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Patients who received chemotherapy were categorized into complete response, partial response, stable disease, and progressive disease groups and further subdivided into resected and non-resected subgroups. Survival outcomes and prognostic factors were evaluated.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The number of patients in the complete response\/partial response, stable disease, and progressive disease groups was 867, 550, and 195, respectively. Among the progressive disease group, 111 patients (57%) underwent hepatectomy. Their postoperative 5\u00a0year overall survival rate was 42.7%, which was significantly lower than that of the resected-complete response\/partial response (62.0%,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt;0.001) and resected-stable disease groups (55.5%;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt;0.001). However, overall survival from the date of colorectal liver metastases diagnosis of the resected-progressive disease group was better than that of the non-resected-partial response group (5\u00a0year, 46.5% vs 11.4%,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt;0.001). Multivariate analysis performed on the resected-progressive disease group revealed preoperative carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) \u2265100 ng\/mL and metachronous colorectal liver metastases as independent predictors of poor overall survival.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Although progressive disease after chemotherapy generally indicated poor prognosis, it should not be an absolute contraindication for hepatectomy. Preoperative CEA \u2265100 ng\/mL and metachronous colorectal liver metastases may identify a higher-risk subset and should be considered when determining surgical indications.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1245\/s10434-026-20283-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T16:55:26Z","timestamp":1785603326000},"page":"10001-10012","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Hepatectomy After Progressive Disease Following Chemotherapy for Colorectal Liver Metastases: A Japanese Nationwide Cohort Study"],"prefix":"10.1245","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Kazuki","family":"Kobayashi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoji","family":"Kishi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Naoto","family":"Yonamine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takazumi","family":"Tsunenari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mikiya","family":"Takao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takahiro","family":"Einama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hironori","family":"Tsujimoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hideki","family":"Ueno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hirotoshi","family":"Kobayashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Toru","family":"Beppu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Megumi","family":"Ishiguro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kiyoshi","family":"Hasegawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kazushige","family":"Kawai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"20283_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1002\/ags3.12071","volume":"2","author":"E Oki","year":"2018","unstructured":"Oki E, Ando K, Nakanishi R, et al. 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