{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,9]],"date-time":"2026-01-09T23:06:37Z","timestamp":1767999997011,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,19]],"date-time":"2016-07-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1468886400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Ann Surg Oncol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,11]]},"DOI":"10.1245\/s10434-016-5435-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,19]],"date-time":"2016-07-19T14:42:29Z","timestamp":1468939349000},"page":"3860-3869","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Locoregional Recurrence Risk for Postmastectomy Breast Cancer Patients With T1\u20132 and One to Three Positive Lymph Nodes Receiving Modern Systemic Treatment Without Radiotherapy"],"prefix":"10.1245","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Shih-Fan","family":"Lai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yu-Hsuan","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wen-Hung","family":"Kuo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Huang-Chun","family":"Lien","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ming-Yang","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yen-Shen","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chiao","family":"Lo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sung-Hsin","family":"Kuo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ann-Lii","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chiun-Sheng","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"5435_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"432","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(11)61625-5","volume":"379","author":"Early Breast Cancer Trialists\u2019 Collaborative Group","year":"2012","unstructured":"Early Breast Cancer Trialists\u2019 Collaborative Group.Comparisons between different polychemotherapy regimens for early breast cancer: meta-analyses of long-term outcome in 100,000 randomised women in 123 randomised trials. Lancet. 2012;379:432\u201344.","journal-title":"Lancet."},{"key":"5435_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1273","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0910383","volume":"365","author":"D Slamon","year":"2011","unstructured":"Slamon D, Eiermann W, Robert N, et al. Adjuvant trastuzumab in HER2-positive breast cancer. N Engl J Med. 2011;365:1273\u201383.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med."},{"key":"5435_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2127","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(14)60488-8","volume":"383","author":"Early Breast Cancer Trialists\u2019 Collaborative Group","year":"2014","unstructured":"Early Breast Cancer Trialists\u2019 Collaborative Group. Effect of radiotherapy after mastectomy and axillary surgery on 10-year recurrence and 20-year breast cancer mortality: meta-analysis of individual patient data for 8135 women in 22 randomised trials. Lancet. 2014;383:2127\u201335.","journal-title":"Lancet."},{"key":"5435_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1539","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2001.19.5.1539","volume":"19","author":"SB Edge","year":"2001","unstructured":"RechtA,EdgeSB,SolinLJ, et al. Postmastectomy radiotherapy: Clinical practice guidelines of the American Society of Clinical Oncology. J Clin Oncol. 2001;19:1539\u201369.","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol."},{"key":"5435_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"989","DOI":"10.1016\/S0360-3016(99)00096-6","volume":"44","author":"JR Harris","year":"1999","unstructured":"Harris JR, Halpin-Murphy P, McNeese M, et al. Consensus statement on postmastectomy radiation therapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 1999;44:989\u201390.","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys."},{"key":"5435_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1297","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2009.01.007","volume":"75","author":"SM MacDonald","year":"2009","unstructured":"MacDonald SM, Abi-Raad RF, Alm El-Din MA, et al. Chest wall radiotherapy: middle ground for treatment of patients with one to three positive lymph nodes after mastectomy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2009;75:1297\u2013303.","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys."},{"key":"5435_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"516","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2009.05.016","volume":"77","author":"PS Yang","year":"2010","unstructured":"Yang PS, Chen CM, Liu MC, et al. Radiotherapy can decrease locoregional recurrence and increase survival in mastectomy patients with T1 to T2 breast cancer and one to three positive nodes with negative estrogen receptor and positive lymphovascular invasion status. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2010;77:516\u201322.","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys."},{"key":"5435_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2899","DOI":"10.1245\/s10434-010-1089-x","volume":"7","author":"R Sharma","year":"2010","unstructured":"Sharma R, Bedrosian I, Lucci A, et al. Present-day locoregional control in patients with T1 or T2 breast cancer with 0\u20133 positive lymph nodes after mastectomy without radiotherapy. Ann Surg Oncol. 2010;7:2899\u2013908.","journal-title":"Ann Surg Oncol."},{"key":"5435_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1221","DOI":"10.1007\/s10549-012-2044-2","volume":"134","author":"E Botteri","year":"2012","unstructured":"Botteri E, Gentilini O, Rotmensz N, et al. Mastectomy without radiotherapy: outcome analysis after 10\u00a0years of follow-up in a single institution. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2012;134:1221\u20138.","journal-title":"Breast Cancer Res Treat."},{"key":"5435_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2012.01.076","volume":"83","author":"RD Tendulkar","year":"2012","unstructured":"Tendulkar RD, Rehman S, Shukla ME, et al. Impact of postmastectomy radiation on locoregional recurrence in breast cancer patients with 1\u20133 positive lymph nodes treated with modern systemic therapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2012; 83:577\u201381.","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys."},{"key":"5435_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"392","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2014.02.013","volume":"89","author":"A McBride","year":"2014","unstructured":"McBride A, Allen P, Woodward W, et al. Locoregional recurrence risk for patients with T1, 2 breast cancer with 1\u20133 positive lymph nodes treated with mastectomy and systemic treatment. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2014;89:392\u20138.","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys."},{"key":"5435_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1186\/1748-717X-6-28","volume":"6","author":"R Cosar","year":"2011","unstructured":"Cosar R, Uzal C, Tokatli F, et al. Postmastectomy irradiation in breast in breast cancer patients with T1\u20132 and 1\u20133 positive axillary lymph nodes: is there a role for radiation therapy? Radiat Oncol. 2011;6:28.","journal-title":"Radiat Oncol."},{"key":"5435_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2010.02.013","volume":"95","author":"MP Greenbaum","year":"2010","unstructured":"Greenbaum MP, Strom EA, Allen PK, et al. Low locoregional recurrence rates in patients treated after 2000 with doxorubicin based chemotherapy, modified radical mastectomy, and postmastectomy radiation. Radiother Oncol. 2010;95:312\u20136.","journal-title":"Radiother Oncol."},{"key":"5435_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"646","DOI":"10.1016\/j.breast.2008.05.006","volume":"17","author":"SH Kuo","year":"2008","unstructured":"Kuo SH, Lien HC, You SL, et al. Dose variation and regimen modification of adjuvant chemotherapy in daily practice affect survival of stage I\u2013II and operable stage III Taiwanese breast cancer patients. Breast. 2008;17:646\u201353.","journal-title":"Breast."},{"key":"5435_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2784","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2009.25.6529","volume":"28","author":"MEH Hammond","year":"2010","unstructured":"Hammond MEH, Hayes DF, Dowsett M, et al. American Society of Clinical Oncology\/College of American Pathologists guideline recommendations for immunohistochemical testing of estrogen and progesterone receptors in breast cancer. J Clin Oncol. 2010;28:2784\u201395.","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol."},{"key":"5435_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1323","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2007.14.8197","volume":"27","author":"G Sauter","year":"2009","unstructured":"Sauter G, Lee J, Bartlett JM, Slamon DJ, Press MF. Guidelines for human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 testing: biologic and methodologic considerations. J Clin Oncol. 2009;27:1323\u201333.","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol."},{"key":"5435_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2127","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2006.10.3523","volume":"25","author":"CA Hudis","year":"2007","unstructured":"Hudis CA, Barlow WE, Costantino JP, et al. Proposal for standardized definitions for efficacy end points in adjuvant breast cancer trials: the STEEP system. J Clin Oncol. 2007;25:2127\u201332.","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol."},{"key":"5435_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3278","DOI":"10.1245\/s10434-014-3902-4","volume":"21","author":"AR Shah","year":"2014","unstructured":"Shah AR, Glazebrook KN, Boughey JC, et al. Does BMI affect the accuracy of preoperative axillary ultrasound in breast cancer patients? Ann Surg Oncol. 2014;21:3278\u201383.","journal-title":"Ann Surg Oncol."},{"key":"5435_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"819","DOI":"10.1245\/s10434-012-2609-7","volume":"20","author":"J Cools-Lartigue","year":"2013","unstructured":"Cools-Lartigue J, Sinclair A, Trabulsi N, et al. Preoperative axillary ultrasound and fine-needle aspiration biopsy in the diagnosis of axillary metastases in patients with breast cancer: predictors of accuracy and future implications. Ann Surg Oncol. 2013;20:819\u201327.","journal-title":"Ann Surg Oncol."},{"key":"5435_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2268","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2005.02.8738","volume":"24","author":"HM Nielsen","year":"2006","unstructured":"Nielsen HM, Overgaard M, Grau C, et al. Study of failure pattern among high-risk breast cancer patients with or without postmastectomy radiotherapy in addition to adjuvant systemic therapy: long-term results from the Danish Breast Cancer Cooperative Group DBCG 82 b and c randomized studies. J Clin Oncol. 2006;24:2268\u201375.","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol."},{"key":"5435_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2006.04.006","volume":"79","author":"HM Nielsen","year":"2006","unstructured":"Nielsen HM, Overgaard M, Grau C, et al. Locoregional recurrence after mastectomy in high-risk breast cancer\u2014risk and prognosis: an analysis of patients from the DBCG 82 b & c randomization trials. Radiother Oncol. 2006;79:147\u201355.","journal-title":"Radiother Oncol."},{"key":"5435_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2007.02.001","volume":"82","author":"M Overgaard","year":"2007","unstructured":"Overgaard M, Nielsen HM, Overgaard J. Is the benefit of postmastectomy irradiation limited to patients with four or more positive nodes, as recommended in international consensus reports? A subgroup analysis of the DBCG 82 b & c randomized trials. Radiother Oncol. 2007;82:247\u201353.","journal-title":"Radiother Oncol."},{"key":"5435_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4247","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2004.01.042","volume":"22","author":"A Taghian","year":"2004","unstructured":"Taghian A, Jeong JH, Mamounas E, et al. Patterns of locoregional failure in patients with operable breast cancer treated by mastectomy and adjuvant chemotherapy with or without tamoxifen and without radiotherapy: results from five National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel Project randomized clinical trials. J Clin Oncol. 2004;22:4247\u201354.","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol."},{"key":"5435_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1641","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(98)09201-0","volume":"353","author":"M Overgaard","year":"1999","unstructured":"Overgaard M, Jensen MB, Overgaard J, et al. Postoperative radiotherapy in high-risk postmenopausal breast cancer patients given adjuvant tamoxifen: Danish Breast Cancer Cooperative Group DBCG 82c randomised trial. Lancet. 1999;353:1641\u20138.","journal-title":"Lancet."},{"key":"5435_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4295","DOI":"10.1245\/s10434-015-4528-x","volume":"22","author":"D Huo","year":"2015","unstructured":"Huo D, Hou N, Jaskowiak N, et al. Use of postmastectomy radiotherapy and survival rates for breast cancer patients with T1\u2013T2 and one to three positive lymph nodes. Ann Surg Oncol. 2015;22,4295\u2013304.","journal-title":"Ann Surg Oncol."},{"key":"5435_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4237","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2004.06.974","volume":"22","author":"IA Olivotto","year":"2004","unstructured":"Olivotto IA, Truong PT, Chua B. Postmastectomy radiation therapy: who needs it? J Clin Oncol. 2004;22:4237\u20139.","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol."},{"key":"5435_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"997","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2008.10.080","volume":"73","author":"ME Taylor","year":"2009","unstructured":"Taylor ME, Haffty BG, Rabinovitch R, et al. ACR appropriateness criteria on postmastectomy radiotherapy expert panel on radiation oncology-breast. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2009;73:997\u20131002.","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys."},{"key":"5435_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1569","DOI":"10.1245\/s10434-014-3488-x","volume":"21","author":"TA Moo","year":"2014","unstructured":"Moo TA, McMillan R, Lee M, et al. Impact of molecular subtype on locoregional recurrence in mastectomy patients with T1\u2013T2 breast cancer and 1\u20133 positive lymph nodes. Ann Surg Oncol. 2014;21:1569\u201374.","journal-title":"Ann Surg Oncol."},{"key":"5435_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1007\/s12282-012-0369-7","volume":"21","author":"Y Hamamoto","year":"2014","unstructured":"Hamamoto Y, Ohsumi S, Aogi K, et al. Are there high-risk subgroups for isolated locoregional failure in patients who had T1\/2 breast cancer with one to three positive lymph nodes and received mastectomy without radiotherapy? Breast Cancer. 2014;21:177\u201382.","journal-title":"Breast Cancer."},{"key":"5435_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"953","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2012.08.042","volume":"85","author":"SH Cheng","year":"2013","unstructured":"Cheng SH, Tsai SY, Yu BL, et al. Validating a prognostic scoring system for postmastectomy locoregional recurrence in breast cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2013;85:953\u20138.","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys."},{"key":"5435_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1419","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2007.14.5565","volume":"26","author":"M Kyndi","year":"2008","unstructured":"Kyndi M, Sorensen FB, Knudsen H, et al. Estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, HER-2, and response to postmastectomy radiotherapy in high-risk breast cancer: the Danish Breast Cancer Cooperative Group. J Clin Oncol. 2008; 26:1419\u201326.","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol."},{"key":"5435_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2006.12.017","volume":"68","author":"WA Woodward","year":"2007","unstructured":"Truong PT, Woodward WA, Thames HD, et al. The ratio of positive to excised nodes identifies high-risk subsets and reduces inter-institutional differences in locoregional recurrence risk estimates in breast cancer patients with 1\u20133 positive nodes: an analysis of prospective data from British Columbia and the M.D. Anderson Cancer Center. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2007;68:59\u201365.","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys."},{"key":"5435_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2013.09.024","volume":"110","author":"MB Mukesh","year":"2014","unstructured":"Mukesh MB, Duke S, Parashar D, et al. The Cambridge postmastectomy radiotherapy (C-PMRT) index: a practical tool for patient selection. Radiother Oncol. 2014;110:461\u20136.","journal-title":"Radiother Oncol."},{"key":"5435_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10393","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1732912100","volume":"100","author":"C Sotiriou","year":"2003","unstructured":"Sotiriou C, Neo SY, McShane LM, et al. Breast cancer classification and prognosis based on gene expression profiles from a population-based study. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2003;100:10393\u20138.","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A."},{"key":"5435_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4701","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2008.21.7075","volume":"27","author":"EK Millar","year":"2009","unstructured":"Millar EK, Graham PH, O\u2019Toole SA, et al. Prediction of local recurrence, distant metastases, and death after breast-conserving therapy in early-stage invasive breast cancer using a five-biomarker panel. J Clin Oncol. 2009;27:4701\u20138.","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol."},{"key":"5435_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2492","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.295.21.2492","volume":"295","author":"LA Carey","year":"2006","unstructured":"Carey LA, Perou CM, Livasy CA, et al. Race, breast cancer subtypes, and survival in the Carolina Breast Cancer Study. JAMA.\u00a02006;295:2492\u2013502.","journal-title":"JAMA."},{"key":"5435_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Telli M. Optimizing chemotherapy in triple-negative breast cancer: the role of platinum. Am Soc Clin Oncol Educ Book. 2014:e37\u201342.","DOI":"10.14694\/EdBook_AM.2014.34.e37"},{"key":"5435_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1419","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2007.14.5565","volume":"26","author":"M Kyndi","year":"2008","unstructured":"Kyndi M, S\u00f8rensen FB, Knudsen H, et al. Estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, HER2, and response to postmastectomy radiotherapy in high-risk breast cancer: The Danish Breast Cancer Cooperative Group. J Clin Oncol. 2008;26:1419\u201326.","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol."},{"key":"5435_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2852","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2010.33.4714","volume":"29","author":"BS Abdulkarim","year":"2011","unstructured":"Abdulkarim BS, Cuartero J, Hanson J, et al. Increased risk of locoregional recurrence for women with T1-2N0 triple-negative breast cancer treated with modified radical mastectomy without adjuvant radiation therapy compared with breast-conserving therapy. J Clin Oncol. 2011;29:2852\u20138.","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol."},{"key":"5435_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1456","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2008.03.042","volume":"72","author":"SH Kuo","year":"2008","unstructured":"Kuo SH, Huang CS, Kuo WH, et al. Comprehensive locoregional treatment and systemic therapy for postmastectomy isolated locoregional recurrence. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2008;72:1456\u201364.","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys."}],"container-title":["Annals of Surgical Oncology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1245\/s10434-016-5435-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1245\/s10434-016-5435-5\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1245\/s10434-016-5435-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,11]],"date-time":"2019-09-11T10:59:46Z","timestamp":1568199586000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1245\/s10434-016-5435-5"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,19]]},"references-count":40,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,11]]}},"alternative-id":["5435"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1245\/s10434-016-5435-5","relation":{},"ISSN":["1068-9265","1534-4681"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1068-9265","type":"print"},{"value":"1534-4681","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,19]]}}}