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T2DM was stratified between insulin-dependent (ID) and noninsulin-dependent (NID) subtypes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In 31,909 patients treated\u00a0with PN, rates of ID-T2DM versus NID-T2DM were 3.5% versus 20.0%, and 3.4% versus 20.9% in 57,029 patients treated with\u00a0RN. During the study period, ID-T2DM rates increased from 0.02% to 5.4% (270-fold) in PN and from 0.3% to 6.3% (21-fold) in RN. NID-T2DM rates increased from 17.4% to 20.2% (1.2-fold) in PN and from 17.0% to 21.6% (1.3-fold) in RN. After PSM, patients with ID-T2DM who underwent\u00a0PN (1109 versus 5545 nondiabetic controls) exhibited higher rates of adverse in-hospital outcomes with significant increases in six examined categories (7.9\u20132.3%; OR 1.6\u20131.3). ID-T2DM had a weaker effect (6.0\u20130.6%; OR 3.0\u20131.2) in patients treated\u00a0with RN (1961 versus 3922 controls). Finally, NID-T2DM exerted a modest effect (3.5\u20132.5%, OR 1.4\u20131.2) in patients treated\u00a0with PN (6400 versus 6400 controls) and the weakest effect (2.6\u20130.8%, OR 1.2\u20131.1) in patients treated\u00a0with RN (11,924 versus 11,924 controls).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Although ID-T2DM is relatively rare, its rates increased drastically over time. ID-T2DM was most strongly associated with adverse in-hospital outcomes in patients treated\u00a0with PN, both in absolute and relative terms. Therefore, patients with ID-T2DM undergoing PN may represent a particularly relevant target population for perioperative management optimization with respect to surgical risk.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1245\/s10434-026-19225-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,27]],"date-time":"2026-02-27T18:58:52Z","timestamp":1772218732000},"page":"5874-5883","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Versus Adverse In-Hospital Outcomes After Partial or Radical Nephrectomy"],"prefix":"10.1245","volume":"33","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-5715-9965","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maximilian","family":"Filzmayer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michele","family":"Nicolazzini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Calogero","family":"Catanzaro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Federico","family":"Polverino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michele","family":"Petix","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leonardo","family":"Quarta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jordan A.","family":"Goyal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alessandro","family":"Volpe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Riccardo","family":"Schiavina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicola","family":"Longo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gennaro","family":"Musi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alberto","family":"Briganti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shahrokh F.","family":"Shariat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mike","family":"Wenzel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marina","family":"Kosiba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Clara","family":"Humke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fred","family":"Saad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Felix K.-H.","family":"Chun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pierre I.","family":"Karakiewicz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,27]]},"reference":[{"issue":"10467","key":"19225_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2077","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(24)02317-1","volume":"404","author":"B Zhou","year":"2024","unstructured":"Zhou B, Rayner AW, Gregg EW, et al. 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Goyal, Alessandro Volpe, Riccardo Schiavina, Nicola Longo, Gennaro Musi, Alberto Briganti, Shahrokh F. Shariat, Mike Wenzel, Marina Kosiba, Clara Humke, Fred Saad, Felix K.-H. Chun and Pierre I. Karakiewicz have no conflicts of interest to declare that may be relevant to the contents of this study. Maximilian Filzmayer was awarded a scholarship by the STIFTUNG GIERSCH.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Disclosure"}},{"value":"Owing to the anonymously coded design of the NIS database, study-specific Institutional Review Board ethics approval was not required.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical Approval"}},{"value":"Not applicable","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Informed Consent"}}]}}