{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T22:58:19Z","timestamp":1790809099089,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1993,1,1]],"date-time":"1993-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":725846400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,5]],"date-time":"2019-09-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1567641600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":9743,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Japanese Journal of Pharmacology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1993]]},"DOI":"10.1254\/jjp.61.299","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,1,24]],"date-time":"2008-01-24T05:09:52Z","timestamp":1201151392000},"page":"299-302","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Intrathecal Noradrenaline Facilitates and Inhibits the Flexor Reflex Mediated by Group II Afferent Fibers via \u03b11- and \u03b12-Receptors, Respectively"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"61","author":[{"given":"Katsuhiko","family":"Sakitama","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1254\/jjp.61.299_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1016\/S0079-6123(08)64131-X","article-title":"Descending noradrenergic projections and their spinal terminations","volume":"57","author":"Westlund","year":"1982","journal-title":"Prog. Brain Res."},{"key":"10.1254\/jjp.61.299_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(77)90707-7","article-title":"A new major projection from locus coeruleus: The main source of noradrenergic nerve terminals in the ventral and dorsal columns of the spinal cord","volume":"132","author":"Nygren","year":"1977","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"10.1254\/jjp.61.299_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.ne.02.030179.000553","article-title":"Central catecholamine neuron systems: Anatomy and physiology of the norepinephrine and epinephrine systems","volume":"2","author":"Moore","year":"1979","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1254\/jjp.61.299_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1748-1716.1987.tb08169.x","article-title":"Intrathecal noradrenaline has a dose-dependent inhibitory and facilitatory effect on the flexion reflex in the rat","volume":"130","author":"Wiesenfeld-Hallin","year":"1987","journal-title":"Acta Physiol. Scand."},{"key":"10.1254\/jjp.61.299_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1507","DOI":"10.1016\/0024-3205(81)90250-2","article-title":"Inhibitory effects of dorsal horn and excitant effects of ventral horn intraspinal microinjections of norepinephrine and serotonin in the cat","volume":"29","author":"Bell","year":"1981","journal-title":"Life Sci."},{"key":"10.1254\/jjp.61.299_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476-5381.1970.tb09917.x","article-title":"Facilitation of the flexor reflex in the cat by intrathecal injection of catecholamines","volume":"40","author":"Dhawan","year":"1970","journal-title":"Br. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1254\/jjp.61.299_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1748-1716.1966.tb03325.x","article-title":"The effect of DOPA on the spinal cord. 2. A Pharmacological analysis","volume":"67","author":"Anden","year":"1966","journal-title":"Acta Physiol. Scand."},{"key":"10.1254\/jjp.61.299_bib8","first-page":"352","article-title":"A system for measuring the noradrenaline receptor contribution to the flexor reflex","volume":"54","author":"Austin","year":"1976","journal-title":"Med. Biol."},{"key":"10.1254\/jjp.61.299_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00432811","article-title":"Responses of the flexor reflex to LSD, tryptamine, 5-hydroxytryptophan, methoxamine, and d-amphetamine in acute and chronic spinal rats","volume":"55","author":"Nozaki","year":"1977","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology (Berlin)"},{"key":"10.1254\/jjp.61.299_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01260905","article-title":"Involvement of postsynaptic \u03b11-and \u03b12-adrenoceptors in the flexor reflex activity in the spinal rats","volume":"66","author":"Rawlow","year":"1986","journal-title":"J. Neural Transm."},{"key":"10.1254\/jjp.61.299_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"641","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4522(87)90082-0","article-title":"The adrenergic agonist tizanidine has differential effects on flexor reflexes of intact and spinalized rat","volume":"23","author":"Chen","year":"1987","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"10.1254\/jjp.61.299_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1583","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.05-06-01583.1985","article-title":"Spinalization unmasks clonidine\u2019s \u03b11-adrenergic mediated excitation of the flexor reflex in rats","volume":"5","author":"Kehne","year":"1985","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1254\/jjp.61.299_bib13","series-title":"The Assessment of Pain in Man and Animals","first-page":"92","article-title":"Physiological observations and pharmacological actions on nociceptive spinal reflexes","author":"Koll","year":"1962"},{"key":"10.1254\/jjp.61.299_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1254\/jjp.60.127","article-title":"The flexor reflex mediated by group II afferent fibers: Effects of morphine-HCl and mephenesin","volume":"60","author":"Sakitama","year":"1992","journal-title":"Japan. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1254\/jjp.61.299_bib15","first-page":"588","article-title":"Serial determinations of nerve conduction velocity in normal and alloxanized diabetic rats","volume":"62","author":"Miyoshi","year":"1971","journal-title":"Fukuoka Med. J."},{"key":"10.1254\/jjp.61.299_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1254\/jjp.28.165","article-title":"Modulation of spinal reflex activities in acute spinal rats with \u03b1-adrenergic agonists and antagonists","volume":"28","author":"Kawasaki","year":"1978","journal-title":"Japan. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1254\/jjp.61.299_bib17","first-page":"493","article-title":"Pharmacological actions of tizanidine, a centrally acting muscle relaxant on various smooth muscle organs","volume":"29","author":"Takayanagi","year":"1985","journal-title":"Pharmacometrics"},{"key":"10.1254\/jjp.61.299_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.2220\/biomedres.9.343","article-title":"Effects of adrenergic agents on ventral horn cells in rat spinal cord","volume":"9","author":"Hirayama","year":"1988","journal-title":"Biomed. Res."}],"container-title":["Japanese Journal of Pharmacology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0021519819360718?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0021519819360718?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,18]],"date-time":"2020-11-18T00:07:14Z","timestamp":1605658034000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0021519819360718"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1993]]},"references-count":18,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1993]]}},"alternative-id":["S0021519819360718"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1254\/jjp.61.299","relation":{},"ISSN":["0021-5198"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0021-5198","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1993]]}}}