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Makita S, Yasu T, Akashi YJ, Adachi H, Izawa H, Ishihara S, et al. JCS\/JACR 2021 Guideline on rehabilitation in patients with cardiovascular disease. <i>Circ J<\/i> 2022; 87: 155\u2013235.","DOI":"10.1253\/circj.CJ-22-0234"},{"key":"2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"2. Izawa H, Yoshida T, Ikegame T, Izawa KP, Ito Y, Okamura H, et al. Standard cardiac rehabilitation program for heart failure. <i>Circ J<\/i> 2019; 83: 2394\u20132398.","DOI":"10.1253\/circj.CJ-19-0670"},{"key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"3. Kumar M, Orkaby A, Tighe C, Villareal DT, Billingsley H, Nanna MG, et al. Life\u2019s essential 8: Optimizing health in older adults. <i>JACC Adv<\/i> 2023; 2: 100560.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacadv.2023.100560"},{"key":"4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"4. Singh M, Stewart R, White H. Importance of frailty in patients with cardiovascular disease. <i>Eur Heart J<\/i> 2014; 35: 1726\u20131731.","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehu197"},{"key":"5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"5. Bozkurt B, Fonarow GC, Goldberg LR, Guglin M, Josephson RA, Forman DE, et al. Cardiac rehabilitation for patients with heart failure: JACC Expert Panel. <i>J Am Coll Cardiol<\/i> 2021; 77: 1454\u20131469.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2021.01.030"},{"key":"6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"6. Kaneko H, Itoh H, Yotsumoto H, Kiriyama H, Kamon T, Fujiu K, et al. Characteristics and outcomes of super-elderly patients (aged \u226590 years) hospitalized for heart failure: Analysis of a nationwide inpatient database. <i>Circ Rep<\/i> 2020; 2: 393\u2013399.","DOI":"10.1253\/circrep.CR-20-0053"},{"key":"7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"7. Kitai T, Kohsaka S, Kato T, Kato E, Sato K, Teramoto K, et al. JCS\/JHFS 2025 Guideline on diagnosis and treatment of heart failure. <i>Circ J<\/i> 2025; 89: 1278\u20131444.","DOI":"10.1253\/circj.CJ-25-0002"},{"key":"8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"8. Shah SJ, Kitzman DW, Borlaug BA, van Heerebeek L, Zile MR, Kass DA, et al. Phenotype-specific treatment of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: A multiorgan roadmap. <i>Circulation<\/i> 2016; 134: 73\u201390.","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.116.021884"},{"key":"9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"9. Shah AM, Claggett B, Loehr LR, Chang PP, Matsushita K, Kitzman D, et al. Heart failure stages among older adults in the community: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study. <i>Circulation<\/i> 2017; 135: 224\u2013240.","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.116.023361"},{"key":"10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"10. Shimokawa H, Miura M, Nochioka K, Sakata Y. Heart failure as a general pandemic in Asia. <i>Eur J Heart Fail<\/i> 2015; 17: 884\u2013892.","DOI":"10.1002\/ejhf.319"},{"key":"11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"11. Tsutsui H, Isobe M, Ito H, Ito H, Okumura K, Ono M, et al. JCS 2017\/JHFS 2017 Guideline on diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure: Digest version. <i>Circ J<\/i> 2019; 83: 2084\u20132184.","DOI":"10.1253\/circj.CJ-19-0342"},{"key":"12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"12. Simmonds SJ, Cuijpers I, Heymans S, Jones EAV. Cellular and molecular differences between HFpEF and HFrEF: A step ahead in an improved pathological understanding. <i>Cells<\/i> 2020; 9: 242.","DOI":"10.3390\/cells9010242"},{"key":"13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"13. Guazzi M, Ghio S, Adir Y. Pulmonary hypertension in HFpEF and HFrEF: JACC Review Topic of the Week. <i>J Am Coll Cardiol<\/i> 2020; 76: 1102\u20131111.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2020.06.069"},{"key":"14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"14. Lam CS, Roger VL, Rodeheffer RJ, Borlaug BA, Enders FT, Redfield MM. Pulmonary hypertension in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: A community-based study. <i>J Am Coll Cardiol<\/i> 2009; 53: 1119\u20131126.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2008.11.051"},{"key":"15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"15. Guazzi M. Pulmonary hypertension in heart failure preserved ejection fraction: Prevalence, pathophysiology, and clinical perspectives. <i>Circ Heart Fail<\/i> 2014; 7: 367\u2013377.","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.113.000823"},{"key":"16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"16. Guazzi M, Dixon D, Labate V, Beussink-Nelson L, Bandera F, Cuttica MJ, et al. RV contractile function and its coupling to pulmonary circulation in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: Stratification of clinical phenotypes and outcomes. <i>JACC Cardiovasc Imaging<\/i> 2017; 10: 1211\u20131221.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcmg.2016.12.024"},{"key":"17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"17. Lam CSP, Gamble GD, Ling LH, Sim D, Leong KTG, Yeo PSD, et al. Mortality associated with heart failure with preserved vs. reduced ejection fraction in a prospective international multi-ethnic cohort study. <i>Eur Heart J<\/i> 2018; 39: 1770\u20131780.","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehy005"},{"key":"18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"18. Shah SJ, Borlaug BA, Kitzman DW, McCulloch AD, Blaxall BC, Agarwal R, et al. Research priorities for heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Working Group Summary. <i>Circulation<\/i> 2020; 141: 1001\u20131026.","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.119.041886"},{"key":"19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"19. Cleland JG, Tendera M, Adamus J, Freemantle N, Polonski L, Taylor J, et al. The perindopril in elderly people with chronic heart failure (PEP-CHF) study. <i>Eur Heart J<\/i> 2006; 27: 2338\u20132345.","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehl250"},{"key":"20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"20. Yusuf S, Pfeffer MA, Swedberg K, Granger CB, Held P, McMurray JJ, et al. Effects of candesartan in patients with chronic heart failure and preserved left-ventricular ejection fraction: The CHARM-Preserved Trial. <i>Lancet<\/i> 2003; 362: 777\u2013781.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(03)14285-7"},{"key":"21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"21. Komajda M, Carson PE, Hetzel S, McKelvie R, McMurray J, Ptaszynska A, et al. Factors associated with outcome in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: Findings from the Irbesartan in Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction Study (I-PRESERVE). <i>Circ Heart Fail<\/i> 2011; 4: 27\u201335.","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.109.932996"},{"key":"22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"22. Pitt B, Pfeffer MA, Assmann SF, Boineau R, Anand IS, Claggett B, et al. Spironolactone for heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. <i>N Engl J Med<\/i> 2014; 370: 1383\u20131392.","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1313731"},{"key":"23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"23. Desai AS, Lam CSP, McMurray JJV, Redfield MM. How to manage heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: Practical guidance for clinicians. <i>JACC Heart Fail<\/i> 2023; 11: 619\u2013636.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2023.03.011"},{"key":"24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"24. Jhund PS. SGLT2 inhibitors and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. <i>Heart Fail Clin<\/i> 2022; 18: 579\u2013586.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hfc.2022.03.010"},{"key":"25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"25. Morrow DA, Velazquez EJ, Desai AS, DeVore AD, Lepage S, Park JG, et al. Sacubitril\/valsartan in patients hospitalized with decompensated heart failure. <i>J Am Coll Cardiol<\/i> 2024; 83: 1123\u20131132.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2024.01.027"},{"key":"26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"26. Takigami Y, Ishii S, Iida Y, Ikeda Y, Nabeta T, Oikawa J, et al. Prognostic impact of sustained reduction of n-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide after initiating sacubitril\/valsartan: Insights from the REVIEW-HF Registry. <i>Circ Rep<\/i> 2025; 7: 433\u2013441.","DOI":"10.1253\/circrep.CR-25-0029"},{"key":"27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"27. Hatamura M, Tsuji S, Tazaki J, Toyofuku M. 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Heidenreich PA, Bozkurt B, Aguilar D, Allen LA, Byun JJ, Colvin MM, et al. 2022 AHA\/ACC\/HFSA Guideline for the management of heart failure: A Report of the American College of Cardiology\/American Heart Association Joint Committee on Clinical Practice Guidelines. <i>Circulation<\/i> 2022; 145: e895\u2013e1032.","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0000000000001073"},{"key":"31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"31. Runganga M, Peel NM, Hubbard RE. Multiple medication use in older patients in post-acute transitional care: A prospective cohort study. <i>Clin Interv Aging<\/i> 2014; 9: 1453\u20131462.","DOI":"10.2147\/CIA.S64105"},{"key":"32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"32. Nishtala PS, Salahudeen MS. Temporal trends in polypharmacy and hyperpolypharmacy in older New Zealanders over a 9-year period: 2005\u20132013. <i>Gerontology<\/i> 2015; 61: 195\u2013202.","DOI":"10.1159\/000368191"},{"key":"33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"33. 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