{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T21:58:35Z","timestamp":1777931915570,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,2,21]],"date-time":"2013-02-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1361404800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ann Clin Biochem"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Because the causes of stones are uncertain, interventions to prevent recurrence have an insecure foundation. Progress depends on careful evaluation of stone formers.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A descriptive retrospective database study of 1983 men and 816 women from the Southampton stones clinic from 1990 to March 2007. Anonymized data from the first attendance were analysed using non-parametric statistical tests.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Sex ratio (2.43:1), age (median 49 y, 2.5th-97.5th percentiles, 23-77 y men, 20-79 y women), recurrent stone formers (30%) and type of stone were similar to other centres. Women more often had a positive family history (24% versus 19% men), previous urinary infection (31% versus 5%) and structural urinary tract abnormality (14% versus 7%); more men had gout (5% versus 1%) and bladder outlet obstruction (3% versus &lt;1%). Calcium, oxalate and uric acid excretion were increased in 43%, 17% and 22% respectively of men and 31%, 7% and 10% of women. Urinary calcium, oxalate and uric acid correlated significantly, r ranging from 0.149 to 0.311 for 24 h excretion and 0.510 to 0.695 for concentrations per litre. Twenty-two percent of men and 8% of women with normal parathyroid hormone had phosphaturia (excretion of phosphate corrected for glomerular filtration rate (TmPO\n                      <jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>\n                      \/GFR) &lt; 0.70 mmol\/L); 6% men and 1.6% women also had low plasma phosphate. Many variables correlated significantly but often weakly with age. Creatinine clearance, pH and (men) TmPO4\/GFR decreased from 50 y, urine creatinine, calcium and citrate from 60 y.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Risk factors for stones differ between men and women, change with ageing and in some may have a genetic basis. The role of phosphaturia merits further exploration.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1258\/acb.2012.012122","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,15]],"date-time":"2013-04-15T20:07:16Z","timestamp":1366056436000},"page":"127-139","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":50,"title":["Demography and biochemistry of 2800 patients from a renal stones clinic"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"50","author":[{"given":"Valerie","family":"Walker","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Southampton University Hospitals NHS Trust, C Level MP 6, South Block, Tremona Road, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth M","family":"Stansbridge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Southampton University Hospitals NHS Trust, C Level MP 6, South Block, Tremona Road, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Damian G","family":"Griffin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Galway University Hospital, Galway, Republic of Ireland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,2,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-acb.2012.012122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI26662"},{"key":"bibr2-acb.2012.012122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1797.2006.00724.x"},{"key":"bibr3-acb.2012.012122","first-page":"249","volume-title":"Metabolic Bone and Stone Disease.","author":"Robertson WG.","year":"1993"},{"key":"bibr4-acb.2012.012122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000151730"},{"key":"bibr5-acb.2012.012122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eursup.2011.07.002"},{"key":"bibr6-acb.2012.012122","unstructured":"Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. 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