{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T01:52:20Z","timestamp":1791251540166,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791158400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791158400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82503694"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82503694"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Ann Surg Oncol"],"DOI":"10.1245\/s10434-026-20656-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T13:02:19Z","timestamp":1791205339000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Preoperative Myasthenia Gravis and Five-Year Outcomes After Thymoma Resection: A Multicenter Cohort Study"],"prefix":"10.1245","author":[{"given":"Hongmu","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhiheng","family":"Yao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yazhi","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenjie","family":"Yuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leqi","family":"Zhong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhenyu","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Weixiong","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Weichen","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chun","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bin","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"20656_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1258","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtho.2022.08.007","volume":"17","author":"CB Falkson","year":"2022","unstructured":"Falkson CB, Vella ET, Ellis PM, Maziak DE, Ung YC, Yu E. Surgical, radiation, and systemic treatments of patients with thymic epithelial tumors: A clinical practice guideline. J Thorac Oncol. 2022;17:1258\u201375.","journal-title":"J Thorac Oncol."},{"issue":"7 Suppl 3","key":"20656_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S1698","DOI":"10.1097\/JTO.0b013e31821e7b12","volume":"6","author":"F Detterbeck","year":"2011","unstructured":"Detterbeck F, Youssef S, Ruffini E, Okumura M. A review of prognostic factors in thymic malignancies. J Thorac Oncol. 2011;6(7 Suppl 3):S1698\u2013704.","journal-title":"J Thorac Oncol."},{"key":"20656_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1413","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtcvs.2005.07.026","volume":"130","author":"CD Wright","year":"2005","unstructured":"Wright CD, Wain JC, Wong DR, et al. Predictors of recurrence in thymic tumors: Importance of invasion, World Health Organization histology, and size. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2005;130:1413\u201321.","journal-title":"J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg."},{"key":"20656_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtcvs.2020.05.048","volume":"162","author":"JK Yun","year":"2021","unstructured":"Yun JK, Kim HR, Kim DK, et al. Tumor size as a prognostic factor in limited-stage thymic epithelial tumors: A multicenter analysis. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2021;162:309-17.e9.","journal-title":"J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg."},{"issue":"9 Suppl 2","key":"20656_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S143","DOI":"10.1097\/JTO.0000000000000300","volume":"9","author":"A Evoli","year":"2014","unstructured":"Evoli A, Lancaster E. Paraneoplastic disorders in thymoma patients. J Thorac Oncol. 2014;9(9 Suppl 2):S143\u20137.","journal-title":"J Thorac Oncol."},{"key":"20656_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2004.06.090","volume":"79","author":"K Kondo","year":"2005","unstructured":"Kondo K, Monden Y. Thymoma and myasthenia gravis: A clinical study of 1,089 patients from Japan. Ann Thorac Surg. 2005;79:219\u201324.","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg."},{"key":"20656_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1510","DOI":"10.1093\/ejcts\/ezv380","volume":"49","author":"J Nakajima","year":"2016","unstructured":"Nakajima J, Okumura M, Yano M, et al. Myasthenia gravis with thymic epithelial tumour: A retrospective analysis of a Japanese database. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 2016;49:1510\u20135.","journal-title":"Eur J Cardiothorac Surg."},{"key":"20656_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"711","DOI":"10.21037\/jtd.2016.02.07","volume":"8","author":"F Wang","year":"2016","unstructured":"Wang F, Pang L, Fu J, et al. Postoperative survival for patients with thymoma complicating myasthenia gravis: Preliminary retrospective results of the ChART database. J Thorac Dis. 2016;8:711\u20137.","journal-title":"J Thorac Dis."},{"key":"20656_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"338","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lungcan.2015.03.007","volume":"88","author":"PL Filosso","year":"2015","unstructured":"Filosso PL, Evangelista A, Ruffini E, et al. Does myasthenia gravis influence overall survival and cumulative incidence of recurrence in thymoma patients? A retrospective clinicopathological multicentre analysis on 797 patients. Lung Cancer. 2015;88:338\u201343.","journal-title":"Lung Cancer."},{"key":"20656_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.1093\/icvts\/ivab074","volume":"33","author":"W Tian","year":"2021","unstructured":"Tian W, Li X, Sun Y, et al. Myasthenia gravis affects overall survival in patients with thymoma: An analysis of multicentre database using propensity score matching. Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg. 2021;33:250\u20137.","journal-title":"Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg."},{"key":"20656_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1407830","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2024.1407830","volume":"11","author":"K Zhao","year":"2024","unstructured":"Zhao K, Liu Y, Jing M, et al. Long-term prognosis in patients with thymoma combined with myasthenia gravis: A propensity score-matching analysis. Front Med (Lausanne). 2024;11:1407830.","journal-title":"Front Med (Lausanne)."},{"key":"20656_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2414","DOI":"10.21037\/gs-2025-401","volume":"14","author":"J Yang","year":"2025","unstructured":"Yang J, Lee YB, Kim KW. Advanced Masaoka-Koga stage as an independent predictor of thymoma recurrence after complete resection: myasthenia gravis was not an independent factor. Gland Surg. 2025;14:2414\u201323.","journal-title":"Gland Surg."},{"key":"20656_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2009.08.074","volume":"89","author":"S Margaritora","year":"2010","unstructured":"Margaritora S, Cesario A, Cusumano G, et al. Thirty-five-year follow-up analysis of clinical and pathologic outcomes of thymoma surgery. Ann Thorac Surg. 2010;89:245\u201352.","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg."},{"key":"20656_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e30867","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000030867","volume":"101","author":"J Li","year":"2022","unstructured":"Li J, Liu Y, Zhang X, Zheng X, Qi G. Prognostic factors for overall survival after surgical resection in patients with thymic epithelial tumors: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore). 2022;101:e30867. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/MD.0000000000030867.","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)."},{"key":"20656_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-4975(00)01595-2","volume":"70","author":"A Jaretzki","year":"2000","unstructured":"Jaretzki A, Barohn RJ, Ernstoff RM, et al. Myasthenia gravis: Recommendations for clinical research standards. Ann Thorac Surg. 2000;70:327\u201334.","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg."},{"key":"20656_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000011124","volume":"96","author":"P Narayanaswami","year":"2021","unstructured":"Narayanaswami P, Sanders DB, Wolfe G, et al. International consensus guidance for management of myasthenia gravis: 2020 update. Neurology. 2021;96:114\u201322.","journal-title":"Neurology."},{"key":"20656_CR17","unstructured":"WHO Classification of Tumours Editorial Board. Thoracic tumours. 5th ed. Vol 5. International Agency for Research on Cancer; 2021."},{"issue":"7 Suppl 3","key":"20656_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S1710","DOI":"10.1097\/JTO.0b013e31821e8cff","volume":"6","author":"FC Detterbeck","year":"2011","unstructured":"Detterbeck FC, Nicholson AG, Kondo K, Van Schil P, Moran C. The Masaoka-Koga stage classification for thymic malignancies: Clarification and definition of terms. J Thorac Oncol. 2011;6(7 Suppl 3):S1710\u20136.","journal-title":"J Thorac Oncol."},{"issue":"7 Suppl 3","key":"20656_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S1739","DOI":"10.1097\/JTO.0b013e31821ea553","volume":"6","author":"A Toker","year":"2011","unstructured":"Toker A, Sonett J, Zielinski M, Rea F, Tomulescu V, Detterbeck FC. Standard terms, definitions, and policies for minimally invasive resection of thymoma. J Thorac Oncol. 2011;6(7 Suppl 3):S1739\u201342.","journal-title":"J Thorac Oncol."},{"issue":"12","key":"20656_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1638","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtho.2023.08.024","volume":"18","author":"M Okumura","year":"2023","unstructured":"Okumura M, Marino M, Cilento V, et al. The International association for the study of lung cancer thymic epithelial tumor staging project: Proposal for the T component for the forthcoming (ninth) edition of the TNM classification of malignant tumors. J Thorac Oncol. 2023;18(12):1638\u201354.","journal-title":"J Thorac Oncol."},{"issue":"1","key":"20656_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtho.2023.09.1447","volume":"19","author":"W Fang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Fang W, Girard N, Cilento V, et al. The international association for the study of lung cancer thymic epithelial tumors staging project: Proposals for the N and the M components for the forthcoming (ninth) edition of the TNM classification of malignant tumors. J Thorac Oncol. 2024;19(1):52\u201370.","journal-title":"J Thorac Oncol."},{"issue":"12","key":"20656_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1655","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtho.2023.09.002","volume":"18","author":"E Ruffini","year":"2023","unstructured":"Ruffini E, Huang J, Cilento V, et al. The international association for the study of lung cancer thymic epithelial tumors staging project: Proposal for a stage classification for the forthcoming (ninth) edition of the TNM classification of malignant tumors. J Thorac Oncol. 2023;18(12):1655\u201371.","journal-title":"J Thorac Oncol."},{"issue":"9","key":"20656_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1097\/JTO.0000000000000293","volume":"9","author":"FY Bhora","year":"2014","unstructured":"Bhora FY, Chen DJ, Detterbeck FC. The ITMIG\/IASLC Thymic Epithelial Tumors Staging Project: A proposed lymph node map for thymic epithelial tumors in the forthcoming 8th edition of the TNM classification of malignant tumors. J Thorac Oncol. 2014;9(9):88\u201396.","journal-title":"J Thorac Oncol."},{"key":"20656_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtho.2025.09.1757","volume":"21","author":"W Fang","year":"2026","unstructured":"Fang W, Detterbeck F, Ackman JB, et al. International Thymic Malignancy Interest Group standard definitions, policies, and reporting measures for thymic epithelial tumors. J Thorac Oncol. 2026;21:102\u201311.","journal-title":"J Thorac Oncol."},{"key":"20656_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3661","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.6607","volume":"34","author":"PC Austin","year":"2015","unstructured":"Austin PC, Stuart EA. Moving towards best practice when using inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) using the propensity score to estimate causal treatment effects in observational studies. Stat Med. 2015;34:3661\u201379.","journal-title":"Stat Med."},{"key":"20656_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"496","DOI":"10.1080\/01621459.1999.10474144","volume":"94","author":"JP Fine","year":"1999","unstructured":"Fine JP, Gray RJ. A proportional hazards model for the subdistribution of a competing risk. J Am Stat Assoc. 1999;94:496\u2013509.","journal-title":"J Am Stat Assoc."},{"key":"20656_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1093\/pan\/mpr025","volume":"20","author":"J Hainmueller","year":"2012","unstructured":"Hainmueller J. Entropy balancing for causal effects: a multivariate reweighting method to produce balanced samples in observational studies. Polit Anal. 2012;20:25\u201346. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/pan\/mpr025.","journal-title":"Polit Anal."},{"key":"20656_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2083","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.14820","volume":"28","author":"R \u00c1lvarez-Velasco","year":"2021","unstructured":"\u00c1lvarez-Velasco R, Guti\u00e9rrez-Guti\u00e9rrez G, Trujillo JC, et al. Clinical characteristics and outcomes of thymoma-associated myasthenia gravis. Eur J Neurol. 2021;28:2083\u201391.","journal-title":"Eur J Neurol."},{"key":"20656_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1061264","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2023.1061264","volume":"13","author":"M Tang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Tang M, Shao Y, Dong J, et al. Risk factors for postoperative myasthenia gravis in patients with thymoma without myasthenia gravis: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Oncol. 2023;13:1061264.","journal-title":"Front Oncol."}],"container-title":["Annals of Surgical Oncology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1245\/s10434-026-20656-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1245\/s10434-026-20656-7","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1245\/s10434-026-20656-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T01:05:42Z","timestamp":1791248742000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1245\/s10434-026-20656-7"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]]},"references-count":29,"alternative-id":["20656"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1245\/s10434-026-20656-7","relation":{},"ISSN":["1068-9265","1534-4681"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1068-9265","type":"print"},{"value":"1534-4681","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"7 August 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"16 September 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"5 October 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Disclosure","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics"}},{"value":"The institutional review boards of Fujian Medical University Union Hospital (April 16, 2025; No. 2025KY123), Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center (February 12, 2026; No. SL-B2026-310-01), and the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University (April 28, 2026; No. Z0038-01) approved the study and waived individual informed consent.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethics Approval and Consent to Participate","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics"}},{"value":"OpenAI Codex assisted with language editing, document formatting, and the generation and review of R code under author supervision. The authors independently verified all analyses, numerical results, clinical interpretations, figures, and final manuscript content and take full responsibility for the work. No generative image model was used; all submitted figures were generated from the study data with author-verified R code.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","label":"Use of Artificial Intelligence","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics"}}]}}