{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T13:19:53Z","timestamp":1791206393281,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":8,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,9,1]],"date-time":"2010-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1283299200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int J STD AIDS"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> Although vaccination with Bacille Calmette-Gu\u00e9rin (BCG) is considered safe, adverse regional ( BCG-itis) and disseminated ( BCG-osis) diseases preferentially occur in the immunocompromised host. The infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) by mother-to-child transmission leads to impaired cellular immune responses, a situation that poses a great challenge regarding the universal use of BCG vaccine. World Health Organization recommends that children who are known to be HIV-infected, even if asymptomatic, should no longer be immunized with BCG. Many of the complications of BCG vaccination occur in severely immunosuppressed HIV-infected children and are related to late institution of antiretroviral and antimycobacterial therapy. We report two cases of BCG-itis in HIV-infected infants, who fulfilled clinical criteria of immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome: axillary adenitis, one with suppuration, and both temporally associated with precocious restoration of immunity elicited by the use of antiretroviral therapy. Isoniazid (10 mg\/kg\/day) was offered until regression of adenopathies, and lesions were not handled. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1258\/ijsa.2010.010267","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,11,19]],"date-time":"2010-11-19T21:53:21Z","timestamp":1290203601000},"page":"662-663","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["<i>BCG-itis<\/i> in two antiretroviral-treated HIV-infected infants"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"R C","family":"de Souza Campos Fernandes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Municipal Program for the Surveillance of Sexually Transmitted Diseases and AIDS"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine of Campos"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E","family":"Medina-Acosta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State University of the North Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,9,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr-IJSA-10-267C1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/tropej\/fmp018"},{"key":"bibr-IJSA-10-267C2","first-page":"193","volume":"82","author":"WHO","year":"2007","journal-title":"Wkly Epidemiol Rec"},{"key":"bibr-IJSA-10-267C3","first-page":"1331","volume":"13","author":"Azzopardi P","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int J Tuberc Lung Dis"},{"key":"bibr-IJSA-10-267C4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/433177"},{"key":"bibr-IJSA-10-267C5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.inf.0000225786.00940.37"},{"key":"bibr-IJSA-10-267C6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.aids.0000131375.21070.06"},{"key":"bibr-IJSA-10-267C7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/COH.0b013e3282fe9693"},{"key":"bibr-IJSA-10-267C8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.inf.0000126593.21006.ac"}],"container-title":["International Journal of STD &amp; AIDS"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1258\/ijsa.2010.010267","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1258\/ijsa.2010.010267","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1258\/ijsa.2010.010267","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,28]],"date-time":"2025-01-28T03:29:07Z","timestamp":1738034947000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1258\/ijsa.2010.010267"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2010,9]]},"references-count":8,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1258\/ijsa.2010.010267"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1258\/ijsa.2010.010267","relation":{},"ISSN":["0956-4624","1758-1052"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0956-4624","type":"print"},{"value":"1758-1052","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2010,9]]}}}