{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,12]],"date-time":"2025-09-12T18:16:27Z","timestamp":1757700987330,"version":"3.33.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,5,1]],"date-time":"2011-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1304208000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J STD AIDS"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> In addition to oncogenic \u2018high-risk\u2019 human papillomaviruses (HR-HPV), several co-factors are needed in cervical carcinogenesis, but it is poorly understood whether these HPV co-factors associated with incident cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) grade 1 are different from those required for progression to CIN2 and CIN3. To gain further insights into the true biological differences between CIN1, CIN2 and CIN3, we assessed HPV co-factors increasing the risk of incident CIN1, CIN2 and CIN3. Data from the New Independent States of the Former Soviet Union (NIS) Cohort ( n = 3187) and the Latin American Screening (LAMS) Study ( n = 12,114) were combined, and co-factors associated with progression to CIN1, CIN2 and CIN3 were analysed using multinomial logistic regression models with all covariates recorded at baseline. HR-HPV-positive women ( n = 1105) represented a subcohort of all 1865 women prospectively followed up in both studies. Altogether, 90 (4.8%), 39 (2.1%) and 14 (1.4%) cases progressed to CIN1, CIN2 and CIN3, respectively. Baseline HR-HPV was the single most powerful predictor of incident CIN1, CIN2 and CIN3. When controlled for residual HPV confounding by analysing HR-HPV-positive women only, the risk profiles of incident CIN1, CIN2 and CIN3 were unique. Completely different HPV co-factors were associated with progression to CIN1, CIN2 and CIN3 in univariate and multivariate analyses, irrespective of whether non-progression, CIN1 or CIN2 was used as the reference outcome. HPV co-factors associated with progression to CIN1, CIN2 and CIN3 display unique profiles, implicating genuine biological differences between the three CIN grades, which prompts us to re-visit the concept of combining CIN2 with CIN3 or CIN1. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1258\/ijsa.2009.009280","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,5,13]],"date-time":"2011-05-13T17:14:12Z","timestamp":1305306852000},"page":"263-272","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Co-factors of high-risk human papillomavirus infections display unique profiles in incident CIN1, CIN2 and CIN3"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"K","family":"Syrj\u00e4nen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy, Turku University Hospital, Savitehtaankatu 1, 20521 Turku, Finland;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"I","family":"Shabalova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Russian Academy of Post-Graduate Medical Education, Moscow, Russia;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"P","family":"Naud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre and Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S","family":"Derchain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, Brazil;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"L","family":"Sarian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, Brazil;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"V","family":"Kozachenko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Russian Academy of Post-Graduate Medical Education, Moscow, Russia;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S","family":"Zakharchenko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Novgorod Municipal Dermato-venereological Dispensary, Department of Gynaecology, Novgorod, Russia;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C","family":"Roteli-Martins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital Leonor M de Barras, Sao Paulo, Brazil;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R","family":"Nerovjna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Novgorod Female Consultative Outpatient Hospital, Department of Gynaecology, Novgorod, Russia;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A","family":"Longatto-Filho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Adolfo Lutz, Sao Paulo, Brazil and Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Health Sciences, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"L","family":"Kljukina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Institute of Oncology and Medical Radiology, Republican Centre of Clinical Cytology, Minsk, Belarus;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S","family":"Tatti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"First Chair Gynecology Hospital de Clinicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M","family":"Branovskaja","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Minsk State Medical Institute, Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Minsk, Belarus;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M","family":"Branca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Cytopathology, National Centre of Epidemiology, Surveillance and Promotion of Health, National Institute of Health (ISS), Rome, Italy;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"V","family":"Grunjberga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Latvian Cancer Centre, Department of Gynaecology, and Laboratory of Cytology, Riga, Latvia;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M","family":"Er\u017een","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SIZE Diagnostic Center, Ljubljana, Slovenia;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A","family":"Juschenko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Latvian Cancer Centre, Department of Gynaecology, and Laboratory of Cytology, Riga, Latvia;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"L Serpa","family":"Hammes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Russian Academy of Post-Graduate Medical Education, Moscow, Russia;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S","family":"Costa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, S. 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