encoding a secreted heparin-binding polypeptide originally isolated by differential screening for genes induced by retinoic acid (RA) in HM-1 embryonal carcinoma cells. Here we report that MK is expressed at high levels in both embryonal carcinoma and pluripotential embryonic stem cells and their dif-ferentiated derivatives. MK expression in these cell types is unaffected by the presence or absence of RA. Recombinant MK protein (rMK) was produced by tran-sient expression in COS cells and purified by heparin affinity chromatography. rMK is a weak mitogen for 10T1\/2 fibroblast cells but inactive as a mitogen for Swiss 3T3 fibroblasts. rMK is a potent mitogen for neurectodermal precursor cell types generated by treat-ment of 1009 EC cells with RA but has no mitogenic or neurotrophic effects on more mature 1009-derived neuronal cell types. rMK is active as an in vitro neu-rotrophic factor for E12 chick sympathetic neurons and its activity is markedly potentiated by binding the factor to tissue-culture plastic in the presence of heparin. Stable 10T1\/2 cells lines have been established which express MK. These cells do not exhibit any overt evidence of cell transformation but extracellular matrix preparations derived from these cells are a potent source of MK biological actvity. It is concluded that MK is a multifunctional neuroregulatory molecule whose biological activity depends upon association with com-ponents of the extracellular matrix.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.116.4.1175","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,26]],"date-time":"2021-04-26T01:13:23Z","timestamp":1619399603000},"page":"1175-1183","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":50,"title":["MK: a pluripotential embryonic stem-cell-derived neuroregulatory factor"],"prefix":"10.1242","volume":"116","author":[{"given":"Victor","family":"Nurcombe","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Melbourne 2 Department of Anatomy , , Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia"}]},{"given":"Neil","family":"Fraser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Oxford, South Parks Road 1 CRC Growth Factor Group, Department of Biochemistry , , Oxford, OX1 3QU, UK"}]},{"given":"Ellen","family":"Herlaar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Oxford, South Parks Road 1 CRC Growth Factor Group, Department of Biochemistry , , Oxford, OX1 3QU, UK"}]},{"given":"John K.","family":"Heath","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Oxford, South Parks Road 1 CRC Growth Factor Group, Department of Biochemistry , , Oxford, OX1 3QU, UK"}]}],"member":"237","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1992,12,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024121722370650700_DEVELOP_116_4_1175C1","first-page":"97","article-title":"Isolation from bovine brain and structural characterisation of HBNF, a heparin binding neurotrophic factor","volume":"41","author":"Bohlen","year":"1990","journal-title":"Growth Factors"},{"key":"2024121722370650700_DEVELOP_116_4_1175C2","first-page":"2745","article-title":"High-efficiency transformation of mammalian cells by plasmid DNA","volume":"7","author":"Chen","year":"1987","journal-title":"Mol. 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