{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T08:05:21Z","timestamp":1777881921747,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,3,1]],"date-time":"2004-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1078099200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part K: Journal of Multi-body Dynamics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,3,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>This paper analyses a case study of the dynamic behaviour of structures with a base-isolation device support. The objective of the present analysis is to understand why and under what conditions the base-isolation pair is effective in reducing earthquake-induced forces in structures. To this end, a one-storey building with high-damping rubber bearings (HDR) installed between the base building and the foundation was considered. Most isolation systems are non-linear in force-deformation relations, but this behaviour was not considered, since, in the region of typical design rubber shear strain (100 per cent), the rubber shear modulus does not change sharply, and thus the isolator shows approximately a linear behaviour. In order to evaluate the efficiency of the base-isolation system under earthquake motion, linear analysis using a modal superposition technique was carried out on buildings with and without the isolation system under two different strong ground motions, namely the Northridge 1994 and El Centro 1940 earthquakes. It was found from the analysis that the primary reason for effectiveness offered by rubber bearings in reducing earthquake-induced forces in a building is the lengthening of the first natural vibration period. Moreover, the reduction in forces also depends on the type of earthquake motion. However, the maximum accelerations and base shear force were significantly reduced with the insertion of a rubber isolation system, regardless of the ground motion input.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1243\/146441904322926931","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,3,23]],"date-time":"2004-03-23T18:04:43Z","timestamp":1080065083000},"page":"39-49","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Analytical dynamic analysis of earthquake base-isolation structures using time history modal superposition"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"218","author":[{"given":"J O","family":"Carneiro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Minho, Campus de Azur\u00e9m Guimar\u00e3es, Portugal"}]},{"given":"F J Q","family":"de Melo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Porto, IDMEC-Pole FEUP Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"S","family":"Jalali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Minho, Campus de Azur\u00e9m Guimar\u00e3es, Portugal"}]},{"given":"P P","family":"Camanho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Porto, IDMEC-Pole FEUP Porto, Portugal"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2004,3,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-146441904322926931","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1061\/(ASCE)0733-9399(1991)117:4(836)"},{"key":"bibr2-146441904322926931","volume-title":"Joint Sealing and Bearing Systems for Concrete Structures","author":"Kelly J. M.","year":"1982"},{"key":"bibr3-146441904322926931","unstructured":"Izumi M. State-of-art report: base isolation amd passive seismic response control. In Proceedings of 9th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering, Tokyo-Kyoto, Japan, 1988, pp. 385\u2013396."},{"key":"bibr4-146441904322926931","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1193\/1.1585564"},{"key":"bibr5-146441904322926931","unstructured":"Kelly J. M. Base isolation in Japan. Earthquake Engineering Research Center report UCB\/EERC-88\/20, University of California, Berkeley, 1988."},{"key":"bibr6-146441904322926931","unstructured":"Aiken I. D., Kelly J. M., Tajirian F. Mechanics of low shape factor elastomeric seismic isolation bearings. Earthquake Engineering Research Center report UCB\/EERC-89\/13, University of California, Berkeley, 1989."},{"key":"bibr7-146441904322926931","unstructured":"Fujita T., Fujita S., Tazaki S., Yoshizawa T., Suzuki S. Research development and implementation of rubber bearings for seismic isolation. Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference, Hawaii, 1989, Vol. 181, pp. 35\u201342 (ASME, USA)."},{"key":"bibr8-146441904322926931","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1193\/1.1585566"},{"key":"bibr9-146441904322926931","unstructured":"Fuller K. N. G., Ahmadi H. R., Melkumian M., Magonette G. Earthquake protection of buildings using high damping rubber isolators or viscoelastic dampers. In Proceedings of Mitigation of Seismic Risk, Belgirate, Italy, 2000."},{"key":"bibr10-146441904322926931","unstructured":"Medeot R., Braun C. New design approach to reduce seismic risk. In Proceedings of Mitigation of Seismic Risk, Belgirate, Italy, 2000."},{"key":"bibr11-146441904322926931","unstructured":"Medeot R., Braun C. Seismic hardware suitable for energy approach design International Post-SmiRT Conference Seminar on Seismic Isolation, Passive Energy Dissipation and Active Control of Vibrations, 1999."},{"key":"bibr12-146441904322926931","unstructured":"Coladant C. Base isolation and aseismic bearings Civil Engng Struct. and Ind. Facilities, 1989, 587\u2013625."},{"key":"bibr13-146441904322926931","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eqe.4290140405"},{"key":"bibr14-146441904322926931","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0029-5493(02)00134-6"},{"key":"bibr15-146441904322926931","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0141-0296(97)00211-3"},{"key":"bibr16-146441904322926931","volume-title":"Finite Element Procedures in Engineering Analysis","author":"Bath K. J.","year":"1982"},{"issue":"3","key":"bibr17-146441904322926931","volume-title":"J. Engng Mechanics Div.","volume":"85","author":"Newmark N. M.","year":"1959"},{"key":"bibr18-146441904322926931","volume-title":"Numerical Methods in Finite Element Analysis","volume":"1976","author":"Bathe K.-J."},{"key":"bibr19-146441904322926931","volume-title":"Finite Element Modelling in Engineering Practice","author":"Constantine S.","year":"1994"},{"key":"bibr20-146441904322926931","unstructured":"EUROCODE 8. Structures in seismic regions, design. Part 1: general and building. Commission of the European Communities report EUR 12266, 1998."},{"key":"bibr21-146441904322926931","volume-title":"Dynamic of Structures: Theory and Applications to Earthquake Engineering","author":"Chopra A.K.","year":"2001"},{"key":"bibr22-146441904322926931","volume-title":"Dynamic of Structures","author":"Clough R. W.","year":"1993"}],"container-title":["Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part K: Journal of Multi-body Dynamics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1243\/146441904322926931","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1243\/146441904322926931","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:57:12Z","timestamp":1777597032000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1243\/146441904322926931"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2004,3,1]]},"references-count":22,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,3,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1243\/146441904322926931"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1243\/146441904322926931","relation":{},"ISSN":["1464-4193","2041-3068"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1464-4193","type":"print"},{"value":"2041-3068","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2004,3,1]]}}}