{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T03:55:21Z","timestamp":1788494121157,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"Pharmaceutical Society of Japan","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biological &amp; Pharmaceutical Bulletin","Biol. Pharm. Bull."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,10]]},"DOI":"10.1248\/bpb.b25-00619","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,9]],"date-time":"2026-01-09T22:09:05Z","timestamp":1767996545000},"page":"74-83","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["SMTP-44D Improves High Glucose-Induced Vascular Endothelial Dysfunction"],"prefix":"10.1248","volume":"49","author":[{"given":"Shiori","family":"Jono","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, Showa Medical University Graduate School of Pharmacy, 1\u20135\u20138 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142\u20138555, Japan"},{"name":"Pharmacological Research Center, Showa Medical University, 1\u20135\u20138 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142\u20138555, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ryosuke","family":"Shinouchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, Showa Medical University Graduate School of Pharmacy, 1\u20135\u20138 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142\u20138555, Japan"},{"name":"Pharmacological Research Center, Showa Medical University, 1\u20135\u20138 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142\u20138555, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takashi","family":"Obama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Biological Chemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Currently known as Department of Biological Chemistry), Showa Medical University Graduate School of Pharmacy, 1\u20135\u20138 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142\u20138555, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiroyuki","family":"Itabe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Biological Chemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Currently known as Department of Biological Chemistry), Showa Medical University Graduate School of Pharmacy, 1\u20135\u20138 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142\u20138555, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Keiji","family":"Hasumi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Applied Biological Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3\u20135\u20138 Saiwaicho, Fuchu, Tokyo 183\u20138509, Japan"},{"name":"Division of Research and Development, TMS Co., Ltd., 1\u20139\u201311F Fuchucho, Fuchu, Tokyo 183\u20130055, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Koji","family":"Nobe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, Showa Medical University Graduate School of Pharmacy, 1\u20135\u20138 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142\u20138555, Japan"},{"name":"Pharmacological Research Center, Showa Medical University, 1\u20135\u20138 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142\u20138555, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"163","reference":[{"key":"1","unstructured":"1) Zhou B, Rayner AW, Gregg EW, <i>et al<\/i>. Worldwide trends in diabetes prevalence and treatment from 1990 to 2022: a pooled analysis of 1108 population-representative studies with 141 million participants. <i>Lancet<\/i>, <b>404<\/b>, 2077\u20132093 (2024)."},{"key":"2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"2) Beckman JA, Creager MA. Vascular complications of diabetes. <i>Circ. Res.<\/i>, <b>118<\/b>, 1771\u20131785 (2016).","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.115.306884"},{"key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"3) Lu Y, Wang W, Liu J, Xie M, Liu Q, Li S. Vascular complications of diabetes: a narrative review. <i>Medicine<\/i>, <b>102<\/b>, e35285 (2023).","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000035285"},{"key":"4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"4) Kolari\u0107 V, Svir\u010devi\u0107 V, Bijuk R, Zupan\u010di\u010d V. Chronic complications of diabetes and quality of life. <i>Acta Clin. Croat.<\/i>, <b>61<\/b>, 520\u2013527 (2022).","DOI":"10.20471\/acc.2022.61.03.18"},{"key":"5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"5) Ling W, Huang Y, Huang YM, Fan RR, Sui Y, Zhao HL. Global trend of diabetes mortality attributed to vascular complications, 2000\u20132016. <i>Cardiovasc. Diabetol.<\/i>, <b>19<\/b>, 182 (2020).","DOI":"10.1186\/s12933-020-01159-5"},{"key":"6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"6) Yin J, Fu X, Luo Y, Leng Y, Ao L, Xie C. A narrative review of diabetic macroangiopathy: from molecular mechanism to therapeutic approaches. <i>Diabetes Ther.<\/i>, <b>15<\/b>, 585\u2013609 (2024).","DOI":"10.1007\/s13300-024-01532-7"},{"key":"7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"7) American Diabetes Association Professional Practice Committee. 9. Pharmacologic approaches to glycemic treatment: standards of care in diabetes\u20142024. <i>Diabetes Care<\/i>, <b>47<\/b> (Suppl 1), S158\u2013S178 (2023).","DOI":"10.2337\/dc24-er07a"},{"key":"8","unstructured":"8) American Diabetes Association Professional Practice Committee. 10. Cardiovascular disease and risk management: standards of care in diabetes\u20142024. <i>Diabetes Care<\/i>, <b>47<\/b> (Suppl. 1), S179\u2013S218 (2023)."},{"key":"9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"9) American Diabetes Association Professional Practice Committee. 11. Chronic kidney disease and risk management: standards of care in diabetes\u20142024. <i>Diabetes Care<\/i>, <b>47<\/b> (Suppl. 1), S219\u2013S230 (2023).","DOI":"10.2337\/dc24-S011"},{"key":"10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"10) American Diabetes Association Professional Practice Committee. 12. Retinopathy, neuropathy, and foot care: standards of care in diabetes\u20142024. <i>Diabetes Care<\/i>, <b>47<\/b> (Suppl. 1), S231\u2013S243 (2023).","DOI":"10.2337\/dc24-S012"},{"key":"11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"11) Demir S, Nawroth PP, Herzig S, \u00dcst\u00fcnel BE. Emerging targets in type 2 diabetes and diabetic complications. <i>Adv. Sci.<\/i>, <b>8<\/b>, 2100275 (2021).","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202100275"},{"key":"12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"12) Shi Y, Vanhoutte PM. Macro- and microvascular endothelial dysfunction in diabetes. <i>J. Diabetes<\/i>, <b>9<\/b>, 434\u2013449 (2017).","DOI":"10.1111\/1753-0407.12521"},{"key":"13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"13) Nobe K, Miyatake M, Sone T, Honda K. High-glucose-altered endothelial cell function involves both disruption of cell-to-cell connection and enhancement of force development. <i>J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther.<\/i>, <b>318<\/b>, 530\u2013539 (2006).","DOI":"10.1124\/jpet.106.105015"},{"key":"14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"14) Kitada M, Zhang Z, Mima A, King GL. Molecular mechanisms of diabetic vascular complications. <i>J. Diabetes Investig.<\/i>, <b>1<\/b>, 77\u201389 (2010).","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2040-1124.2010.00018.x"},{"key":"15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"15) Sena CM, Pereira AM, Sei\u00e7a R. Endothelial dysfunction\u2014a major mediator of diabetic vascular disease. <i>Biochim. Biophys. Acta<\/i>, <b>1832<\/b>, 2216\u20132231 (2013).","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2013.08.006"},{"key":"16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"16) Hasumi K, Suzuki E. Impact of SMTP targeting plasminogen and soluble epoxide hydrolase on thrombolysis, inflammation, and ischemic stroke. <i>Int. J. Mol. Sci.<\/i>, <b>22<\/b>, 954 (2021).","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22020954"},{"key":"17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"17) Shinouchi R, Shibata K, Hashimoto T, Jono S, Hasumi K, Nobe K. SMTP-44D improves diabetic neuropathy symptoms in mice through its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. <i>Pharmacol. Res. Perspect.<\/i>, <b>8<\/b>, e00648 (2020).","DOI":"10.1002\/prp2.648"},{"key":"18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"18) Shinouchi R, Shibata K, Jono S, Hasumi K, Nobe K. SMTP-44D exerts antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects through its soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibitory action in immortalized mouse Schwann cells upon high glucose treatment. <i>Int. J. Mol. Sci.<\/i>, <b>23<\/b>, 5187 (2022).","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23095187"},{"key":"19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"19) Ishibashi M, Shibata K, Terasaki M, Saito Y, Yamagishi S, Hasumi K, Nobe K. SMTP-44D alleviates diabetic retinopathy by suppressing inflammation and oxidative stress in <i>in vivo<\/i> and <i>in vitro<\/i> models. <i>J. Pharmacol. Sci.<\/i>, <b>157<\/b>, 57\u201364 (2025).","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jphs.2024.12.004"},{"key":"20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"20) Aoki A, Shibata K, Shinouchi R, Hasumi K, Nobe K. SMTP-44D prevents negative symptoms of diabetic neuropathy by inhibiting sciatic nerve apoptosis. <i>J. Pharmacol. Sci.<\/i>, <b>159<\/b>, 25\u201334 (2025).","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jphs.2025.06.006"},{"key":"21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"21) Terasaki M, Shibata K, Mori Y, Saito T, Matsui T, Ohara M, Fukui T, Hasumi K, Higashimoto Y, Nobe K, Yamagishi S. SMTP-44D inhibits atherosclerotic plaque formation in apolipoprotein-E null mice partly by suppressing the AGEs-RAGE axis. <i>Int. J. Mol. Sci.<\/i>, <b>24<\/b>, 6505 (2023).","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24076505"},{"key":"22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"22) Harris TR, Hammock BD. Soluble epoxide hydrolase: gene structure, expression and deletion. <i>Gene<\/i>, <b>526<\/b>, 61\u201374 (2013).","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gene.2013.05.008"},{"key":"23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"23) Leuillier M, Duflot T, M\u00e9noret S, <i>et al<\/i>. CRISPR\/Cas9-mediated inactivation of the phosphatase activity of soluble epoxide hydrolase prevents obesity and cardiac ischemic injury. <i>J. Adv. Res.<\/i>, <b>43<\/b>, 163\u2013174 (2023).","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jare.2022.03.004"},{"key":"24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"24) Shinouchi R, Shibata K, Nagatsuka T, Hasumi K, Nobe K. Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of SMTP-44D in a streptozotocin-induced diabetic neuropathy mouse model. <i>J. Diabetes Complications<\/i>, <b>39<\/b>, 109061 (2025).","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2025.109061"},{"key":"25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"25) Shen J, Lai Y, Lu Y, Liu Y, Zhang J, Wu Y, Pan Y, Chen H, Gao Q, Wei Q, Chen Y, Ye J, Lin Y, Liu B, Jiang J, Nan J. NRF2-HIF2\u03b1 signaling attenuates endothelial cell senescence and maintains intercellular junctions in diabetes. <i>Int. J. Biol. Sci.<\/i>, <b>20<\/b>, 4055\u20134073 (2024).","DOI":"10.7150\/ijbs.96719"},{"key":"26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"26) Zhang P, Li Y, Guo R, Zang W. Salidroside protects against advanced glycation end products-induced vascular endothelial dysfunction. <i>Med. Sci. Monit.<\/i>, <b>24<\/b>, 2420\u20132428 (2018).","DOI":"10.12659\/MSM.906064"},{"key":"27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"27) Wang Z, Zhang J, Chen L, Li J, Zhang H, Guo X. Glycine suppresses AGE\/RAGE signaling pathway and subsequent oxidative stress by restoring Glo1 function in the aorta of diabetic rats and in HUVECs. <i>Oxid. Med. Cell. Longev.<\/i>, <b>2019<\/b>, 4628962 (2019).","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/4628962"},{"key":"28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"28) Quintela AM, Jim\u00e9nez R, Piqueras L, G\u00f3mez-Guzm\u00e1n M, Haro J, Zarzuelo MJ, Cogolludo A, Sanz MJ, Toral M, Romero M, P\u00e9rez-Vizca\u00edno F, Duarte J. PPAR\u03b2 activation restores the high glucose-induced impairment of insulin signalling in endothelial cells. <i>Br. J. Pharmacol.<\/i>, <b>171<\/b>, 3089\u20133102 (2014).","DOI":"10.1111\/bph.12646"},{"key":"29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"29) Zhang Y, Wang R, Tan H, Wu K, Hu Y, Diao H, Wang D, Tang X, Leng M, Li X, Cai Z, Luo D, Shao X, Yan M, Chen Y, Rong X, Guo J. Fufang Zhenzhu Tiaozhi (FTZ) capsule ameliorates diabetes-accelerated atherosclerosis <i>via<\/i> suppressing YTHDF2-mediated m<sup>6<\/sup>A modification of SIRT3 mRNA. <i>J. Ethnopharmacol.<\/i>, <b>317<\/b>, 116766 (2023).","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2023.116766"},{"key":"30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"30) Binjawhar DN, Alhazmi AT, Bin Jawhar WN, MohammedSaeed W, Safi SZ. Hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress and epigenetic regulation of ET-1 gene in endothelial cells. <i>Front. Genet.<\/i>, <b>14<\/b>, 1167773 (2023).","DOI":"10.3389\/fgene.2023.1167773"},{"key":"31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"31) Wang Q, Ou K, Zeng C, Fang Y. 5-Bromo-3,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde attenuates endothelial cells injury from high glucose-induced damage. <i>Biomed. Pharmacother.<\/i>, <b>155<\/b>, 113793 (2022).","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2022.113793"},{"key":"32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"32) Sun CP, Zhang XY, Morisseau C, Hwang SH, Zhang ZJ, Hammock BD, Ma XC. Discovery of soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibitors from chemical synthesis and natural products. <i>J. Med. Chem.<\/i>, <b>64<\/b>, 184\u2013215 (2021).","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jmedchem.0c01507"},{"key":"33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"33) Zheng D, Liu J, Piao H, Zhu Z, Wei R, Liu K. ROS-triggered endothelial cell death mechanisms: focus on pyroptosis, parthanatos, and ferroptosis. <i>Front. Immunol.<\/i>, <b>13<\/b>, 1039241 (2022).","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.1039241"},{"key":"34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"34) Kumar P, Shen Q, Pivetti CD, Lee ES, Wu MH, Yuan SY. Molecular mechanisms of endothelial hyperpermeability: implications in inflammation. <i>Expert Rev. Mol. Med.<\/i>, <b>11<\/b>, e19 (2009).","DOI":"10.1017\/S1462399409001112"},{"key":"35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"35) Vicas LG, Jurca T, Baldea I, Filip GA, Olteanu D, Clichici SV, Pallag A, Marian E, Micle O, Crivii CB, Suciu T, Craciun I, Gligor FG, Muresan  M. <i>Physalis alkekengi<\/i> L. extract reduces the oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis in endothelial vascular cells exposed to hyperglycemia. <i>Molecules<\/i>, <b>25<\/b>, 3747 (2020).","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules25163747"},{"key":"36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"36) Peng H, Zhang S, Zhang Z, Wang X, Tian X, Zhang L, Du J, Huang Y, Jin H. Nitric oxide inhibits endothelial cell apoptosis by inhibiting cysteine dependent SOD1 monomerization. <i>FEBS Open Bio<\/i>, <b>12<\/b>, 538\u2013548 (2022).","DOI":"10.1002\/2211-5463.13362"},{"key":"37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"37) Deng X, Wu Q, Liu Y. <i>Eucommia ulmoides<\/i> Oliv. leaves flavonoids attenuate methylglyoxal-induced endothelial cell apoptosis <i>in vitro<\/i> and <i>in vivo<\/i> by upregulating AKT-Nrf2 signaling and downregulating oxidative stress. <i>Food Sci. Nutr.<\/i>, <b>12<\/b>, 7938\u20137953 (2024).","DOI":"10.1002\/fsn3.4416"},{"key":"38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"38) Tian H, Li S, Yu K. DJ-1 alleviates high glucose-induced endothelial cells injury <i>via<\/i> PI3K\/Akt-eNOS signaling pathway. <i>Mol. Med. Rep.<\/i>, <b>17<\/b>, 1205\u20131211 (2018).","DOI":"10.3892\/mmr.2017.7975"},{"key":"39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"39) Hou HH, Liao YJ, Hsiao SH, Shyue SK, Lee TS. Role of phosphatase activity of soluble epoxide hydrolase in regulating simvastatin-activated endothelial nitric oxide synthase. <i>Sci. Rep.<\/i>, <b>5<\/b>, 13524 (2015).","DOI":"10.1038\/srep13524"},{"key":"40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"40) Hou HH, Hammock BD, Su KH, Morsseau C, Kou YR, Imaoka S, Oguro A, Shyue SK, Zhao JF, Lee TS. N-terminal domain of soluble epoxide hydrolase negatively regulates the VEGF-mediated activation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase. <i>Cardiovasc. Res.<\/i>, <b>93<\/b>, 120\u2013129 (2012).","DOI":"10.1093\/cvr\/cvr267"},{"key":"41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"41) An Y, Xu B, Wan S, Ma X, Long Y, Xu Y, Jiang Z. The role of oxidative stress in diabetes mellitus-induced vascular endothelial dysfunction. <i>Cardiovasc. Diabetol.<\/i>, <b>22<\/b>, 237 (2023).","DOI":"10.1186\/s12933-023-01965-7"},{"key":"42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"42) Incalza MA, D\u2019Oria R, Natalicchio A, Perrini S, Laviola L, Giorgino F. Oxidative stress and reactive oxygen species in endothelial dysfunction associated with cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. <i>Vascul. Pharmacol.<\/i>, <b>100<\/b>, 1\u201319 (2018).","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vph.2017.05.005"},{"key":"43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"43) Wu J, Zhao Y, Fan Z, Chen Q, Chen J, Sun Y, Jiang X, Xiao Q. Soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibitor protects against blood-brain barrier dysfunction in a mouse model of type 2 diabetes <i>via<\/i> the AMPK\/HO-1 pathway. <i>Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun.<\/i>, <b>524<\/b>, 354\u2013359 (2020).","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2020.01.085"},{"key":"44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"44) Jiang X, Xiang X, Chen X, He J, Liu T, Gan H, Du X. Inhibition of soluble epoxide hydrolase attenuates renal tubular mitochondrial dysfunction and ER stress by restoring autophagic flux in diabetic nephropathy. <i>Cell Death Dis.<\/i>, <b>11<\/b>, 385 (2020).","DOI":"10.1038\/s41419-020-2594-x"},{"key":"45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"45) Hassan D, Menges CW, Testa JR, Bellacosa A. AKT kinases as therapeutic targets. <i>J. Exp. Clin. Cancer Res.<\/i>, <b>43<\/b>, 313 (2024).","DOI":"10.1186\/s13046-024-03207-4"},{"key":"46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"46) Suganya N, Bhakkiyalakshmi E, Sarada DVL, Ramkumar KM. Reversibility of endothelial dysfunction in diabetes: role of polyphenols. <i>Br. J. Nutr.<\/i>, <b>116<\/b>, 223\u2013246 (2016).","DOI":"10.1017\/S0007114516001884"},{"key":"47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"47) Zhong X, Xie F, Chen L, Liu Z, Wang Q. S100A8 and S100A9 promote endothelial cell activation through the RAGE-mediated mammalian target of rapamycin complex 2 pathway. <i>Mol. Med. Rep.<\/i>, <b>22<\/b>, 5293\u20135303 (2020).","DOI":"10.3892\/mmr.2020.11595"},{"key":"48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"48) Lin F, Yang Y, Wei S, Huang X, Peng Z, Ke X, Zeng Z, Song Y. Hydrogen sulfide protects against high glucose-induced human umbilical vein endothelial cell injury through activating PI3K\/Akt\/eNOS pathway. <i>Drug Des. Devel. Ther.<\/i>, <b>14<\/b>, 621\u2013633 (2020).","DOI":"10.2147\/DDDT.S242521"},{"key":"49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"49) Zou Y, Wu F, Liu Q, Deng X, Hai R, He X, Zhou X. Downregulation of miRNA-328 promotes the angiogenesis of HUVECs by regulating the PIM1 and AKT\/mTOR signaling pathway under high glucose and low serum condition. <i>Mol. Med. Rep.<\/i>, <b>22<\/b>, 895\u2013905 (2020).","DOI":"10.3892\/mmr.2020.11141"},{"key":"50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"50) Cai Z, Yuan S, Zhong Y, Deng L, Li J, Tan X, Feng J. Amelioration of endothelial dysfunction in diabetes: role of Takeda G protein-coupled receptor 5. <i>Front. Pharmacol.<\/i>, <b>12<\/b>, 637051 (2021).","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2021.637051"},{"key":"51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"51) Wu B, Yue H, Zhou GH, Zhu YY, Wu TH, Wen JF, Cho KW, Jin SN. Protective effects of oxymatrine on homocysteine-induced endothelial injury: involvement of mitochondria-dependent apoptosis and Akt-eNOS-NO signaling pathways. <i>Eur. J. Pharmacol.<\/i>, <b>864<\/b>, 172717 (2019).","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2019.172717"},{"key":"52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"52) Prolo C, Piacenza L, Radi R. Peroxynitrite: a multifaceted oxidizing and nitrating metabolite. <i>Curr. Opin. Chem. Biol.<\/i>, <b>80<\/b>, 102459 (2024).","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2024.102459"},{"key":"53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"53) Shi Y, Vanhoutte PM. Reactive oxygen-derived free radicals are key to the endothelial dysfunction of diabetes. <i>J. Diabetes<\/i>, <b>1<\/b>, 151\u2013162 (2009).","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1753-0407.2009.00030.x"},{"key":"54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"54) Xue C, Chen K, Gao Z, Bao T, Dong LS, Zhao L, Tong X, Li X. Common mechanisms underlying diabetic vascular complications: focus on the interaction of metabolic disorders, immuno-inflammation, and endothelial dysfunction. <i>Cell Commun. Signal.<\/i>, <b>21<\/b>, 298 (2023).","DOI":"10.1186\/s12964-022-01016-w"}],"container-title":["Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.jstage.jst.go.jp\/article\/bpb\/49\/1\/49_b25-00619\/_pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,10]],"date-time":"2026-01-10T03:29:53Z","timestamp":1768015793000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.jstage.jst.go.jp\/article\/bpb\/49\/1\/49_b25-00619\/_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,10]]},"references-count":54,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1248\/bpb.b25-00619","relation":{},"ISSN":["0918-6158","1347-5215"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0918-6158","type":"print"},{"value":"1347-5215","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,10]]},"article-number":"b25-00619"}}