{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,15]],"date-time":"2026-02-15T03:14:42Z","timestamp":1771125282819,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Pharmaceutical Society of Japan","issue":"12","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biological &amp; Pharmaceutical Bulletin","Biol. Pharm. Bull."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,1]]},"DOI":"10.1248\/bpb.b23-00561","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,30]],"date-time":"2023-11-30T22:27:33Z","timestamp":1701383253000},"page":"1805-1809","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Application Site of Transdermal Scopolamine Influences Efficacy and Drug Concentration in Salivary Glands in Rats"],"prefix":"10.1248","volume":"46","author":[{"given":"Natsuko","family":"Ishida","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Healthcare Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Science, Kanazawa University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yoshitaka","family":"Oshima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Healthcare Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Science, Kanazawa University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ayano","family":"Katsura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Healthcare Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Science, Kanazawa University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rikako","family":"Imamura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Healthcare Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Science, Kanazawa University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hiroshi","family":"Arakawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Healthcare Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Science, Kanazawa University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tsutomu","family":"Shimada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Pharmacokinetics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University"},{"name":"Department of Hospital Pharmacy, University Hospital, Kanazawa University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Satoshi","family":"Mizuno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Pharmacokinetics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yoshimichi","family":"Sai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Pharmacokinetics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University"},{"name":"Department of Hospital Pharmacy, University Hospital, Kanazawa University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yukio","family":"Suga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Healthcare Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Science, Kanazawa University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ryo","family":"Matsushita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Healthcare Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Science, Kanazawa University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"163","reference":[{"key":"1","unstructured":"1) Hockstein NG, Samadi DS, Gendron K, Handler SD. Sialorrhea: a management challenge. <i>Am. Fam. Physician<\/i>, <b>69<\/b>, 2628\u20132634 (2004)."},{"key":"2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"2) N\u00f3brega AC, Rodrigues B, Torres AC, Scarpel RD, Neves CA, Melo A. Is drooling secondary to a swallowing disorder in patients with Parkinson\u2019s disease? <i>Parkinsonism Relat. Disord.<\/i>, <b>14<\/b>, 243\u2013245 (2008).","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2007.08.003"},{"key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"3) Scully C, Limeres J, Gleeson M, Tom\u00e1s I, Diz P. Drooling. <i>J. Oral Pathol. Med.<\/i>, <b>38<\/b>, 321\u2013327 (2009).","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0714.2008.00727.x"},{"key":"4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"4) Giess R, Naumann M, Werner E, Riemann R, Beck M, Puls I, Reiners C, Toyka KV. Injections of botulinum toxin A into the salivary glands improve sialorrhea in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. <i>J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry<\/i>, <b>69<\/b>, 121\u2013123 (2000).","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.69.1.121"},{"key":"5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"5) Wang Y, Yang X, Han Q, Liu M, Zhou C. Prevalence of sialorrhea among amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis. <i>J. Pain Symptom Manage.<\/i>, <b>63<\/b>, e387\u2013e396 (2022).","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpainsymman.2021.12.005"},{"key":"6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"6) Nicaretta DH, de Rosso AL, Maliska C, Costa MM. Scintigraphic analysis of the parotid glands in patients with sialorrhea and Parkinson\u2019s disease. <i>Parkinsonism Relat. Disord.<\/i>, <b>14<\/b>, 338\u2013341 (2008).","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2007.07.008"},{"key":"7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"7) Damian A, Adler CH, Hentz JG, Shill HA, Caviness JN, Sabbagh MN, Evidente VG, Beach TG, Driver-Dunckley E. Autonomic function, as self-reported on the SCOPA-autonomic questionnaire, is normal in essential tremor but not in Parkinson\u2019s disease. <i>Parkinsonism Relat. Disord.<\/i>, <b>18<\/b>, 1089\u20131093 (2012).","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2012.06.008"},{"key":"8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"8) Nascimento D. Clinical features associated with drooling in Parkinson\u2019s disease. <i>Neurol. Sci.<\/i>, <b>42<\/b>, 895\u2013903 (2021).","DOI":"10.1007\/s10072-020-05005-0"},{"key":"9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"9) Parkes J, Hill N, Platt MJ, Donnelly C. Oromotor dysfunction and communication impairments in children with cerebral palsy: a register study. <i>Dev. Med. Child Neurol.<\/i>, <b>52<\/b>, 1113\u20131119 (2010).","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8749.2010.03765.x"},{"key":"10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"10) Reid SM, McCutcheon J, Reddihough DS, Johnson H. Prevalence and predictors of drooling in 7- to 14-year-old children with cerebral palsy: a population study. <i>Dev. Med. Child Neurol.<\/i>, <b>54<\/b>, 1032\u20131036 (2012).","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8749.2012.04382.x"},{"key":"11","unstructured":"11) Llena-Puy C. The role of saliva in maintaining oral health and as an aid to diagnosis. <i>Med. Oral Patol. Oral Cir. Bucal<\/i>, <b>11<\/b>, E449\u2013E455 (2006)."},{"key":"12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"12) McGeachan AJ, McDermott CJ. Management of oral secretions in neurological disease. <i>Pract. Neurol.<\/i>, <b>17<\/b>, 96\u2013103 (2017).","DOI":"10.1136\/practneurol-2016-001515"},{"key":"13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"13) Varley LP, Denieffe S, O\u2019Gorman C, Murphy A, Gooney M. A systematic review of noninvasive and invasive sialorrhoea management. <i>J. Clin. Nurs.<\/i>, <b>28<\/b>, 4190\u20134206 (2019).","DOI":"10.1111\/jocn.15009"},{"key":"14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"14) Dias BL, Fernandes AR, Maia Filho HS. Sialorrhea in children with cerebral palsy. <i>J. Pediatr.<\/i> (Rio J.), <b>92<\/b>, 549\u2013558 (2016).","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jped.2016.03.006"},{"key":"15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"15) Arbouw ME, Movig KL, Koopmann M, Poels PJ, Guchelaar HJ, Egberts TC, Neef C, van Vugt JP. Glycopyrrolate for sialorrhea in Parkinson disease: a randomized, double-blind, crossover trial. <i>Neurology<\/i>, <b>74<\/b>, 1203\u20131207 (2010).","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3181d8c1b7"},{"key":"16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"16) Rodrigues B, N\u00f3brega AC, Sampaio M, Argolo N, Melo A. Silent saliva aspiration in Parkinson\u2019s disease. <i>Mov. Disord.<\/i>, <b>26<\/b>, 138\u2013141 (2011).","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.23301"},{"key":"17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"17) Isaacson J, Patel S, Torres-Yaghi Y, Pag\u00e1n F. Sialorrhea in Parkinson\u2019s disease. <i>Toxins<\/i> (Basel), <b>12<\/b>, 691 (2020).","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins12110691"},{"key":"18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"18) Chou KL, Evatt M, Hinson V, Kompoliti K. Sialorrhea in Parkinson\u2019s disease: a review. <i>Mov. Disord.<\/i>, <b>22<\/b>, 2306\u20132313 (2007).","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.21646"},{"key":"19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"19) James E, Ellis C, Brassington R, Sathasivam S, Young CA. Treatment for sialorrhea (excessive saliva) in people with motor neuron disease\/amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. <i>Cochrane Database Syst. Rev.<\/i>, <b>5<\/b>, CD006981 (2022).","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006981.pub3"},{"key":"20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"20) Zeller RS, Davidson J, Lee HM, Cavanaugh PF. Safety and efficacy of glycopyrrolate oral solution for management of pathologic drooling in pediatric patients with cerebral palsy and other neurologic conditions. <i>Ther. Clin. Risk Manag.<\/i>, <b>8<\/b>, 25\u201332 (2012).","DOI":"10.2147\/TCRM.S27362"},{"key":"21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"21) Carranza-del Rio J, Clegg NJ, Moore A, Delgado MR. Use of trihexyphenidyl in children with cerebral palsy. <i>Pediatr. Neurol.<\/i>, <b>44<\/b>, 202\u2013206 (2011).","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pediatrneurol.2010.09.008"},{"key":"22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"22) Mato A, Limeres J, Tom\u00e1s I, Mu\u00f1oz M, Abu\u00edn C, Feijoo JF, Diz P. Management of drooling in disabled patients with scopolamine patches. <i>Br. J. Clin. Pharmacol.<\/i>, <b>69<\/b>, 684\u2013688 (2010).","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2125.2010.03659.x"},{"key":"23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"23) Hyson HC, Johnson AM, Jog MS. Sublingual atropine for sialorrhea secondary to parkinsonism: a pilot study. <i>Mov. Disord.<\/i>, <b>17<\/b>, 1318\u20131320 (2002).","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.10276"},{"key":"24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"24) Brodtkorb E, Wyzocka-Bakowska MM, Lillevold PE, Sandvik L, Saunte C, Hestnes A. Transdermal scopolamine in drooling. <i>J. Ment. Defic. Res.<\/i>, <b>32<\/b>, 233\u2013237 (1988).","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2788.1988.tb01409.x"},{"key":"25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"25) Al Jeraisy M, AlFuraih M, AlSaif R, AlKhalifah B, AlOtaibi H, Abolfotouh MA. Efficacy of scopolamine transdermal patch in children with sialorrhea in a pediatric tertiary care hospital. <i>BMC Pediatr.<\/i>, <b>20<\/b>, 437 (2020).","DOI":"10.1186\/s12887-020-02336-x"},{"key":"26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"26) Goto T, Kato M, Matsumura Y, Omata N, Yoshida M, Watanabe K, Takahashi T, Higashima M, Wada Y. Scopolamine ointment for clozapine-associated sialorrhea: a case report. <i>J. Clin. Psychopharmacol.<\/i>, <b>37<\/b>, 106\u2013107 (2017).","DOI":"10.1097\/JCP.0000000000000613"},{"key":"27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"27) Suzuki S, Aihara R, Ooki T, Matsumura N, Wada W, Mogi A, Hosouchi Y, Nishida Y, Sakai M, Sohda M, Saeki H, Shirabe K. Successful treatment of enterocutaneous fistula after esophagectomy with scopolamine ointment and negative pressure wound therapy: a case report. <i>Surg. Case Rep.<\/i>, <b>6<\/b>, 177 (2020).","DOI":"10.1186\/s40792-020-00938-2"},{"key":"28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"28) Takeuchi I, Hanya M, Uno J, Fujita K, Kamei H. Effectiveness of the repeated administration of scopolamine ointment on clozapine-induced hypersalivation in patients with treatment-resistant schizophrenia: a preliminary study. <i>Asia Pac. Psychiatry.<\/i>, <b>9<\/b>, e12269 (2017).","DOI":"10.1111\/appy.12269"},{"key":"29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"29) Maeda M, Fujita T, Amano H, Kohara H, Yamazaki A, Hirayama T, Kuroyama M, Ogino M, Nagashima K, Akutsu T, Nishiyama K, Kumagai Y. Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of a single dose of scopolamine ointment applied to the postauricular area in healthy subjects. <i>Jpn. J. Clin. Pharmacol. Ther.<\/i>, <b>49<\/b>, 53\u201358 (2018).","DOI":"10.3999\/jscpt.49.53"},{"key":"30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"30) Nachum Z, Shupak A, Gordon CR. Transdermal scopolamine for prevention of motion sickness: clinical pharmacokinetics and therapeutic applications. <i>Clin. Pharmacokinet.<\/i>, <b>45<\/b>, 543\u2013566 (2006).","DOI":"10.2165\/00003088-200645060-00001"},{"key":"31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"31) Takeuchi H, Ishida M, Furuya A, Todo H, Urano H, Sugibayashi K. Influence of skin thickness on the <i>in vitro<\/i> permeabilities of drugs through Sprague\u2013Dawley rat or Yucatan micropig skin. <i>Biol. Pharm. Bull.<\/i>, <b>35<\/b>, 192\u2013202 (2012).","DOI":"10.1248\/bpb.35.192"},{"key":"32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"32) Todo H. Transdermal permeation of drugs in various animal species. <i>Pharmaceutics<\/i>, <b>9<\/b>, 33 (2017).","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics9030033"},{"key":"33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"33) Kapourani A, Kontogiannopoulos KN, Barmpalexis P. A review on the role of pilocarpine on the management of xerostomia and the importance of the topical administration systems development. <i>Pharmaceuticals<\/i>, <b>15<\/b>, 762 (2022).","DOI":"10.3390\/ph15060762"},{"key":"34","unstructured":"34) Zur E. Low-dose pilocarpine spray to treat xerostomia. <i>Int. J. Pharm. Compd.<\/i>, <b>24<\/b>, 104\u2013108 (2020)."},{"key":"35","unstructured":"35) Katebi K, Hassanpour S, Eslami H, Salehnia F, Hosseinifard H. Effect of pilocarpine mouthwash on salivary flow rate in patients with xerostomia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. <i>J. Dent. <\/i>(Shiraz), <b>24<\/b> (Suppl.), 76\u201383 (2023)."},{"key":"36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"36) Tanigawa T, Yamashita J, Sato T, Shinohara A, Shibata R, Ueda H, Sasaki H. Efficacy and safety of pilocarpine mouthwash in elderly patients with xerostomia. <i>Spec. Care Dentist.<\/i>, <b>35<\/b>, 164\u2013169 (2015).","DOI":"10.1111\/scd.12105"},{"key":"37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"37) Tanaka A, Nakano H, Yoneto K, Yoneto C, Furubayashi T, Suzuki K, Okae A, Ueno T, Sakane T. Topical xerostomia treatment with hyaluronate sheets containing pilocarpine. <i>Biol. Pharm. Bull.<\/i>, <b>45<\/b>, 403\u2013408 (2022).","DOI":"10.1248\/bpb.b21-00763"}],"container-title":["Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.jstage.jst.go.jp\/article\/bpb\/46\/12\/46_b23-00561\/_pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,13]],"date-time":"2024-05-13T04:54:00Z","timestamp":1715576040000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.jstage.jst.go.jp\/article\/bpb\/46\/12\/46_b23-00561\/_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,1]]},"references-count":37,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1248\/bpb.b23-00561","relation":{},"ISSN":["0918-6158","1347-5215"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0918-6158","type":"print"},{"value":"1347-5215","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,1]]},"article-number":"b23-00561"}}