{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,4]],"date-time":"2025-11-04T16:11:58Z","timestamp":1762272718427},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"The Company of Biologists","issue":"23","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1997,12,1]],"date-time":"1997-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":880934400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.biologists.com\/user-licence-1-1\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1997,12,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>We studied the associative learning capabilities for behaviourally relevant cues in the moth Spodoptera littoralis. The moths were trained to associate a conditioned stimulus (CS), geraniol odour, with an unconditioned stimulus (US), a sucrose solution. The occurrence of a proboscis extension reflex (PER) was tested. The PER performance during acquisition increased steadily with the number of training trials. Non-associative control procedures did not result in learning. PER conditioning was achieved when the CS was presented 1\u20133 s before the US. A wide range of inter-trial intervals was able to support conditioning. Males and females learned equally well. Moths could to some degree learn the CS\u2013US association after a single trial. These results demonstrate that S. littoralis females and males have a good capability to associate an odour with a reward. The neural basis of olfactory coding in moths has been well studied; thus, the moth provides a powerful system in which to examine the neurobiology of olfactory learning.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.200.23.2969","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,25]],"date-time":"2021-04-25T04:21:37Z","timestamp":1619324497000},"page":"2969-2976","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":62,"title":["Behavioural Analysis of Olfactory Conditioning in the Moth <i>Spodoptera Littoralis<\/i> (Boisd.) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)"],"prefix":"10.1242","volume":"200","author":[{"given":"Ruey-Jane","family":"Fan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Lund University Department of Ecology, Animal Ecology , , Ecology Building , S-223 62 Lund, Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Anderson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lund University Department of Ecology, Animal Ecology , , Ecology Building , S-223 62 Lund, Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bill S.","family":"Hansson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lund University Department of Ecology, Animal Ecology , , Ecology Building , S-223 62 Lund, Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"237","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1997,12,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024032020064711100_JEXBIO_200_23_2969C1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3032.1995.tb00001.x","article-title":"Plant-odour-specific receptor neurones on the antennae of female and male Spodoptera littoralis","volume":"20","author":"Anderson","year":"1995","journal-title":"Physiol. 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