{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T08:20:29Z","timestamp":1777882829119,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1992,12,1]],"date-time":"1992-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":723168000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Proc Inst Mech Eng H"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1992,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>This paper presents an engineering analysis of shoulder dystocia (SD) in the human birth process which usually results in damaging the brachial plexus nerves and the humerus and\/or clavicle bones of the baby. The goal is to study these injuries from the mechanical engineering point of view. Two separate finite element models of the neonatal neck and the clavicle bone have been simulated using eight-node three-dimensional elements and beam elements respectively. Simulated models have been analysed under suitable boundary conditions using the \u2018SAP80\u2019 finite element package. Finally, results obtained have been verified by comparing them with published clinical and experimental observations.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1243\/pime_proc_1992_206_296_02","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,2,20]],"date-time":"2007-02-20T11:59:56Z","timestamp":1171972796000},"page":"243-250","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Engineering Analysis of Shoulder Dystocia in the Human Birth Process by the Finite Element Method"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"206","author":[{"given":"A","family":"Meghdari","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R","family":"Davoodi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"F","family":"Mesbah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1992,12,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-PIME_PROC_1992_206_296_02","volume-title":"Design and development of engineering aids to evaluate the birthing process","author":"Sorab J.","year":"1988"},{"key":"bibr2-PIME_PROC_1992_206_296_02","volume-title":"Applications of finite element and expert systems methods to a study of shoulder dystocia","author":"Sharma V.","year":"1988"},{"key":"bibr3-PIME_PROC_1992_206_296_02","volume-title":"Anatomy of the newborn\u2014an atlas","author":"Crelin E. 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Gynecol."},{"key":"bibr9-PIME_PROC_1992_206_296_02","volume-title":"Engineering analysis of shoulder dystocia in the human birth process by finite element method","author":"Davoodi R.","year":"1992"},{"key":"bibr10-PIME_PROC_1992_206_296_02","volume-title":"SAP80 structural analysis programs","author":"Edward W.","year":"1986"}],"container-title":["Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1243\/PIME_PROC_1992_206_296_02","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1243\/PIME_PROC_1992_206_296_02","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T01:24:49Z","timestamp":1777598689000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1243\/PIME_PROC_1992_206_296_02"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1992,12]]},"references-count":10,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1992,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1243\/PIME_PROC_1992_206_296_02"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1243\/pime_proc_1992_206_296_02","relation":{},"ISSN":["0954-4119","2041-3033"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0954-4119","type":"print"},{"value":"2041-3033","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1992,12]]}}}