{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,11]],"date-time":"2026-04-11T12:48:44Z","timestamp":1775911724932,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Pharmaceutical Society of Japan","issue":"8","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biological &amp; Pharmaceutical Bulletin","Biol. Pharm. Bull."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,1]]},"DOI":"10.1248\/bpb.b21-00362","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,31]],"date-time":"2021-07-31T22:07:31Z","timestamp":1627769251000},"page":"1129-1139","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Docosahexaenoic Acid and Eicosapentaenoic Acid Inhibit the Contractile Responses of the Guinea Pig Lower Gastrointestinal Tract"],"prefix":"10.1248","volume":"44","author":[{"given":"Keisuke","family":"Obara","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toho University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ayana","family":"Kawaguchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toho University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rikako","family":"Inaba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toho University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mirai","family":"Kawakita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toho University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rika","family":"Yamaguchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toho University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Haruna","family":"Yamashita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toho University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Keyue","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toho University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Guanghan","family":"Ou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toho University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fumiko","family":"Yamaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toho University"},{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Musashino University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kento","family":"Yoshioka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toho University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yoshio","family":"Tanaka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toho University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"163","reference":[{"key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"1) Bang HO, Dyerberg J, Hj\u00f8rne N. The composition of food consumed by Greenland Eskimos. <i>Acta Med. Scand.<\/i>, <b>200<\/b>, 69\u201373 (1976).","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0954-6820.1976.tb08198.x"},{"key":"2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"2) Sakamoto A, Saotome M, Iguchi K, Maekawa Y. Marine-derived omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and heart failure: current understanding for basic to clinical relevance. <i>Int. J. Mol. Sci.<\/i>, <b>20<\/b>, 4025 (2019).","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms20164025"},{"key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"3) Backes J, Anzalone D, Hilleman D, Catini J. The clinical relevance of omega-3 fatty acids in the management of hypertriglyceridemia. <i>Lipids Health Dis.<\/i>, <b>15<\/b>, 118 (2016).","DOI":"10.1186\/s12944-016-0286-4"},{"key":"4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"4) Manzi L, Costantini L, Molinari R, Merendino N. Effect of dietary \u03c9-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid DHA on glycolytic enzymes and Warburg phenotypes in cancer. <i>BioMed Res. Int.<\/i>, <b>2015<\/b>, 137097 (2015).","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/137097"},{"key":"5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"5) Z\u00e1rate R, El Jaber-Vazdekis N, Tejera N, P\u00e9rez JA, Rodr\u00edguez C. Significance of long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids in human health. <i>Clin. Transl. Med.<\/i>, <b>6<\/b>, 25 (2017).","DOI":"10.1186\/s40169-017-0153-6"},{"key":"6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"6) Marton LT, Goulart RA, Carvalho ACA, Barbalho SM. Omega fatty acids and inflammatory bowel diseases: an overview. <i>Int. J. Mol. Sci.<\/i>, <b>20<\/b>, 4851 (2019).","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms20194851"},{"key":"7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"7) John S, Luben R, Shrestha SS, Welch A, Khaw KT, Hart AR. Dietary n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and the aetiology of ulcerative colitis: a U.K. prospective cohort study. <i>Eur. J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol.<\/i>, <b>22<\/b>, 602\u2013606 (2010).","DOI":"10.1097\/MEG.0b013e3283352d05"},{"key":"8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"8) Ananthakrishnan AN, Khalili H, Konijeti GG, Higuchi LM, de Silva P, Fuchs CS, Willett WC, Richter JM, Chan AT. Long-term intake of dietary fat and risk of ulcerative colitis and Crohn\u2019s disease. <i>Gut<\/i>, <b>63<\/b>, 776\u2013784 (2014).","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2013-305304"},{"key":"9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"9) Lorente-Cebri\u00e1n S, Costa AG, Navas-Carretero S, Zabala M, Laiglesia LM, Mart\u00ednez JA, Moreno-Aliaga MJ. An update on the role of omega-3 fatty acids on inflammatory and degenerative diseases. <i>J. Physiol. Biochem.<\/i>, <b>71<\/b>, 341\u2013349 (2015).","DOI":"10.1007\/s13105-015-0395-y"},{"key":"10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"10) Bassotti G, Antonelli E, Villanacci V, Baldoni M, Dore MP. Colonic motility in ulcerative colitis. <i>United European Gastroenterol. J.<\/i>, <b>2<\/b>, 457\u2013462 (2014).","DOI":"10.1177\/2050640614548096"},{"key":"11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"11) Abdalla SM, Kalra G, Moshiree B. Motility Evaluation in the Patient with Inflammatory Bowel Disease. <i>Gastrointest. Endosc. Clin. N. Am.<\/i>, <b>26<\/b>, 719\u2013738 (2016).","DOI":"10.1016\/j.giec.2016.06.010"},{"key":"12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"12) Mousavi T, Nikfar S, Abdollahi M. An update on efficacy and safety considerations for the latest drugs used to treat irritable bowel syndrome. <i>Expert Opin. Drug Metab. Toxicol.<\/i>, <b>16<\/b>, 583\u2013604 (2020).","DOI":"10.1080\/17425255.2020.1767067"},{"key":"13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"13) Horinouchi T, Koike K. Functional identification of \u03b2<sub>3<\/sub>-adrenoceptors in the guinea-pig ileum using the non-selective \u03b2-adrenoceptor antagonist (\u00b1)-bupranolol. <i>J. Auton. Pharmacol.<\/i>, <b>20<\/b>, 253\u2013258 (2000).","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2680.2000.00188.x"},{"key":"14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"14) Chino D, Sone T, Yamazaki K, Tsuruoka Y, Yamagishi R, Shiina S, Obara K, Yamaki F, Higai K, Tanaka Y. Pharmacological identification of \u03b2-adrenoceptor subtypes mediating isoprenaline-induced relaxation of guinea pig colonic longitudinal smooth muscle. <i>J. Smooth Muscle Res.<\/i>, <b>54<\/b>, 13\u201327 (2018).","DOI":"10.1540\/jsmr.54.13"},{"key":"15","unstructured":"15) Zheng W, Rampe D, Triggle DJ. Pharmacological, radioligand binding, and electrophysiological characteristics of FPL 64176, a novel nondihydropyridine Ca<sup>2+<\/sup> channel activator, in cardiac and vascular preparations. <i>Mol. Pharmacol.<\/i>, <b>40<\/b>, 734\u2013741 (1991)."},{"key":"16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"16) Eglen RM, Whiting RL. The action of prostanoid receptor agonists and antagonists on smooth muscle and platelets. <i>Br. J. Pharmacol.<\/i>, <b>94<\/b>, 591\u2013601 (1988).","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476-5381.1988.tb11565.x"},{"key":"17","unstructured":"17) Kurtel H, Yegen BC, Dedeoglu A, Ulusoy NB, Oktay S. Muscarinic receptor subtypes of guinea-pig gallbladder smooth muscle. <i>Arch. Int. Pharmacodyn. Ther.<\/i>, <b>308<\/b>, 39\u201346 (1990)."},{"key":"18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"18) Ehlert FJ, Sawyer GW, Esqueda EE. Contractile role of M<sub>2<\/sub> and M<sub>3<\/sub> muscarinic receptors in gastrointestinal smooth muscle. <i>Life Sci.<\/i>, <b>64<\/b>, 387\u2013394 (1999).","DOI":"10.1016\/S0024-3205(98)00584-0"},{"key":"19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"19) Takeuchi T, Tanaka K, Nakajima H, Matsui M, Azuma YT. M<sub>2<\/sub> and M<sub>3<\/sub> muscarinic receptors are involved in enteric nerve-mediated contraction of the mouse ileum: Findings obtained with muscarinic-receptor knockout mouse. <i>Am. J. Physiol. Gastrointest. Liver Physiol.<\/i>, <b>292<\/b>, G154\u2013G164 (2007).","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.00173.2006"},{"key":"20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"20) Leurs R, Brozius MM, Smit MJ, Bast A, Timmerman H. Effects of histamine H<sub>1<\/sub>-, H<sub>2<\/sub>- and H<sub>3<\/sub>-receptor selective drugs on the mechanical activity of guinea-pig small and large intestine. <i>Br. J. Pharmacol.<\/i>, <b>102<\/b>, 179\u2013185 (1991).","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476-5381.1991.tb12150.x"},{"key":"21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"21) Okada Y, Hara A, Ma H, Xiao CY, Takahata O, Kohgo Y, Narumiya S, Ushikubi F. Characterization of prostanoid receptors mediating contraction of the gastric fundus and ileum: studies using mice deficient in prostanoid receptors. <i>Br. J. Pharmacol.<\/i>, <b>131<\/b>, 745\u2013755 (2000).","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjp.0703627"},{"key":"22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"22) Hishinuma S, Shoji M. Desensitization of depolarization-mediated contractile pathways does not necessarily regulate receptor-mediated excitation\u2013contraction coupling in longitudinal smooth muscle of guinea pig ileum. <i>Clin. Exp. Pharmacol. Physiol.<\/i>, <b>38<\/b>, 233\u2013238 (2011).","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1681.2011.05491.x"},{"key":"23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"23) Muratani T, Nishizawa M, Matsumura S, Mabuchi T, Abe K, Shimamoto K, Minami T, Ito S. Functional characterization of prostaglandin F<sub>2\u03b1<\/sub> receptor in the spinal cord for tactile pain (allodynia). <i>J. Neurochem.<\/i>, <b>86<\/b>, 374\u2013382 (2003).","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1471-4159.2003.01840.x"},{"key":"24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"24) Yamaoka K, Yano A, Kuroiwa K, Morimoto K, Inazumi T, Hatae N, Tabata H, Segi-Nishida E, Tanaka S, Ichikawa A, Sugimoto Y. Prostaglandin EP<sub>3<\/sub> receptor superactivates adenylyl cyclase <i>via<\/i> the Gq\/PLC\/Ca<sup>2+<\/sup> pathway in a lipid raft-dependent manner. <i>Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun.<\/i>, <b>389<\/b>, 678\u2013682 (2009).","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2009.09.064"},{"key":"25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"25) McFadzean I, Gibson A. The developing relationship between receptor-operated and store-operated calcium channels in smooth muscle. <i>Br. J. Pharmacol.<\/i>, <b>135<\/b>, 1\u201313 (2002).","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjp.0704468"},{"key":"26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"26) Hallaq H, Smith TW, Leaf A. Modulation of dihydropyridine-sensitive calcium channels in heart cells by fish oil fatty acids. <i>Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.<\/i>, <b>89<\/b>, 1760\u20131764 (1992).","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.89.5.1760"},{"key":"27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"27) Hazama H, Nakajima T, Asano M, Iwasawa K, Morita T, Igarashi K, Nagata T, Horiuchi T, Suzuki J, Soma M, Okuda Y. Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids\u2014modulation of voltage-dependent L-type Ca<sup>2+<\/sup> current in guinea-pig tracheal smooth muscle cells. <i>Eur. J. Pharmacol.<\/i>, <b>355<\/b>, 257\u2013266 (1998).","DOI":"10.1016\/S0014-2999(98)00484-1"},{"key":"28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"28) Xiao YF, Gomez AM, Morgan JP, Lederer WJ, Leaf A. Suppression of voltage-gated L-type Ca<sup>2+<\/sup> currents by polyunsaturated fatty acids in adult and neonatal rat ventricular myocytes. <i>Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.<\/i>, <b>94<\/b>, 4182\u20134187 (1997).","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.94.8.4182"},{"key":"29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"29) Ferrier GR, Redondo I, Zhu J, Murphy MG. Differential effects of docosahexaenoic acid on contractions and L-type Ca<sup>2+<\/sup> current in adult cardiac myocytes. <i>Cardiovasc. Res.<\/i>, <b>54<\/b>, 601\u2013610 (2002).","DOI":"10.1016\/S0008-6363(02)00275-4"},{"key":"30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"30) Hirasawa A, Hara T, Ichimura A, Tsujimoto G. Free fatty acid receptors and their physiological role in metabolic regulation. <i>Yakugaku Zasshi<\/i>, <b>131<\/b>, 1683\u20131689 (2011).","DOI":"10.1248\/yakushi.131.1683"},{"key":"31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"31) Sato K, Chino D, Kobayashi T, Obara K, Miyauchi S, Tanaka Y. Selective and potent inhibitory effect of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) on U46619-induced contraction in rat aorta. <i>J. Smooth Muscle Res.<\/i>, <b>49<\/b>, 63\u201377 (2013).","DOI":"10.1540\/jsmr.49.63"},{"key":"32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"32) Sato K, Chino D, Sugimoto T, Kanai K, Obara K, Miyauchi S, Tanaka Y. Pharmacological characteristics of the inhibitory effects of docosahexaenoic acid on vascular contractions studied in rat mesenteric artery. <i>Pharmacology<\/i>, <b>93<\/b>, 229\u2013243 (2014).","DOI":"10.1159\/000360543"},{"key":"33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"33) Shimada T, Somlyo AP. Modulation of voltage-dependent Ca channel current by arachidonic acid and other long-chain fatty acids in rabbit intestinal smooth muscle. <i>J. Gen. Physiol.<\/i>, <b>100<\/b>, 27\u201344 (1992).","DOI":"10.1085\/jgp.100.1.27"},{"key":"34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"34) Pomposiello SI, Alva M, Wilde DW, Carretero OA. Linoleic acid induces relaxation and hyperpolarization of the pig coronary artery. <i>Hypertension<\/i>, <b>31<\/b>, 615\u2013620 (1998).","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.31.2.615"},{"key":"35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"35) Pritchard TJ, Bowman PS, Jefferson A, Tosun M, Lynch RM, Paul RJ. Na<sup>+<\/sup>-K<sup>+<\/sup>-ATPase and Ca<sup>2+<\/sup> clearance proteins in smooth muscle: a functional unit. <i>Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol.<\/i>, <b>299<\/b>, H548\u2013H556 (2010).","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.00527.2009"},{"key":"36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"36) Li B, Gao G, Zhang W, Li B, Yang C, Jiang X, Tian Y, Liang H. Metabolomics analysis reveals an effect of homocysteine on arachidonic acid and linoleic acid metabolism pathway. <i>Mol. Med. Rep.<\/i>, <b>17<\/b>, 6261\u20136268 (2018).","DOI":"10.3892\/mmr.2018.8643"},{"key":"37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"37) Kawajiri H, Hsi LC, Kamitani H, Ikawa H, Geller M, Ward T, Eling TE, Glasgow WC. Arachidonic and linoleic acid metabolism in mouse intestinal tissue: evidence for novel lipoxygenase activity. <i>Arch. Biochem. Biophys.<\/i>, <b>398<\/b>, 51\u201360 (2002).","DOI":"10.1006\/abbi.2001.2685"},{"key":"38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"38) Ishizaki T, Takahashi H, Ozawa T, Chang SW, Voelkel NF. Leukotoxin, 9,10-epoxy-12-octadecenoate causes pulmonary vasodilation in rats. <i>Am. J. Physiol.<\/i>, <b>268<\/b>, L123\u2013L128 (1995).","DOI":"10.1152\/ajplung.1995.268.1.L123"},{"key":"39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"39) Clermont V, Grangeon A, Barama A, Turgeon J, Lallier M, Malaise J, Michaud V. Activity and mRNA expression levels of selected cytochromes P450 in various sections of the human small intestine. <i>Br. J. Clin. Pharmacol.<\/i>, <b>85<\/b>, 1367\u20131377 (2019).","DOI":"10.1111\/bcp.13908"},{"key":"40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"40) Yoshikawa S, Fukunaga Y, Takeuchi T, Nishio H, Hata F. Modulation of acetylcholine release from the myenteric plexus of guinea-pig ileum by 5-lipoxygenase metabolites of arachidonic acid. <i>Eur. J. Pharmacol.<\/i>, <b>239<\/b>, 261\u2013264 (1993).","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-2999(93)91008-B"},{"key":"41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"41) Schuchardt JP, Ostermann AI, Stork L, Kutzner L, Kohrs H, Greupner T, Hahn A, Schebb NH. Effects of docosahexaenoic acid supplementation on PUFA levels in red blood cells and plasma. <i>Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids<\/i>, <b>115<\/b>, 12\u201323 (2016).","DOI":"10.1016\/j.plefa.2016.10.005"},{"key":"42","unstructured":"42) Interview form for Epadel S capsules, fourth edition, revised February 2017 provided by Mochida Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. (Tokyo, Japan)."},{"key":"43","unstructured":"43) Interview form for Lotriga<sup>\u00ae<\/sup> capsules, seventh edition, revised July 2020 provided by Takeda Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. (Tokyo, Japan)."}],"container-title":["Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.jstage.jst.go.jp\/article\/bpb\/44\/8\/44_b21-00362\/_pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,8]],"date-time":"2024-05-08T04:36:47Z","timestamp":1715143007000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.jstage.jst.go.jp\/article\/bpb\/44\/8\/44_b21-00362\/_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,1]]},"references-count":43,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1248\/bpb.b21-00362","relation":{},"ISSN":["0918-6158","1347-5215"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0918-6158","type":"print"},{"value":"1347-5215","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,1]]},"article-number":"b21-00362"}}