{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T08:40:27Z","timestamp":1777884027339,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,3,19]],"date-time":"2010-03-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1268956800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part F: Journal of Rail and Rapid Transit"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,5,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>In order to develop more durable wheel materials to cope with the new specifications being imposed on wheel wear, a greater understanding of the wear mechanisms and transitions occurring in wheel steels is needed, particularly at higher load and slip conditions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>The aim of this work was to draw together current understanding of the wear mechanisms, regimes, and transitions (particularly with R8T wheel material) and new tests on R7T wheel material; to identify gaps in the knowledge; and to develop new tools for assessing wear of wheel materials, such as wear maps, that can be used to improve wear prediction. Wear assessment of wheel materials, as well as wear rates, regimes, and transitions, is discussed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Twin disc wear testing, used extensively for studying wear of wheel and rail materials, has indicated that three wear regimes exist for wheel materials: mild, severe, and catastrophic. These have been classified in terms of wear rate and features. Wear rates are seen to increase steadily initially and then level off, before increasing rapidly as the severity of the contact conditions is increased.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Analysis of the contact conditions in terms of friction and slip has indicated that the levelling off of the wear rate observed at the first wear transition is caused by the change from partial slip to full slip conditions at the disc interface. Temperature calculations for the contact showed that the large increase in wear rates seen at the second wear transition may result from a thermally induced reduction in yield strength and other material properties. Comparisons made between discs and actual wheels have provided some support for the theories relating to the transitions observed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Wear maps have been produced using the test results to study how individual contact parameters such as load and sliding speed influence wear rates and transitions. The maps are also correlated to expected wheel\u2014rail contact conditions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>This improved understanding of wheel wear mechanisms and transitions will help in the aim of eventually attaining a wear modelling methodology reliant on material properties rather than on wear constants derived from testing.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1243\/09544097jrrt328","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,3,19]],"date-time":"2010-03-19T21:05:45Z","timestamp":1269032745000},"page":"125-137","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":97,"title":["Mapping railway wheel material wear mechanisms and transitions"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"224","author":[{"given":"R","family":"Lewis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK"}]},{"given":"R S","family":"Dwyer-Joyce","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK"}]},{"given":"U","family":"Olofsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Machine Design, KTH, Stockholm, Sweden"}]},{"given":"J","family":"Pombo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IDMEC\/Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico, Technical University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal"}]},{"given":"J","family":"Ambr\u00f3sio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IDMEC\/Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico, Technical University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal"}]},{"given":"M","family":"Pereira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IDMEC\/Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico, Technical University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal"}]},{"given":"C","family":"Ariaudo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Running Dynamics, ALSTOM Ferroviaria s.p.a., Savigliano (CN), Italy"}]},{"given":"N","family":"Kuka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Running Dynamics, ALSTOM Ferroviaria s.p.a., Savigliano (CN), Italy"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,3,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-09544097JRRT328","unstructured":"Stanca M, Stefanini A, Gallo R \u2018Development of an integrated design methodology for a new generation of high performance rail wheelsets.\u2019 In Proceedings of the 16th European MDI User Conference, Berchtesgaden, Germany, 14\u201315 November 2001."},{"key":"bibr2-09544097JRRT328","unstructured":"Jendel T \u2018Prediction of wheel profile wear \u2013 comparisons with field measurements.\u2019 In Proceedings of the International Conference on Contact mechanics and wear of rail-wheel systems, Tokyo, Japan, 2000, pp. 117\u2013124."},{"key":"bibr3-09544097JRRT328","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1115\/1.3143873"},{"key":"bibr4-09544097JRRT328","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0043-1648(91)90025-P"},{"key":"bibr5-09544097JRRT328","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00423119708969355"},{"key":"bibr6-09544097JRRT328","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wear.2006.03.025"},{"key":"bibr7-09544097JRRT328","unstructured":"Pombo J, Quost X, Tassini N, Ambr\u00f3sio J, Pereira M, Ariaudo C, Kuka N, Lewis R, Dwyer-Joyce R S \u2018Development of a computational tool to predict the wear on the wheels of railway vehicles.\u2019 In Proceedings of the 21st International Symposium on Dynamics of vehicles on roads and tracks (IAVSD 2009), KTH, Stockholm, Sweden, 17\u201321 August 2009."},{"key":"bibr8-09544097JRRT328","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1243\/0954409011531404"},{"key":"bibr9-09544097JRRT328","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0043-1648(02)00291-0"},{"key":"bibr10-09544097JRRT328","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1063\/1.1721448"},{"key":"bibr11-09544097JRRT328","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Quost X, Tassini N, Lewis R, Dwyer-Joyce R, Ariaudo C, Kuka N \u2018A numerical model of twin disc test arrangement for evaluating railway wheel wear prediction algorithms.\u2019 In Proceedings of the STLE\/ASME International Joint Tribology Conference \u2014 IJTC2008, Miami, Florida, 20\u201322 October 2008.","DOI":"10.1115\/IJTC2008-71081"},{"key":"bibr12-09544097JRRT328","volume":"218","author":"Lewis R","year":"2004","journal-title":"Proc. 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