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These aspects are of interest and preoccupation, since human beings are exposed to a growing number of endocrine-disrupting chemicals with androgenic potential. Therefore, our aim was to evaluate the prostates of adult gerbils exposed to testosterone during intrauterine life. Serological, morphological, morphometric-stereologic, immunohistochemical and three-dimensional reconstruction analyses were used. We found that the testosterone effects were dose-dependent and more harmful to females, leading to the development of masculine characteristics, evidenced by an increased anogenital distance, and absence of vaginal opening and the ectopic development of prostatic tissue. Moreover, premalignant lesions, such as prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia, were observed in addition to inflammatory foci in the prostate. The results showed that the prenatal exposure to testosterone may affect the reproductive system, disrupting developmental processes and increasing susceptibility to the development of prostatic diseases in the Mongolian gerbil.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1258\/ebm.2012.012051","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,18]],"date-time":"2013-06-18T16:17:59Z","timestamp":1371572279000},"page":"1298-1309","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Prenatal testosterone exposure as a model for the study of endocrine-disrupting chemicals on the gerbil prostate"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"237","author":[{"given":"Manoel F","family":"Biancardi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biology, UNICAMP, Campinas, S\u00e3o Paulo, CP 6109, 13084-864;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ana PS","family":"Perez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biology, UNICAMP, Campinas, S\u00e3o Paulo, CP 6109, 13084-864;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rejane M","family":"G\u00f3es","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Microscopy and Microanalysis, Department of Biology, IBILCE, S\u00e3o Paulo State University, S\u00e3o Jos\u00e9 do Rio Preto, S\u00e3o Paulo 15054-000;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fernanda CA","family":"Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Morphology, Federal University of Goi\u00e1s, Goi\u00e2nia, Goi\u00e1s 74001-970;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Patr\u00edcia SL","family":"Vilamaior","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biological Sciences and Veterinary Medicine School, Rio Preto Universitary Center - UNIRP, S\u00e3o Jos\u00e9 do Rio Preto, S\u00e3o Paulo 15025-400, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sebasti\u00e3o R","family":"Taboga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biology, UNICAMP, Campinas, S\u00e3o Paulo, CP 6109, 13084-864;"},{"name":"Laboratory of Microscopy and Microanalysis, Department of Biology, IBILCE, S\u00e3o Paulo State University, S\u00e3o Jos\u00e9 do Rio Preto, S\u00e3o Paulo 15054-000;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-ebm.2012.012051","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.99107s4613"},{"key":"bibr2-ebm.2012.012051","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000152042"},{"key":"bibr3-ebm.2012.012051","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aquatox.2005.10.008"},{"key":"bibr4-ebm.2012.012051","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxlet.2007.08.008"},{"key":"bibr5-ebm.2012.012051","first-page":"310","volume":"144","author":"Urbatzka R","year":"2007","journal-title":"Comp Biochem Physiol C"},{"key":"bibr6-ebm.2012.012051","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1742-7843.2007.00166.x"},{"key":"bibr7-ebm.2012.012051","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0409703102"},{"key":"bibr8-ebm.2012.012051","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0502544102"},{"key":"bibr9-ebm.2012.012051","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/onc.2008.327"},{"key":"bibr10-ebm.2012.012051","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod61.1.200"},{"key":"bibr11-ebm.2012.012051","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tem.2004.09.006"},{"key":"bibr12-ebm.2012.012051","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2613.2008.00618.x"},{"key":"bibr13-ebm.2012.012051","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod.108.070540"},{"key":"bibr14-ebm.2012.012051","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod.106.051789"},{"key":"bibr15-ebm.2012.012051","first-page":"3","volume":"3","author":"Santos FCA","year":"2006","journal-title":"Anim Reprod"},{"key":"bibr16-ebm.2012.012051","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/genetics\/32.4.369"},{"key":"bibr17-ebm.2012.012051","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000143878"},{"key":"bibr18-ebm.2012.012051","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0940-9602(02)80051-6"},{"key":"bibr19-ebm.2012.012051","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ar.21250"},{"key":"bibr20-ebm.2012.012051","volume-title":"The Human Female Prostate: From Vestigial Skene's Paraurethral Glands and Ducts to Woman's Functional Prostate.","author":"Zavia\u010di\u010d? 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