{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T01:19:23Z","timestamp":1791422363786,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1999,10,1]],"date-time":"1999-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":938736000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int J STD AIDS"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1999,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> This paper concerns the ophthalmic assessment of patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) for a number of eye conditions and in particular cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis. CMV has been the most common opportunistic infection associated with AIDS and the leading cause of blindness among AIDS patients. There have been early indications of a widespread fall in CMV prevalence internationally following the introduction of a new highly active antiretroviral triple (HAART) therapy. Our study sought to assess the position for Ireland. Our cohort was the entire population of stage IV AIDS patients attending the country's leading referral centre. The total number of patients examined was 167 and the period of examination was 1 May 1995 to 30 April 1997. HAART was introduced in March 1996, so the data permitted a \u2018before and after\u2019 comparison of various clinical findings. The incidence of new CMV cases was found to be 4 among the 102 patients examined in the first 12-month period and one among 107 patients examined in the second 12-month period. There were accompanying declines in HIV-related non-infectious retinal vasculopathy (HIVR), keratitis and other conditions. The findings are promising, but we argue that caution is needed in assessing long-term trends. In the paper we discuss a number of methodological issues in the collection and analysis of the clinical data and in the interpretation of results. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1258\/0956462991913213","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,10,16]],"date-time":"2002-10-16T09:48:30Z","timestamp":1034761710000},"page":"652-656","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Monitoring Cytomegalovirus Retinitis Prevalence in an HIV-Seropositive Cohort: The Assessment of Improvements Observed following the Introduction of Highly Active Antiretroviral Triple Therapy"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Sacha","family":"Hutchinson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, St James's Hospital, Dublin"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richeal","family":"Courtney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Royal Victoria Eye and Ear Hospital, Dublin"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fiona","family":"Mulcahy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Genito-Urinary Medicine, St James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"O'connor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, St James's Hospital, Dublin"},{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Royal Victoria Eye and Ear Hospital, Dublin"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susan Mullaney","family":"Mcophth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, St James's Hospital, Dublin"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ronan","family":"Kilbride","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Genito-Urinary Medicine, St James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1999,10,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0956462991913213","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.1992.01080220097029"},{"key":"bibr2-0956462991913213","first-page":"1069","volume":"5","author":"Pertel P.","year":"1992","journal-title":"J AIDS"},{"key":"bibr3-0956462991913213","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9394(14)71453-9"},{"issue":"1","key":"bibr4-0956462991913213","first-page":"S37","volume":"10","author":"Bowen E.F.","year":"1996","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"key":"bibr5-0956462991913213","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00002030-199707000-00008"},{"key":"bibr6-0956462991913213","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.80.9.818"},{"key":"bibr7-0956462991913213","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9394(14)70789-5"},{"key":"bibr8-0956462991913213","unstructured":"GerardM., PostelmansL., De WitS. Impact of protease inhibitors on the incidence of recurrent CMV retinitis. 5th Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections. Chicago, 1998"},{"key":"bibr9-0956462991913213","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199803263381301"},{"key":"bibr10-0956462991913213","unstructured":"ibid."},{"key":"bibr11-0956462991913213","first-page":"1088","volume-title":"Ocular Infection and Immunity.","author":"Holland G.N.","year":"1996"},{"key":"bibr12-0956462991913213","volume-title":"Occurrence and Treatment Costs of HIV-Associated CMV Disease in Australia.","author":"Kaldor J.","year":"1994"},{"key":"bibr13-0956462991913213","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/095646249400500608"},{"key":"bibr14-0956462991913213","unstructured":"CrumpackerC. Protease Inhibitors May Reduce the Incidence of CMV Disease (www.piv.org\/Protease_inhibitors.html)"}],"container-title":["International Journal of STD &amp; AIDS"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1258\/0956462991913213","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1258\/0956462991913213","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,27]],"date-time":"2025-01-27T16:56:44Z","timestamp":1737997004000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1258\/0956462991913213"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1999,10]]},"references-count":14,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1999,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1258\/0956462991913213"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1258\/0956462991913213","relation":{},"ISSN":["0956-4624","1758-1052"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0956-4624","type":"print"},{"value":"1758-1052","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1999,10]]}}}