{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T08:39:23Z","timestamp":1777883963545,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,1,1]],"date-time":"2004-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1072915200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part F: Journal of Rail and Rapid Transit"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,1,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The aims of this article are as follows. Firstly, the importance of vertical track stiffness on high-speed lines is emphasized. Secondly, it proposes an optimum range for this vertical stiffness value, establishing parallel equations that enable the influence of every elastic component located under the rail to be quantified (base plates, ballast and subgrade) in total track stiffness. Finally, a range of variations is proposed for base-plate vertical stiffness.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1243\/095440904322804411","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,2,19]],"date-time":"2004-02-19T17:19:11Z","timestamp":1077211151000},"page":"31-40","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":91,"title":["High speed and track deterioration: The role of vertical stiffness of the track"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"218","author":[{"given":"A Lopez","family":"Pita","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Technical University of Catalonia Center for Innovation in Transport (CENIT) Barcelona, Spain"}]},{"given":"P. F.","family":"Teixeira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Technical University of Catalonia Center for Innovation in Transport (CENIT) Barcelona, Spain"}]},{"given":"F","family":"Robuste","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Technical University of Catalonia Center for Innovation in Transport (CENIT) Barcelona, Spain"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2004,1,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-095440904322804411","first-page":"331","volume":"6","author":"Janin G.","year":"1982","journal-title":"Rev. G\u00e9n\u00e9rale Chemins Fer"},{"key":"bibr2-095440904322804411","first-page":"99","volume":"3","author":"Eisenmann J.","year":"1997","journal-title":"Eisenbahntechnische Rundschan"},{"key":"bibr3-095440904322804411","first-page":"56","volume":"1","author":"Prud'Homme","year":"1970","journal-title":"Rev. G\u00e9n\u00e9rale Chemins Fer"},{"key":"bibr4-095440904322804411","unstructured":"Pennycook T. J. The effect of axle load on the vertical settlement of the track. Technical Note TN.SM. 144, File 261-201-144, Research and Development Division, Railway Technical Centre, Derby, 1976."},{"key":"bibr5-095440904322804411","unstructured":"Alias J., Prud'Homme A. La dynamique ferroviaire \u00e1 grande vitesse Bull. Assoc. Ing. Ponts Chauss\u00e9es, Paris, October 1981,(10), 18\u201322."},{"key":"bibr6-095440904322804411","volume-title":"Mec\u00e1nica de Suelos","author":"Lambe W.","year":"1996"},{"issue":"3","key":"bibr7-095440904322804411","first-page":"63","volume":"18","author":"Sato Y.","year":"1977","journal-title":"Q. Rep. Railway Tech. Res. Inst. (RTRI)"},{"key":"bibr8-095440904322804411","unstructured":"L\u00f3pez Pita A. High-speed freight on the European high-speed railway network. Final Report on the Technological Constraints, Part 2, HISPEEDMIX Project, Project co-funded by the European Commission-Transport RTD Programme of the IV Framework Programme (Project E377), 1999."},{"key":"bibr9-095440904322804411","unstructured":"Comit\u00e9 D-71, ORE (Office for Research and Experiments of the International Union of Railways) Sollicitation de la voie du ballast et de la plateforme sous l'adion des charges roulantes. RP1, ORE, 1970."},{"key":"bibr10-095440904322804411","unstructured":"Comit\u00e9 C-113, ORE (Office for Research and Experiments of the International Union of Railways) Masse par essieu admisible pour les wagons en fonction du diam\u00e8tre des roues et de la vitesse. RP1, ORE, 1970."},{"key":"bibr11-095440904322804411","unstructured":"McCullough Effect on track of heavy axle load Proc. Instn Mech. Engrs, 1972."},{"key":"bibr12-095440904322804411","unstructured":"Andreyev Particularidades de la conservaci\u00f3n de la via en sectores de alta velocidad de circulaci\u00f3n de los trenes (translation from Russian by Fundaci\u00f3n de Ferrocarriles Espa\u00f1oles). Zhelieznoderozhniy Transport 1, 1974."},{"key":"bibr13-095440904322804411","unstructured":"Comit\u00e9 D-117, ORE (Office for Research and Experiments of the International Union of Railways) Optimum adaptation of the conventional track to future traffic: synthesis report. Report 29, ORE, 1983."},{"key":"bibr14-095440904322804411","unstructured":"Henn W. La repercusi\u00f3n de la forma de la superestructura y de la carga por eje en la alteraci\u00f3n del nivel de la via (translation from German by Fundaci\u00f3n de Ferrocarriles Espa\u00f1oles). Report 30, Technical University of Munich, Germany, 1978."},{"key":"bibr15-095440904322804411","unstructured":"SNCF Projet de ligne \u00e1 grande vitesse Perpignan-Figueres: \u00e9tude sur les co\u00fcts de maintenance. Direction de l'Ingen-lerle, Soc\u00ed\u00e9t\u00e9 Nationale des Chemins de Fer, 1997."},{"key":"bibr16-095440904322804411","first-page":"383","volume":"7","author":"Sauvage R.","year":"1982","journal-title":"Rev. G\u00e9n\u00e9rale Chemins Fer"},{"key":"bibr17-095440904322804411","unstructured":"Teixeira P., L\u00f3pez Pita A. Nuevos criterios para reducir los costes de mantenimiento de las lineas de alta velocidad. In V Congreso de Ingenieria del Transporte, Santander, Spain, June 2002, pp. 2001\u20132008."},{"key":"bibr18-095440904322804411","unstructured":"Janin G. The 9 mm rubber rail under-pad applied to the French TGV new line to Lyon Rail Engng Int., January-April 1982, 15\u201317."},{"key":"bibr19-095440904322804411","first-page":"70","volume":"366","author":"Prud'Homme A.","year":"1978","journal-title":"Annls Inst. Techq Batiment Trav. Publics"},{"key":"bibr20-095440904322804411","unstructured":"Puebla J., Gilaberte M. La via sobre balasto y su comportamiento elastico. In III Congreso Nacional de la Ingenieria Civil, Barcelona, Spain, 1999, pp. 811\u2013817."},{"key":"bibr21-095440904322804411","unstructured":"Pita Lopez A. Ballast vibration makes new designs for high-speed lines advisable. In Proceedings of the 5th World Congress on Railways Research, Cologne, Germany, November 2001."},{"key":"bibr22-095440904322804411","unstructured":"L\u00f3pez Pita A. The vertical stiffness of the track and the deterioration of high-speed lines Rev. 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