{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,21]],"date-time":"2026-08-21T15:54:17Z","timestamp":1787327657590,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,1]]},"DOI":"10.1249\/mss.0b013e3182285776","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,6,17]],"date-time":"2011-06-17T18:45:19Z","timestamp":1308336319000},"page":"175-179","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["Water Ingestion Improves Performance Compared with Mouth Rinse in Dehydrated Subjects"],"prefix":"10.1249","volume":"44","author":[{"given":"GIANNIS","family":"ARNAOUTIS","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"STAVROS A.","family":"KAVOURAS","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"IRINI","family":"CHRISTAKI","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"LABROS S.","family":"SIDOSSIS","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"issue":"7","key":"R1-22-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-973038","article-title":"Effects of carbohydrate supplementation on performance during 1 hour of high-intensity exercise.","volume":"16","author":"Anantaraman","year":"1995","journal-title":"Int J Sports Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"R3-22-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1123\/ijsnem.13.3.333","article-title":"One hour cycling performance is not affected by ingested fluid volume.","volume":"13","author":"Backx","year":"2003","journal-title":"Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab"},{"issue":"4","key":"R4-22-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"400","DOI":"10.1123\/ijsnem.19.4.400","article-title":"Carbohydrate mouth rinsing in the fed state: lack of enhancement of time-trial performance.","volume":"19","author":"Beelen","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab"},{"issue":"2","key":"R5-22-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1249\/00005768-199502000-00009","article-title":"Fluid and carbohydrate ingestion independently improve performance during 1 h of intense exercise.","volume":"27","author":"Below","year":"1995","journal-title":"Med Sci Sports Exerc"},{"issue":"3","key":"R6-22-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2008-1026080","article-title":"Ratings of perceived exertion and heart rates during short-term cycle exercise and their use in a new cycling strength test.","volume":"3","author":"Borg","year":"1982","journal-title":"Int J Sports Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"R7-22-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1016\/0031-9384(83)90044-6","article-title":"Water intake, pleasure and water temperature in humans.","volume":"30","author":"Boulze","year":"1983","journal-title":"Physiol Behav"},{"issue":"12","key":"R8-22-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2107","DOI":"10.1249\/01.MSS.0000147585.65709.6F","article-title":"The effect of carbohydrate mouth rinse on 1-h cycle time trial performance.","volume":"36","author":"Carter","year":"2004","journal-title":"Med Sci Sports Exerc"},{"issue":"Pt 8","key":"R11-22-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1779","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2008.164285","article-title":"Carbohydrate sensing in the human mouth: effects on exercise performance and brain activity.","volume":"587","author":"Chambers","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Physiol"},{"issue":"6","key":"R12-22-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2388","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1987.63.6.2388","article-title":"Reversal of fatigue during prolonged exercise by carbohydrate infusion or ingestion.","volume":"63","author":"Coggan","year":"1987","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"R13-22-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1986.61.1.165","article-title":"Muscle glycogen utilization during prolonged strenuous exercise when fed carbohydrate.","volume":"61","author":"Coyle","year":"1986","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol"},{"issue":"5","key":"R14-22-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"541","DOI":"10.1123\/ijsnem.14.5.541","article-title":"Carbohydrate-electrolyte feedings and 1 h time trial cycling performance.","volume":"14","author":"Desbrow","year":"2004","journal-title":"Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab"},{"issue":"2","key":"R15-22-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1974.37.2.247","article-title":"Calculation of percentage changes in volumes of blood, plasma, and red cells in dehydration.","volume":"37","author":"Dill","year":"1974","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol"},{"issue":"5","key":"R17-22-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1487","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1995.79.5.1487","article-title":"Dehydration reduces cardiac output and increases systemic and cutaneous vascular resistance during exercise.","volume":"79","author":"Gonzalez-Alonso","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"R18-22-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1229","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1997.82.4.1229","article-title":"Dehydration markedly impairs cardiovascular function in hyperthermic endurance athletes during exercise.","volume":"82","author":"Gonzalez-Alonso","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"R19-22-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-972607","article-title":"Carbohydrate-electrolyte feedings improve 1 h time trial cycling performance.","volume":"18","author":"Jeukendrup","year":"1997","journal-title":"Int J Sports Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"R20-22-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1097\/00005768-199602000-00017","article-title":"A new validated endurance performance test.","volume":"28","author":"Jeukendrup","year":"1996","journal-title":"Med Sci Sports Exerc"},{"issue":"6","key":"R21-22-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"652","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00581327","article-title":"Carbohydrate feeding and glycogen synthesis during exercise in man.","volume":"410","author":"Kuipers","year":"1987","journal-title":"Pflugers Arch"},{"issue":"5","key":"R22-22-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1690","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.2000.89.5.1690","article-title":"Effect of carbohydrate ingestion on glucose kinetics and muscle metabolism during intense endurance exercise.","volume":"89","author":"McConell","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"R23-22-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1340","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1992.73.4.1340","article-title":"Influence of graded dehydration on hyperthermia and cardiovascular drift during exercise.","volume":"73","author":"Montain","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol"},{"issue":"6","key":"R24-22-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-971938","article-title":"Carbohydrate ingestion immediately before exercise does not improve 20 km time trial performance in well trained cyclists.","volume":"19","author":"Palmer","year":"1998","journal-title":"Int J Sports Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"R25-22-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0838.2008.00868.x","article-title":"Mouth rinse but not ingestion of a carbohydrate solution improves 1-h cycle time trial performance.","volume":"20","author":"Pottier","year":"2010","journal-title":"Scand J Med Sci Sports"},{"issue":"4","key":"R26-22-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"798","DOI":"10.1249\/MSS.0b013e3181bac6e4","article-title":"Influence of mouth rinsing a carbohydrate solution on 1-h running performance.","volume":"42","author":"Rollo","year":"2010","journal-title":"Med Sci Sports Exerc"},{"issue":"6","key":"R27-22-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.1123\/ijsnem.18.6.585","article-title":"The influence of carbohydrate mouth rinse on self-selected speeds during a 30-min treadmill run.","volume":"18","author":"Rollo","year":"2008","journal-title":"Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab"},{"issue":"3","key":"R28-22-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"468","DOI":"10.1249\/MSS.0b013e3181f1cda3","article-title":"Influence of ingesting versus mouth rinsing a carbohydrate solution during a 1-h run.","volume":"43","author":"Rollo","year":"2011","journal-title":"Med Sci Sports Exerc"},{"issue":"1","key":"R31-22-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.2165\/00007256-199825010-00002","article-title":"Human muscle glycogen metabolism during exercise. Effect of carbohydrate supplementation.","volume":"25","author":"Tsintzas","year":"1998","journal-title":"Sports Med"},{"issue":"11","key":"R32-22-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1373","DOI":"10.1097\/00005768-199611000-00005","article-title":"Influence of carbohydrate supplementation early in exercise on endurance running capacity.","volume":"28","author":"Tsintzas","year":"1996","journal-title":"Med Sci Sports Exerc"},{"issue":"8","key":"R33-22-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"669","DOI":"10.2165\/00007256-200737080-00002","article-title":"Thermoregulation during exercise in the heat: strategies for maintaining health and performance.","volume":"37","author":"Wendt","year":"2007","journal-title":"Sports Med"},{"issue":"12","key":"R34-22-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1385","DOI":"10.1080\/02640410601113676","article-title":"Effect of a carbohydrate mouthwash on running time-trial performance.","volume":"25","author":"Whitham","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Sports Sci"}],"container-title":["Medicine &amp; Science in Sports &amp; Exercise"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/00005768-201201000-00022","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,21]],"date-time":"2026-08-21T14:49:45Z","timestamp":1787323785000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/00005768-201201000-00022"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,1]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1249\/mss.0b013e3182285776","relation":{},"ISSN":["0195-9131"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0195-9131","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,1]]}}}