{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,15]],"date-time":"2026-05-15T19:10:48Z","timestamp":1778872248093,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,18]],"date-time":"2026-01-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768694400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,18]],"date-time":"2026-01-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768694400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"AngioDynamics, Inc"},{"name":"Tenenbaum Breast Cancer Research Fund, Little Rock, Arkansas"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100011145","name":"Fashion Footwear Association of New York","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100011145","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"University of Arkansas for Translational Research Institute\/Arkansas Breast Cancer Research Program","award":["CTSA Grant Award #UL1TR000039"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CTSA Grant Award #UL1TR000039"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Ann Surg Oncol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Excision followed by radiofrequency ablation (eRFA) is an intraoperative method that utilizes intracavitary hyperthermia to create an additional tumor-free zone around the lumpectomy cavity in patients with breast cancer, similar to partial breast irradiation. We hypothesized that intraoperative eRFA extends the \u201cfinal\u201d tumor-free margin, decreases local recurrence, and maintains cosmesis without the need for radiation (XRT).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Patients and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patients with unifocal ER+PR+HER2\u2212 or DCIS tumors less than or equal to 3 cm with clinically negative nodes were included. After standard lumpectomy, the RFA probe was deployed 1 cm circumferentially into the walls of the lumpectomy cavity. RFA was performed at 100\u00b0C for 15 min, followed by validated intraoperative Doppler sonography. Pain and cosmesis were assessed with the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) scales.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A total of 242 subjects were accrued to the study, with a median follow-up of 44 months (range 12\u201396 months); 60% were invasive ductal cancer (IDC), and 33% were ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS). The average size was 1.1 \u00b1 0.6 cm (0.2\u20133 cm). Reexcision for positive margins was &lt; 5%. In-breast recurrence rate was 2.9%. Breast pain at 6 months was 19% with RFA combined with XRT versus 1.7% with RFA alone (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.05). Cosmesis was good or excellent in 89% of subjects.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A majority of the subjects avoided whole breast XRT and mastectomy. Results indicate that eRFA, in lieu of XRT, is safe and effective, resulting in ~fivefold lower pain. By completing therapy in the operating room, eRFA can potentially enhance patient access and compliance, alleviate financial stress, and deliver superior cosmetic and quality-of-life outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1245\/s10434-025-19008-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,18]],"date-time":"2026-01-18T22:14:33Z","timestamp":1768774473000},"page":"5485-5494","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Prospective Phase II Multicenter Trial of Ablation after Breast Lumpectomy Added To Extend (ABLATE) Intraoperative Margins for the Sole Local Treatment of Breast Cancer"],"prefix":"10.1245","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Kristalyn","family":"Gallagher","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sheldon","family":"Feldman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Julie","family":"Barone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joshua","family":"Mammen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Barone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniela","family":"Ochoa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marilee","family":"McGinness","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Frazer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rebecca","family":"Viscusi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Julie E.","family":"Lang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jeannette","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Laura L.","family":"Adkins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sherry","family":"Johnson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ronda","family":"Henry-Tillman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Soheila","family":"Korourian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"V. Suzanne","family":"Klimberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,18]]},"reference":[{"issue":"16","key":"19008_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1227","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa020989","volume":"347","author":"U Veronesi","year":"2002","unstructured":"Veronesi U, Cascinelli N, Mariani L, et al. Twenty-year follow-up of a randomized study comparing breast-conserving surgery with radical mastectomy for early breast cancer. N Engl J Med. 2002;347(16):1227\u201332.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"19008_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4141","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2002.11.101","volume":"20","author":"B Fisher","year":"2002","unstructured":"Fisher B, Bryant J, Dignam JJ, et al. Tamoxifen, radiation therapy, or both for prevention of ipsilateral breast tumor recurrence after lumpectomy in women with invasive breast cancers of one centimeter or less. J Clin Oncol. 2002;20:4141\u20139.","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"1","key":"19008_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"622","DOI":"10.4081\/gh.2018.622","volume":"13","author":"Y Lin","year":"2018","unstructured":"Lin Y, Wimberly MC, Da Rosa P, Hoover J, Athas WF. Geographic access to radiation therapy facilities and disparities of early-stage breast cancer treatment. Geospat Health. 2018;13(1):622.","journal-title":"Geospat Health"},{"key":"19008_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(04)01412-3","volume":"5","author":"JS Vaidya","year":"2004","unstructured":"Vaidya JS, Tobias JS, Baum M, et al. Intraoperative radiotherapy for breast cancer. Lancet Oncol. 2004;5:165\u201373.","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol"},{"key":"19008_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2004.10.007","volume":"15","author":"JS Vaidya","year":"2005","unstructured":"Vaidya JS, Tobias JS, Baum M, et al. Targeted Intraoperative radiotherapy (TARGIT): an innovative approach to partial-breast irradiation. Semin Radiat Oncol. 2005;15:84\u201391.","journal-title":"Semin Radiat Oncol"},{"key":"19008_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"967","DOI":"10.1016\/0360-3016(82)90163-8","volume":"8","author":"RM Clark","year":"1982","unstructured":"Clark RM, Wilkinson RH, Mahoney LJ, Reid JG, MacDonald WD. Breast cancer: a 21 year experience with conservative surgery and radiation. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 1982;8:967\u201379.","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"key":"19008_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1049","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(19840301)53:5<1049::AID-CNCR2820530506>3.0.CO;2-O","volume":"53","author":"SJ Schnitt","year":"1984","unstructured":"Schnitt SJ, Connolly JL, Harris JR, Hellman S, Cohen RB. Pathologic predictors of early local recurrence in stage I and II breast cancer treated by primary radiation therapy. Cancer. 1984;53:1049\u201357.","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"19008_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1016\/0167-8140(90)90163-Q","volume":"19","author":"J Boyages","year":"1990","unstructured":"Boyages J, Recht A, Connolly JL, et al. Early breast cancer: predictors of breast recurrence for patients treated with conservative surgery and radiation therapy. Radiother Oncol. 1990;19:29\u201341.","journal-title":"Radiother Oncol"},{"issue":"2","key":"19008_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2016.05.008","volume":"96","author":"JS Vaidya","year":"2016","unstructured":"Vaidya JS, Bulsara M, Wenz F, Coombs N, Singer J, Ebbs S, Massarut S, Saunders C, Douek M, Williams NR, Joseph D, Tobias JS, Baum M. Reduced mortality with partial-breast irradiation for early breast cancer: a meta-analysis of randomized trials. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2016;96(2):259\u201365.","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"issue":"73","key":"19008_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3310\/hta20730","volume":"20","author":"JS Vaidya","year":"2016","unstructured":"Vaidya JS, Wenz F, Bulsara M, et al. An international randomised controlled trial to compare TARGeted Intraoperative radioTherapy (TARGIT) with conventional postoperative radiotherapy after breast-conserving surgery for women with early-stage breast cancer (the TARGIT-A trial). Health Technol Assess. 2016;20(73):1\u2013188.","journal-title":"Health Technol Assess"},{"key":"19008_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"963","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa040595","volume":"351","author":"AW Fyles","year":"2004","unstructured":"Fyles AW, McCready DR, Manchul LA, et al. Tamoxifen with or without breast irradiation in women 50 years of age or older with early breast cancer. N Engl J Med. 2004;351:963\u201370.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"19","key":"19008_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2382","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2012.45.2615","volume":"31","author":"KS Hughes","year":"2013","unstructured":"Hughes KS, Schnaper LA, Bellon JR, et al. Lumpectomy plus tamoxifen with or without irradiation in women age 70 years or older with early breast cancer: long-term follow-up of CALGB 9343. J Clin Oncol. 2013;31(19):2382\u20137.","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"3","key":"19008_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"553","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2013.11.012","volume":"88","author":"MS Moran","year":"2014","unstructured":"Moran MS, Schnitt SJ, Giuliano AE, Harris JR, Khan SA, Horton J, Klimberg S, Chavez-MacGregor M, Freedman G, Houssami N, Johnson PL, Morrow M. Society of Surgical Oncology-American Society for Radiation Oncology consensus guideline on margins for breast-conserving surgery with whole-breast irradiation in stages I and II invasive breast cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2014;88(3):553\u201364.","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"key":"19008_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1245\/s10434-016-5727-9","author":"SA Mihalcik","year":"2017","unstructured":"Mihalcik SA, Rawal B, Braunstein LZ, et al. The impact of reexcision and residual disease on local recurrence following breast-conserving therapy. Ann Surg Oncol. 2017. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1245\/s10434-016-5727-9.","journal-title":"Ann Surg Oncol"},{"key":"19008_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6288","DOI":"10.1245\/s10434-022-12127-6","volume":"29","author":"JM Chakedis","year":"2022","unstructured":"Chakedis JM, Tang A, Savitz A, et al. Economic impact of reducing reexcision rates after breast-conserving surgery in a large, integrated health system. Ann Surg Oncol. 2022;29:6288\u201396. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1245\/s10434-022-12127-6.","journal-title":"Ann Surg Oncol"},{"key":"19008_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1007\/s10549-023-06905-3","volume":"199","author":"LR Fauveau","year":"2023","unstructured":"Fauveau LR, Dao TN, Wallace LB, et al. Positive surgical margins after breast-conserving surgery for ductal carcinoma in-situ: does histologic grade or estrogen receptor status matter? Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2023;199:215\u201320. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10549-023-06905-3.","journal-title":"Breast Cancer Res Treat"},{"key":"19008_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103749","DOI":"10.1016\/j.breast.2024.103749","volume":"76","author":"GP Dowling","year":"2024","unstructured":"Dowling GP, Hehir CM, Daly GR, Hembrecht S, Keelan S, Giblin K, Alrawashdeh MM, Boland F, Hill ADK. Diagnostic accuracy of intraoperative methods for margin assessment in breast cancer surgery: a systematic review & meta-analysis. Breast. 2024;76:103749. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.breast.2024.103749.","journal-title":"Breast."},{"issue":"4","key":"19008_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.4251\/wjgo.v5.i4.71","volume":"5","author":"DR Shah","year":"2013","unstructured":"Shah DR, Green S, Elliot A, McGahan JP, Khatri VP. Current oncologic applications of radiofrequency ablation therapies. World J Gastrointest Oncol. 2013;5(4):71\u201380.","journal-title":"World J Gastrointest Oncol."},{"key":"19008_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1422","DOI":"10.1245\/s10434-006-9151-4","volume":"13","author":"VS Klimberg","year":"2006","unstructured":"Klimberg VS, Kepple J, Shafirstein G, et al. eRFA: excision followed by RFA \u2013 A new technique to improved local control in breast cancer. Ann Surg Oncol. 2006;13:1422\u201333.","journal-title":"Ann Surg Oncol."},{"issue":"4","key":"19008_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"741","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamcollsurg.2013.12.032","volume":"218","author":"VS Klimberg","year":"2013","unstructured":"Klimberg VS, Ochoa D, Henry-Tillman R, Hardee M, Boneti C, et al. Long-term results of phase II ablation after breast lumpectomy added to extend intraoperative margins (ABLATE1) trial. J Am Coll Surg. 2013;218(4):741\u20139.","journal-title":"J Am Coll Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"19008_CR21","first-page":"2","volume":"16","author":"VS Klimberg","year":"2009","unstructured":"Klimberg VS, Badgwell BD, Adkins LL, Smith M, Korourian K. Can we eliminate radiotherapy after breast conservation therapy?-Results of a phase II Trial of eRFA. Ann Surg Oncol. 2009;16(1):2.","journal-title":"Ann Surg Oncol"},{"key":"19008_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3192","DOI":"10.1245\/s10434-012-2476-2","volume":"19","author":"M Wilson","year":"2012","unstructured":"Wilson M, Korourian S, Boneti C, et al. Long-term results of excision followed by radiofrequency ablation as the sole means of local therapy for breast cancer. Ann Surg Oncol. 2012;19:3192\u20138.","journal-title":"Ann Surg Oncol"},{"issue":"8","key":"19008_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2618","DOI":"10.1245\/s10434-012-2293-7","volume":"19","author":"A Mackey","year":"2012","unstructured":"Mackey A, Feldman S, Vaz A, Durrant L, Seaton C, Klimberg VS. Radiofrequency ablation after breast lumpectomy added to extend intraoperative margins in the treatment of breast cancer (ABLATE): a single-institution experience. Ann Surg Oncol. 2012;19(8):2618\u20139.","journal-title":"Ann Surg Oncol"},{"key":"19008_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"378","DOI":"10.1245\/s10434-010-1230-x","volume":"17","author":"C Arentz","year":"2010","unstructured":"Arentz C, Baxter K, Boneti C, Henry-Tillman R, Westbrook K, Klimberg S. 10 year Experience with Hematoma Directed Ultrasound Guided Breast Lumpectomy. Ann of Surg Oncol. 2010;17:378\u201383.","journal-title":"Ann of Surg Oncol"},{"key":"19008_CR25","unstructured":"Klimberg VS, Bland K, Westbrook K. Needle localization breast biopsy. In: Klimberg VS and Bland KI, editiors. Atlas of Breast Surgical Technique. 1st ed. Philadelphia: Elsevier; 2010. Pp. 115\u2013122"},{"issue":"5","key":"19008_CR26","first-page":"421","volume":"64","author":"C Boneti","year":"2012","unstructured":"Boneti C, Badgwell B, Robertson Y, Korourian S, Adkins L, Klimberg V. Axillary reverse mapping (ARM): initial results of phase II trial in preventing lymphedema after lymphadenectomy. Minerva Ginecol. 2012;64(5):421\u201330.","journal-title":"Minerva Ginecol"},{"issue":"5","key":"19008_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"987","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0000000000001778","volume":"265","author":"E Tummel","year":"2017","unstructured":"Tummel E, Ochoa D, Korourian S, Betzold R, Adkins L, McCarthy M, Hung S, Kalkwarf K, Gallagher K, Lee JY, Klimberg VS. Does axillary reverse mapping prevent lymphedema after lymphadenectomy? Ann Surg. 2017;265(5):987\u201392.","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"issue":"6","key":"19008_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"586","DOI":"10.3109\/02656731003801469","volume":"26","author":"VM Nahirnyak","year":"2010","unstructured":"Nahirnyak VM, Moros EG, Nov\u00e1k P, Suzanne Klimberg V, Shafirstein G. Doppler signals observed during high temperature thermal ablation are the result of boiling. Int J Hyperthermia. 2010;26(6):586\u201393.","journal-title":"Int J Hyperthermia"},{"key":"19008_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1016\/0360-3016(79)90729-6","volume":"5","author":"JR Harris","year":"1979","unstructured":"Harris JR, Levene MB, Svensson G, Hellman S. Analysis of cosmetic results following primary radiation threapy for stages I and II carcinoma of the breast. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 1979;5:257\u201361.","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"issue":"4","key":"19008_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1016\/S1507-1367(05)71091-9","volume":"10","author":"M Golen","year":"2005","unstructured":"Golen M, Skladowski K, Wygoda A, et al. A comparison of two scoring systems for late radiation toxicity in patients after radiotherapy for head and neck cancer. Rep Pract Oncol Radiother. 2005;10(4):179\u201392.","journal-title":"Rep Pract Oncol Radiother"},{"key":"19008_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1016\/S0959-8049(00)00353-1","volume":"37","author":"P Hopwood","year":"2001","unstructured":"Hopwood P, Fletcher I, Lee A, Ghazal AIS. A body image scale for use with cancer patients. Eur J Cancer. 2001;37:189\u201397.","journal-title":"Eur J Cancer"},{"key":"19008_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-9681(87)90010-5","volume":"40","author":"JC Lasry","year":"1987","unstructured":"Lasry JC, Margolese RG, Poisson R, et al. Depression and body image following mastectomy and lumpectomy. J Chron Dis. 1987;40:529\u201334.","journal-title":"J Chron Dis"},{"issue":"3","key":"19008_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"651","DOI":"10.1016\/S0360-3016(02)04120-2","volume":"55","author":"F Fehlauer","year":"2003","unstructured":"Fehlauer F, Tribius S, Holler U, et al. Long-term radiation sequelae after breast-conserving therapy in women with early-stage breast cancer: an observational study using the LENT-SOMA scoring system. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2003;55(3):651\u20138.","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"key":"19008_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1080\/01621459.1958.10501452","volume":"53","author":"EL Kaplan","year":"1958","unstructured":"Kaplan EL. Nonparametric estimator from incomplete observations. J Am Stat Assoc. 1958;53:457\u201381.","journal-title":"J Am Stat Assoc"},{"key":"19008_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"740","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers2020740","volume":"2","author":"AR Skandarajah","year":"2010","unstructured":"Skandarajah AR, Mann. Do all patients require radiotherapy after breast-conserving surgery? Cancer. 2010;2:740\u201351.","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"issue":"6","key":"19008_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0906260","volume":"362","author":"TJ Whelan","year":"2010","unstructured":"Whelan TJ, Pignol JP, Levine MN, et al. Long-term results of hypofractionated radiation therapy for breast cancer. N Engl J Med. 2010;362(6):513\u201320.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med."},{"issue":"370","key":"19008_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.m2836","volume":"19","author":"JS Vaidya","year":"2020","unstructured":"Vaidya JS, Bulsara M, Baum M, et al. Long term survival and local control outcomes from single dose targeted intraoperative radiotherapy during lumpectomy (TARGIT-IORT) for early breast cancer: TARGIT-A randomised clinical trial. BMJ. 2020;19(370):m2836.","journal-title":"BMJ."},{"key":"19008_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Early Breast Cancer Trialists\u2019 Collaborative Group. Favorable and unfavourable effects on long-term survival of radiotherapy for early breast cancer: an overview of the randomized trials. Lancet 2000;355: 1757-1770","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(00)02263-7"},{"key":"19008_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"603","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(13)61950-9","volume":"383","author":"JS Vaidya","year":"2014","unstructured":"Vaidya JS, Wenz F, Bulsara M, et al. TARGIT trialists\u2019 group Risk-adapted targeted intraoperative radiotherapy versus whole-breast radiotherapy for breast cancer: 5-year results for local control and overall survival from the TARGIT-A randomised trial. Lancet. 2014;383:603\u201313. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0140-6736(13)61950-9.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"1","key":"19008_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2016.04.024","volume":"96","author":"T Corica","year":"2016","unstructured":"Corica T, Nowak AK, Saunders CM, et al. Cosmesis and Breast-related quality of life outcomes after intraoperative radiation therapy for early breast cancer: a substudy of the TARGIT-A trial. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2016;96(1):55\u201364.","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys."},{"issue":"6","key":"19008_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"726","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brachy.2022.07.004","volume":"21","author":"B Anderson","year":"2022","unstructured":"Anderson B, Arthur D, Hannoun-Levi JM. Partial breast irradiation: an updated consensus statement from the American brachytherapy society. Brachytherapy. 2022;21(6):726\u201347. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.brachy.2022.07.004.","journal-title":"Brachytherapy"}],"container-title":["Annals of Surgical Oncology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1245\/s10434-025-19008-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1245\/s10434-025-19008-8","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1245\/s10434-025-19008-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,15]],"date-time":"2026-05-15T18:27:31Z","timestamp":1778869651000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1245\/s10434-025-19008-8"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,18]]},"references-count":41,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]}},"alternative-id":["19008"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1245\/s10434-025-19008-8","relation":{},"ISSN":["1068-9265","1534-4681"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1068-9265","type":"print"},{"value":"1534-4681","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,18]]},"assertion":[{"value":"10 September 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"23 December 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"18 January 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"Initial Grant from AngioDynamics, Inc. and Patent on Technique by Klimberg (U.S. Appl. 2005\/0000525A1). Grant from the Fashion Footwear Association of New York (FFANY\/QVC), Supported by the Tenenbaum Breast Cancer Research Fund, Little Rock, Arkansas. Supported by a grant from the University of Arkansas for Translational Research Institute\/Arkansas Breast Cancer Research Program (CTSA Grant Award #UL1TR000039). Julie Lang reports being on the Novartis advisory board.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Disclosure"}}]}}