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Patients with heatstroke present with a core body temperature above 40\u00b0C, multiorgan dysfunction and central nervous system disorder. The pathogenesis of heatstroke is not fully understood; however, heat-shock proteins, inflammatory cytokines and their modulators have been implicated. The clinical biochemistry laboratory plays an important role in the management of patients with heatstroke. Biochemical findings in patients with heatstroke include elevated urea, creatinine, cardiac and skeletal muscle enzymes, myoglobin and troponin. There is also biochemical evidence of metabolic acidosis, respiratory alkalosis, hepatic injury with elevated enzyme levels as well as abnormal hematological and coagulation indices. This review article aims at increasing awareness of the biochemical changes seen in patients with heatstroke and their possible role in prognosis and in elucidating the pathogenesis of heatstroke.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1258\/acb.2010.010186","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,10,6]],"date-time":"2010-10-06T21:05:31Z","timestamp":1286399131000},"page":"516-523","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":42,"title":["Clinical biochemistry of hyperthermia"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"47","author":[{"given":"Ibrahim A","family":"Hashim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-9073, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,10,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr-ACB-10-186C1","first-page":"607","volume":"50","author":"Tan TC","year":"2002","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"key":"bibr-ACB-10-186C2","first-page":"796","volume":"55","author":"Luber GE","year":"2006","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"bibr-ACB-10-186C3","first-page":"1499","volume":"303","author":"Luterbacher J","year":"2004","journal-title":"Microb Ecol"},{"key":"bibr-ACB-10-186C4","unstructured":"International Federation of Red Cross and Red Cresent Societies. 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