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G-CHF Investigators; Joseph P, Roy A, Lonn E, St\u00f6rk S, Floras J, Mielniczuk L, et al. Global variations in heart failure etiology, management, and outcomes. <i>JAMA<\/i> 2023; 329: 1650\u20131661, doi:10.1001\/jama.2023.5942. Erratum in: <i>JAMA<\/i> 2023; <b>330:<\/b> 880.","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2023.5942"},{"key":"2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"2. Ambrosy AP, Fonarow GC, Butler J, Chioncel O, Greene SJ, Vaduganathan M, et al. The global health and economic burden of hospitalizations for heart failure: Lessons learned from hospitalized heart failure registries. <i>J Am Coll Cardiol<\/i> 2014; 63: 1123\u20131133.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2013.11.053"},{"key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"3. Talha KM, Pandey A, Fudim M, Butler J, Anker SD, Khan MS. 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Frailty is intertwined with heart failure: Mechanisms, prevalence, prognosis, assessment, and management. <i>JACC Heart Fail<\/i> 2019; 7: 1001\u20131011.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2019.10.005"},{"key":"7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"7. Fried LP, Tangen CM, Walston J, Newman AB, Hirsch C, Gottdiener J, et al; Cardiovascular Health Study Collaborative Research Group. Frailty in older adults: Evidence for a phenotype. <i>J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci<\/i> 2001; 56: M146\u2013M156.","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/56.3.M146"},{"key":"8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"8. Ashikawa H, Adachi T, Iwatsu K, Kamisaka K, Kamiya K, Uchiyama Y, et al. Physical frailty may predict 2-year prognosis in elderly patients with acute myocardial infarction: A report from the FLAGSHIP Study. <i>Circ J<\/i> 2023; 87: 490\u2013497.","DOI":"10.1253\/circj.CJ-22-0515"},{"key":"9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"9. Kuwayama T, Okumura T, Kondo T, Oishi H, Kimura Y, Kazama S, et al. Characteristics, treatment, and prognosis in octogenarian and older patients with acute heart failure in Japan: Prospective observational study on acute pharmacotherapy and prognosis in management of acute heart failure (POPEYE-AHF Registry). <i>Circ J<\/i> 2024; 89: 83\u201392.","DOI":"10.1253\/circj.CJ-24-0299"},{"key":"10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"10. Clegg A, Young J, Iliffe S, Rikkert MO, Rockwood K. Frailty in elderly people. <i>Lancet<\/i> 2013; 381: 752\u2013762, doi:10.1016\/S0140-6736(12)62167-9. Erratum in: <i>Lancet<\/i> 2013; <b>382:<\/b> 1328.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(12)62167-9"},{"key":"11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"11. Satake S, Shimokata H, Senda K, Kondo I, Toba K. Validity of total Kihon checklist score for predicting the incidence of 3-year dependency and mortality in a community-dwelling older population. <i>J Am Med Dir Assoc<\/i> 2017; 18: 552.e1\u2013552.e6.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2017.03.013"},{"key":"12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"12. Dent E, Martin FC, Bergman H, Woo J, Romero-Ortuno R, Walston JD. Management of frailty: Opportunities, challenges, and future directions. <i>Lancet<\/i> 2019; 394: 1376\u20131386.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(19)31785-4"},{"key":"13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"13. Kamiya K, Sato Y, Takahashi T, Tsuchihashi-Makaya M, Kotooka N, Ikegame T, et al. Multidisciplinary cardiac rehabilitation and long-term prognosis in patients with heart failure. <i>Circ Heart Fail<\/i> 2020; 13: e006798.","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.119.006798"},{"key":"14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"14. Crum RM, Anthony JC, Bassett SS, Folstein MF. Population-based norms for the Mini-Mental State Examination by age and educational level. <i>JAMA<\/i> 1993; 269: 2386\u20132391.","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1993.03500180078038"},{"key":"15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"15. Kojima G, Taniguchi Y, Kitamura A, Shinkai S. Are the Kihon Checklist and the Kaigo-Yob Checklist compatible with the frailty index? <i>J Am Med Dir Assoc<\/i> 2018; 19: 797\u2013800.e2.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2018.05.012"},{"key":"16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"16. Andersen PK, Abildstrom SZ, Rosth\u00f8j S. Competing risks as a multi-state model. <i>Stat Methods Med Res<\/i> 2002; 11: 203\u2013215.","DOI":"10.1191\/0962280202sm281ra"},{"key":"17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"17. Vid\u00e1n MT, Blaya-Novakova V, S\u00e1nchez E, Ortiz J, Serra-Rexach JA, Bueno H. Prevalence and prognostic impact of frailty and its components in non-dependent elderly patients with heart failure. <i>Eur J Heart Fail<\/i> 2016; 18: 869\u2013875.","DOI":"10.1002\/ejhf.518"},{"key":"18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"18. Callahan KE, Kuchel GA. Frailty as an upstream target for intervention: A unifying approach to intervening in the trajectories of health, function, and disease in late life. <i>J Am Geriatr Soc<\/i> 2024; 72: 1650\u20131653.","DOI":"10.1111\/jgs.18864"},{"key":"19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"19. Rockwood K, Mitnitski A, Song X, Steen B, Skoog I. Long-term risks of death and institutionalization of elderly people in relation to deficit accumulation at age 70. <i>J Am Geriatr Soc<\/i> 2006; 54: 975\u2013979.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.2006.00738.x"},{"key":"20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"20. Hosokawa R, Ojima T, Myojin T, Kondo K, Kondo N. 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