{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T15:44:49Z","timestamp":1777477489363,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,10,1]],"date-time":"2011-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1317427200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Acta Radiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Chronic allograft nephropathy (CAN) characterized by interstitial fibrosis and tubular atrophy is a major cause of renal transplant failure. The diagnosis can currently only be verified by a graft biopsy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To evaluate whether non-invasive dynamic color Doppler sonographic parenchymal perfusion measurements are different in grafts with various degrees of biopsy proven renal transplant fibrosis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Material and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Forty-nine adult patients were prospectively included. Four patients were excluded. Color Doppler videos from the renal cortex were recorded. Perfusion in the renal cortex was evaluated using a software package which calculates color pixel area and flow velocity, encoded by each pixel inside a region of interest of a video sequence. The software calculates parameters that describe tissue perfusion numerically. Two of these, the perfusion intensity and tissue pulsatility index, were compared to grade of interstitial fibrosis (0\u20133) in biopsies. Observer agreement was evaluated in a subset of 12 patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Of the 45 patients analyzed, 18 patients had grade 0, 18 had grade 1, seven had grade 2 and two had grade 3 fibrosis. The mean perfusion intensity of grade 0 was significantly higher than that of grade 2 and 3 fibrosis in the proximal cortical layer (1.65 m\/s vs. 0.84 m\/s, P = 0.008). No significant difference was found between grade 0 and grade 1 fibrosis. Perfusion intensity was correlated to estimated glomerular filtration rate (Pearson r 0.51, P = 0.001, R\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      = 0.26 and 0.46, P = 0.001, R\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      = 0.22 in the distal and proximal cortex, respectively). Inter-observer agreement of the perfusion intensity, expressed as intraclass correlation coefficient was 0.69 in the proximal part of the cortex. Intra-observer agreement was 0.85 for observer 1 and 0.82 for observer 2.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Perfusion intensity assessed by dynamic color Doppler measurements is significantly reduced in allografts with grade 2 and 3 fibrosis compared to allografts without fibrosis. Further studies involving longitudinal assessment of allografts undergoing protocol biopsies would be of interest.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1258\/ar.2011.110215","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,8,27]],"date-time":"2011-08-27T01:11:17Z","timestamp":1314407477000},"page":"920-926","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Non-invasive assessment of renal allograft fibrosis by dynamic sonographic tissue perfusion measurement"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"52","author":[{"given":"Trygve","family":"Syversveen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Knut","family":"Brabrand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Karsten","family":"Midtvedt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Nephrology, Medical Department, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Erik H","family":"Str\u00f8m","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anders","family":"Hartmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Nephrology, Medical Department, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet"},{"name":"Medical Faculty, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Audun Elnaes","family":"Berstad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet"},{"name":"Medical Faculty, University of Oslo, 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