{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,3]],"date-time":"2026-10-03T17:49:45Z","timestamp":1791049785682,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,5,31]],"date-time":"2010-05-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1275264000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J R Soc Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,6,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Summary<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Adverse drug reactions (ADR) are an important cause of morbidity and mortality. We analysed trends in hospital admissions associated with ADRs in English hospitals between 1999 and 2008.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Data from the Hospital Episode Statistics database were examined for all English hospital admissions (1999\u20132008) with a primary or secondary diagnosis of an ADR recorded.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>All NHS (public) hospitals in England.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Main outcome measures<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The number of admissions and in-hospital mortality rate with a primary (codes including \u2018adverse drug reaction\u2019, \u2018drug-induced\u2019, \u2018due to drug\u2019, \u2018due to medicament\u2019 or \u2018drug allergy\u2019) or secondary diagnosis of ADR (ICD-10 Y40-59) were obtained and analysed. Further analysis for the year 2008\u20132009 was performed with regard to age, gender, proportion aged &gt;65 yrs and total bed-days.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Between 1999 and 2008, there were 557,978 ADR-associated admissions, representing 0.9% of total hospital admissions. Over this period the annual number of ADRs increased by 76.8% (from 42,453 to 75,076), and in-hospital mortality rate increased by 10% (from 4.3% to 4.7%). In 2008, there were 6,830,067 emergency admissions of which 75,076 (1.1%) were drug-related. Systemic agents were most commonly implicated (19.2%), followed by analgesics (13.3%) and cardiovascular drugs (12.9%).There has been a near two-fold increase in nephropathy and cardiovascular consequences secondary to drugs and a 6.8% fall in mental and behavioural disorders due to drugs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>ADRs have a major impact on public health. Our data suggest the number of ADR admissions has increased at a greater rate than the increase in total hospital admissions; some of this may be due to improved diagnostic coding. However, in-hospital mortality due to ADR admissions also increased during the period. Our findings should prompt policymakers to implement further measures to reduce ADR incidence and their associated in-hospital mortality, and methods to improve the recording of ADRs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1258\/jrsm.2010.100113","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,5,31]],"date-time":"2010-05-31T19:25:07Z","timestamp":1275333907000},"page":"239-250","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":113,"title":["Ten-year trends in hospital admissions for adverse drug reactions in                England 1999\u20132009"],"prefix":"10.1258","volume":"103","author":[{"given":"Tai-Yin","family":"Wu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Primary Care and Public Health, Imperial College LondonCharing Cross Campus, London W6 8RP, UK"},{"name":"Department of Family Medicine, Taipei City Hospital, Renai BranchTaipei, Taiwan"},{"name":"Institute of Preventive Medicine, National Taiwan UniversityTaipei, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Min-Hua","family":"Jen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dr Foster Unit at Imperial College, Department of Primary Care and Public Health, Imperial College LondonLondon EC1A 9LA, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alex","family":"Bottle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dr Foster Unit at Imperial College, Department of Primary Care and Public Health, Imperial College LondonLondon EC1A 9LA, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mariam","family":"Molokhia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Non-Communicable Disease Epidemiology Unit, London School of Hygiene and Tropical MedicineLondon WC1E 7HT, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Aylin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dr Foster Unit at Imperial College, Department of Primary Care and Public Health, Imperial College LondonLondon EC1A 9LA, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Derek","family":"Bell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Imperial College LondonChelsea and Westminster Campus, London SW10 9NH, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Azeem","family":"Majeed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Primary Care and Public Health, Imperial College LondonCharing Cross Campus, London W6 8RP, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,5,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr-b1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.316.7140.1295"},{"key":"bibr-b2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2125.2003.01847.x"},{"key":"bibr-b3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.329.7456.15"},{"key":"bibr-b4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1472-6904-7-9"},{"key":"bibr-b5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4065\/79.1.122"},{"key":"bibr-b6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2125.2006.02744.x"},{"key":"bibr-b7","first-page":"1917","volume":"66","author":"Willlams CM","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am Fam Physician"},{"key":"bibr-b8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0004439"},{"key":"bibr-b9","first-page":"1837","volume":"76","author":"Pham CB","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am Fam Physician"},{"key":"bibr-b10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.163.22.2716"},{"key":"bibr-b11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afm189"},{"key":"bibr-b12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pds.1712"},{"key":"bibr-b13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-139-5_Part_2-200309021-00009"},{"key":"bibr-b14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/hc4401.100078"},{"key":"bibr-b15","unstructured":"HES Online London: Department of\n                  Health; 2009. 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