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Wolf PA, Abbott RD, Kannel WB. Atrial fibrillation as an independent risk factor for stroke: The Framingham Study. <i>Stroke<\/i> 1991; 22: 983\u2013988.","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.22.8.983"},{"key":"2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"2. Benjamin EJ, Levy D, Vaziri SM, D\u2019Agostino RB, Belanger AJ, Wolf PA. Independent risk factors for atrial fibrillation in a population-based cohort: The Framingham Heart Study. <i>JAMA<\/i> 1994; 271: 840\u2013844.","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.271.11.840"},{"key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"3. Feinberg WM, Blackshear JL, Laupacis A, Kronmal R, Hart RG. Prevalence, age distribution, and gender of patients with atrial fibrillation: Analysis and implications. <i>Arch Intern Med<\/i> 1995; 155: 469\u2013473.","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.155.5.469"},{"key":"4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"4. Coresh J, Selvin E, Stevens LA, Manzi J, Kusek JW, Eggers P, et al. Prevalence of chronic kidney disease in the United States. <i>JAMA<\/i> 2007; 298: 2038\u20132047.","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.298.17.2038"},{"key":"5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"5. Connolly SJ, Ezekowitz MD, Yusuf S, Eikelboom J, Oldgren J, Parekh A, et al. Dabigatran versus warfarin in patients with atrial fibrillation. <i>N Engl J Med<\/i> 2009; 361: 1139\u20131151.","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0905561"},{"key":"6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"6. Patel MR, Mahaffey KW, Garg J, Pan G, Singer DE, Hacke W, et al. Rivaroxaban versus warfarin in nonvalvular atrial fibrillation. <i>N Engl J Med<\/i> 2011; 365: 883\u2013891.","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1009638"},{"key":"7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"7. Granger CB, Alexander JH, McMurray JJ, Lopes RD, Hylek EM, Hanna M, et al. Apixaban versus warfarin in patients with atrial fibrillation. <i>N Engl J Med<\/i> 2011; 365: 981\u2013992.","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1107039"},{"key":"8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"8. Giugliano RP, Ruff CT, Braunwald E, Murphy SA, Wiviott SD, Halperin JL, et al. Edoxaban versus warfarin in patients with atrial fibrillation. <i>N Engl J Med<\/i> 2013; 369: 2093\u20132104.","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1310907"},{"key":"9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"9. Kakkar AK, Mueller I, Bassand JP, Fitzmaurice DA, Goldhaber SZ, Goto S, et al. Risk profiles and antithrombotic treatment of patients newly diagnosed with atrial fibrillation at risk of stroke: Perspectives from the international, observational, prospective GARFIELD registry. <i>PLoS One<\/i> 2013; 8: e63479.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0063479"},{"key":"10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"10. Go AS, Fang MC, Udaltsova N, Chang Y, Pomernacki NK, Borowsky L, et al. 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Goto S, Angchaisuksiri P, Bassand JP, Camm AJ, Dominguez H, Illingworth L, et al. Management and 1-year outcomes of patients with newly diagnosed atrial fibrillation and chronic kidney disease: Results from the prospective GARFIELD-AF Registry. <i>J Am Heart Assoc<\/i> 2019; 8: e010510."},{"key":"14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"14. Kodani E, Atarashi H, Inoue H, Okumura K, Yamashita T, Origasa H, et al. Impact of creatinine clearance on outcomes in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation: A subanalysis of the J-RHYTHM Registry. <i>Eur Heart J Qual Care Clin Outcomes<\/i> 2018; 4: 59\u201368.","DOI":"10.1093\/ehjqcco\/qcx032"},{"key":"15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"15. Steffel J, Collins R, Antz M, Cornu P, Desteghe L, Haeusler KG, et al. 2021 European Heart Rhythm Association practical guide on the use of non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants in patients with atrial fibrillation. <i>Europace<\/i> 2021; 23: 1612\u20131676.","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/euab065"},{"key":"16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"16. Fox KA, Piccini JP, Wojdyla D, Becker RC, Halperin JL, Nessel CC, et al. Prevention of stroke and systemic embolism with rivaroxaban compared with warfarin in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation and moderate renal impairment. <i>Eur Heart J<\/i> 2011; 32: 2387\u20132394.","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehr342"},{"key":"17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"17. Hohnloser SH, Hijazi Z, Thomas L, Alexander JH, Amerena J, Hanna M, et al. Efficacy of apixaban when compared with warfarin in relation to renal function in patients with atrial fibrillation: Insights from the ARISTOTLE trial. <i>Eur Heart J<\/i> 2012; 33: 2821\u20132830.","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehs274"},{"key":"18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"18. Lee WC, Liao TW, Fang HY, Wu PJ, Fang YN, Chen HC, et al. Impact of baseline renal function on the efficacy and safety of different anticoagulants in atrial fibrillation patients: A cohort study. <i>Thromb J<\/i> 2022; 20: 64.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12959-022-00423-w"},{"key":"19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"19. Akao M, Chun YH, Wada H, Esato M, Hashimoto T, Abe M, et al. Current status of clinical background of patients with atrial fibrillation in a community-based survey: The Fushimi AF Registry. <i>J Cardiol<\/i> 2013; 61: 260\u2013266.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jjcc.2012.12.002"},{"key":"20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"20. Akao M, Chun YH, Esato M, Abe M, Tsuji H, Wada H, et al. Inappropriate use of oral anticoagulants for patients with atrial fibrillation. <i>Circ J<\/i> 2014; 78: 2166\u20132172.","DOI":"10.1253\/circj.CJ-14-0344"},{"key":"21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"21. Cockcroft DW, Gault MH. Prediction of creatinine clearance from serum creatinine. <i>Nephron<\/i> 1976; 16: 31\u201341.","DOI":"10.1159\/000180580"},{"key":"22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"22. JCS Joint Working Group. Guidelines for pharmacotherapy of atrial fibrillation (JCS 2013). <i>Circ J<\/i> 2014; 78: 1997\u20132021.","DOI":"10.1253\/circj.CJ-66-0092"},{"key":"23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"23. Gage BF, Waterman AD, Shannon W, Boechler M, Rich MW, Radford MJ. 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Oral anticoagulant use in elderly Japanese patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation: Subanalysis of the ANAFIE Registry. <i>Circ Rep<\/i> 2020; 2: 552\u2013559.","DOI":"10.1253\/circrep.CR-20-0082"},{"key":"29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"29. Olesen JB, Lip GY, Kamper AL, Hommel K, Kober L, Lane DA, et al. Stroke and bleeding in atrial fibrillation with chronic kidney disease. <i>N Engl J Med<\/i> 2012; 367: 625\u2013635.","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1105594"},{"key":"30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"30. Bonde AN, Lip GY, Kamper AL, Fosbol EL, Staerk L, Carlson N, et al. Renal function and the risk of stroke and bleeding in patients with atrial fibrillation: An observational cohort study. <i>Stroke<\/i> 2016; 47: 2707\u20132713.","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.116.014422"},{"key":"31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"31. Szummer K, Gasparini A, Eliasson S, Arnlov J, Qureshi AR, Barany P, et al. Time in therapeutic range and outcomes after warfarin initiation in newly diagnosed atrial fibrillation patients with renal dysfunction. <i>J Am Heart Assoc<\/i> 2017; 6: e004925.","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.116.004925"},{"key":"32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"32. Hijazi Z, Hohnloser SH, Oldgren J, Andersson U, Connolly SJ, Eikelboom JW, et al. Efficacy and safety of dabigatran compared with warfarin in relation to baseline renal function in patients with atrial fibrillation: A RE-LY (Randomized Evaluation of Long-term Anticoagulation Therapy) trial analysis. <i>Circulation<\/i> 2014; 129: 961\u2013970.","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.113.003628"},{"key":"33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"33. Suzuki S, Otsuka T, Sagara K, Semba H, Kano H, Matsuno S, et al. 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