{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T19:09:16Z","timestamp":1789672156140,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1992,1,1]],"date-time":"1992-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":694224000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Lab Anim"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1992,1,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> The intraperitoneal injection of anaesthetic agents is a simple and convenient method of anaesthetizing rats. However, all of the anaesthetic combinations in current use which are administered by intraperitoneal injection produce prolonged sedation, and full recovery of consciousness may take several hours. <\/jats:p><jats:p> Fentanyl, a \u03bc agonist opioid, and medetomidine, an \u03b1<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>-adrenoceptor agonist were mixed and administered as a single intraperitoneal injection. Combinations of 300 \u03bcg\/300 \u03bcg\/kg and 300 \u03bcg\/200 \u03bcg\/kg of fentanyl\/medetomidine were shown to produce surgical anaesthesia in the rat. This anaesthetic regimen produced significant respiratory depression ( P&lt;0.01) and animals did not regain their righting reflex until 193\u00b121 min (mean\u00b11 SD) after injection. Administration by intraperitoneal injection of atipamezole, a specific \u03b1<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>-adrenoceptor antagonist (1 mg\/kg) mixed with a \u03bc antagonist\/k agonist opioid (nalbuphine, 2 mg\/kg or butorphanol 0\u00b74 mg\/kg), resulted in a rapid (&lt;8 min) reversal of anaesthesia and the associated respiratory depression, and apparent full recovery of consciousness. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1258\/002367792780809075","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,5,28]],"date-time":"2007-05-28T23:31:27Z","timestamp":1180395087000},"page":"15-22","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":50,"title":["Fentanyl and medetomidine anaesthesia in the rat and its reversal using atipamazole and either nalbuphine or butorphanol"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"C.","family":"Hu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory Animal Centre, National University of Singapore, Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P. A.","family":"Flecknell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Comparative Biology Centre, Medical School, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. H.","family":"Liles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Comparative Biology Centre, Medical School, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1992,1,1]]},"container-title":["Laboratory Animals"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1258\/002367792780809075","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1258\/002367792780809075","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,1]],"date-time":"2025-03-01T03:03:33Z","timestamp":1740798213000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1258\/002367792780809075"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1992,1,1]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1992,1,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1258\/002367792780809075"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1258\/002367792780809075","relation":{},"ISSN":["0023-6772","1758-1117"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0023-6772","type":"print"},{"value":"1758-1117","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1992,1,1]]}}}