{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,16]],"date-time":"2026-05-16T05:15:17Z","timestamp":1778908517147,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,6,1]],"date-time":"2012-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1338508800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Eur J Mass Spectrom (Chichester)"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Fluoroquinolones (FQLs) are synthetic antibacterial agents containing a 4-oxo-1,4-dihydroquinoline skeleton. When concomintantly administered with other drugs which may contain metal ions, particularly Al\n                    <jats:sup>3+<\/jats:sup>\n                    (antacids, phosphate binders, vaccines etc.) they may form metal\u2013drug complexes. Pharmacokinetic studies have shown that aluminium\u2013quinolone interactions lead to reduced bio-availability and altered activity of the drug with possible development of the toxic effects of aluminium ion. Reliable speciation in Al\n                    <jats:sup>3+<\/jats:sup>\n                    \u2013quinolone systems at the micromolar concentration level is needed to better understand pharmaco- and toxico-kinetics of the FQLs in the presence of Al. In this work, the speciation in solutions containing Al\n                    <jats:sup>3+<\/jats:sup>\n                    and FQL family members (fleroxacin, moxifloxacin and ciprofloxacin) was studied by electrospray mass spectrometry (ESI-MS), ESI-tandem mass spectrometry and laser desorption ionisation (LDI) MS. The dominating species identified in all three Al\n                    <jats:sup>3+<\/jats:sup>\n                    \u2013FQL solutions, at approx. 30\u201350 \u03bcmol L\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    total Al concentration and 2:1 to 1:3 metal-to-ligand ratio in the pH range 3.0\u20136.0, were the ions related to the complexes AlL\n                    <jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\n                    , AlL\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    and AlL\n                    <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                    <jats:sup>0<\/jats:sup>\n                    (L = ligand in the mono-deprotonated form). Mixed protonated and hydroxo complexes were also formed at lower and higher pH values, respectively and, as expected, dimeric and polymeric species were not observed in ESI spectra. LDI measurements confirmed the existence of the mononuclear complexes found by ESI and indicated the formation of polymeric species. The ion [2Al\n                    <jats:sup>3+<\/jats:sup>\n                    + 5L\n                    <jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n                    ]\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    was identified with all three FQLs. This ionic species most probably arises from Al\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    L\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    by clustering with free ligand anions. Comparison of literature potentiometric data with mass spectral data indicated good agreement between speciation schemes. The results obtained suggest the presence of strong interaction between FQLs and Al\n                    <jats:sup>3+<\/jats:sup>\n                    , which may be important in affecting absorption of these drugs in the gastrointestinal tract.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1255\/ejms.1183","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,26]],"date-time":"2012-07-26T13:11:44Z","timestamp":1343308304000},"page":"313-322","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Mass Spectrometic Study of Speciation in Aluminium\u2014Fluoroquinolone Solutions"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Mirjana","family":"Cvijovic","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The Copper Mill Sevojno, 31000 Uzice, Serbia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Valerio","family":"Di Marco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e0 di Padova, Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, 35131 Padova, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pietro","family":"Traldi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CNR, Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Molecolari, 35127 Padova, Italia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Milena J.","family":"Stankov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Pharmacy, Chair of Analytical Chemistry, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Predrag","family":"Djurdjevic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Science, Chemistry Department, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,6,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-ejms.1183","volume-title":"The Quinolones.","author":"Andriole V.T.","year":"1988"},{"key":"bibr2-ejms.1183","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/med.10052"},{"key":"bibr3-ejms.1183","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1389450033346920"},{"key":"bibr4-ejms.1183","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.89.20.9671"},{"key":"bibr5-ejms.1183","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.38.12.2810"},{"key":"bibr6-ejms.1183","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00003495-199300453-00013"},{"key":"bibr7-ejms.1183","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1134\/S1070328409020018"},{"key":"bibr8-ejms.1183","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-5173(92)90229-U"},{"key":"bibr9-ejms.1183","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1248\/cpb.26.1505"},{"key":"bibr10-ejms.1183","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1248\/cpb.44.1425"},{"key":"bibr11-ejms.1183","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1365\/s10337-007-0180-3"},{"key":"bibr12-ejms.1183","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0731-7085(98)00246-5"},{"key":"bibr13-ejms.1183","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-2670(94)00378-Y"},{"key":"bibr14-ejms.1183","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0014-827X(99)00095-6"},{"key":"bibr15-ejms.1183","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/clinids\/23.Supplement_1.S19"},{"key":"bibr16-ejms.1183","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/12.12.2679"},{"key":"bibr17-ejms.1183","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrc.2058"},{"key":"bibr18-ejms.1183","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/js960087f"},{"key":"bibr19-ejms.1183","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0010-8545(02)00027-9"},{"key":"bibr20-ejms.1183","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0731-7085(98)00233-7"},{"key":"bibr21-ejms.1183","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0731-7085(93)80148-T"},{"key":"bibr22-ejms.1183","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chen Z.F., Xiong R.G., Zuo J.L., Guo Z., You X.G., Fun H.K. \u201cX-ray crystal structure of Mg\n                      2+\n                      and Ca\n                      2+\n                      dimmers of the antibacterial drug norfloxacin\u201d, J. 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