{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T08:46:56Z","timestamp":1777884416857,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2003,4,1]],"date-time":"2003-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1049155200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Proc Inst Mech Eng H"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,4,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    A problem encountered in patients undergoing long-term catheterization of the urinary tract is that of encrustation and blockage of the catheter by crystalline bacterial biofilms. This is principally caused by the action of the urease-producing pathogen Proteus mirabilis. A major aim of this work is to develop materials resistant to encrustation. Here, the effects of polymer surface properties on the adhesion of P. mirabilis are examined. Spin-coated polymer films were characterized through contact angle measurements to give the Lifschitz-van der Waals, electron acceptor and electron donor terms of the surface free energy, \u03b3\n                    <jats:sub>s<\/jats:sub>\n                    <jats:sup>LW<\/jats:sup>\n                    , \u03b3\n                    <jats:sub>s<\/jats:sub>\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    and \u03b3\n                    <jats:sub>s<\/jats:sub>\n                    <jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n                    respectively. A parallel-plate flow cell was used to assess adhesion to these polymer films of P. mirabilis suspended in an aqueous phosphate buffer, pH 7.4, ionic strength 0.26 mol\/kg. P. mirabilis was found to adhere significantly less ( p&lt;0.02) to films of agarose, poly(2-hydroxyethylmethacrylate) and cross-linked poly(vinyl alcohol) than to more hydrophobic materials. These polymer films were found to be strongly electron donating, i.e. possessing large \u03b3\n                    <jats:sub>s<\/jats:sub>\n                    <jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n                    . Films examined using scanning electron microscopy mostly showed no evidence of roughness down to a scale of 1\u201310 \u03bcm. The better performance is thought to be due to a repulsive interaction with the bacterial surface caused by acid\/base-type interactions.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1243\/095441103322060730","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,7,1]],"date-time":"2003-07-01T17:25:48Z","timestamp":1057080348000},"page":"279-289","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Polymer surface properties and their effect on the adhesion of\n                    <i>Proteus mirabilis<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"217","author":[{"given":"A","family":"Downer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Durham University IRC in Polymer Science and Technology Durham, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"N","family":"Morris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiff University School of Biosciences Cardiff, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"W J","family":"Feast","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Durham University IRC in Polymer Science and Technology Durham, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"D","family":"Stickler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiff University School of Biosciences Cardiff, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2003,4,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-095441103322060730","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0195-6701(93)90048-5"},{"key":"bibr2-095441103322060730","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-410X.1991.tb15157.x"},{"key":"bibr3-095441103322060730","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0025-7125(16)30465-5"},{"key":"bibr4-095441103322060730","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.1989.00390070073009"},{"key":"bibr5-095441103322060730","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(17)43412-4"},{"key":"bibr6-095441103322060730","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.25.11.2216-2217.1987"},{"key":"bibr7-095441103322060730","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1464-410X.1996.09074.x"},{"key":"bibr8-095441103322060730","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-410X.1993.tb15939.x"},{"key":"bibr9-095441103322060730","unstructured":"Kunin C. 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