{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T02:37:43Z","timestamp":1777862263120,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,1]],"date-time":"2012-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1341100800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J R Soc Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>A variety of exotic vertebrate and invertebrate species are kept as \u2018pets\u2019 including fishes, amphibians (for example, frogs and toads), reptiles (turtles, crocodiles, lizards and snakes), birds, mammals (for example, primates, civets, and lions), and invertebrates (for example spiders, scorpions, and centipedes), and ownership of some of these animals is rising. Data for 2009\u20132011 suggest that the number of homes with reptiles rose by approximately 12.5%. Recent surveys, including only some of these animals, indicated that they might be present in around 18.6% of homes (equal to approximately 42 million animals of which around 40 million are indoor or outdoor fish). Many exotic \u2018pets\u2019 are capable of causing injury or poisoning to their keepers and some contacts prove fatal. We examined NHS Health Episode Statistics for England using selected formal categories for hospital admissions and bed days for 2004\u20132010 using the following categories of injury, envenomation or sting; bitten or struck by crocodile or alligator; bitten or crushed by other reptiles: contact with venomous snakes and lizards; contact with scorpions. Between 2004 and 2010 these data conservatively show a total of 760 full consultation episodes, 709 admissions and 2,121 hospital bed days were associated with injuries probably from exotic pets. Injuries, envenomations and stings from exotic pets constitute a small but important component of emerging medical problems. Greater awareness of relevant injuries and medical sequelae from exotic pet keeping may help medics formulate their clinical assessment and advice to patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1258\/jrsm.2012.110295","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,28]],"date-time":"2012-07-28T09:34:59Z","timestamp":1343468099000},"page":"296-299","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":36,"title":["Injuries, envenomations and stings from exotic pets"],"prefix":"10.1258","volume":"105","author":[{"given":"Clifford","family":"Warwick","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Emergent Disease Foundation, Riverside House, River Lawn Road, Tonbridge, Kent TN9 1EP, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Catrina","family":"Steedman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Emergent Disease Foundation, Riverside House, River Lawn Road, Tonbridge, Kent TN9 1EP, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr-JRSM-11-0295C1","first-page":"18","volume":"8","author":"Warwick C","year":"2011","journal-title":"Env Health News"},{"key":"bibr-JRSM-11-0295C2","unstructured":"Pet Food Manufacturer's Association; 2011 Pet Population Figures"},{"key":"bibr-JRSM-11-0295C3","unstructured":"Pet Food Manufacturer's Association; 2010 Pet Population Figures"},{"key":"bibr-JRSM-11-0295C4","unstructured":"Pet Food Manufacturer's Association; 2009 Pet Population Figures"},{"key":"bibr-JRSM-11-0295C5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.20506\/rst.23.2.1495"},{"key":"bibr-JRSM-11-0295C6","first-page":"55","volume":"43","author":"Karesh WB","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Wild Dis"},{"key":"bibr-JRSM-11-0295C7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/014107680109400306"},{"key":"bibr-JRSM-11-0295C8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/clinids\/14.3.633"},{"key":"bibr-JRSM-11-0295C9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15563650801954875"},{"key":"bibr-JRSM-11-0295C10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0972-5229.35627"},{"key":"bibr-JRSM-11-0295C11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0974-2700.43180"},{"key":"bibr-JRSM-11-0295C12","first-page":"214","volume":"45","author":"deHaro L","year":"2003","journal-title":"Vet. Hum. Toxicol"}],"container-title":["Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1258\/jrsm.2012.110295","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1258\/jrsm.2012.110295","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1258\/jrsm.2012.110295","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T05:09:17Z","timestamp":1777525757000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1258\/jrsm.2012.110295"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,7]]},"references-count":12,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1258\/jrsm.2012.110295"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1258\/jrsm.2012.110295","relation":{},"ISSN":["0141-0768","1758-1095"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0141-0768","type":"print"},{"value":"1758-1095","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,7]]}}}