{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,3]],"date-time":"2025-03-03T05:33:38Z","timestamp":1740980018978,"version":"3.38.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,4,1]],"date-time":"2010-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1270080000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Lab Anim"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> Collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) in rats is a widely used preclinical animal model of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, CIA development in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats is less severe in terms of inflammatory response compared with other strains. Therefore, a modified CIA model called MCIA, using N-acetylmuramyl dipeptide (MDP), has been developed in the less sensitive SD rat strains. This work was conducted to better understand the immunopathological role and contributions of the pro-inflammatory T-helper type 1 (Th-1) cytokines and inflammatory mediators, interleukin-1 (IL-1 \u03b2), tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF- \u03b1) and nitric oxide (NO); the anti-inflammatory T-helper type 2 (Th-2) cytokine, IL-10 and autoantibodies such as rheumatoid factor (RF)-immunoglobulin M (IgM) in this newly developed RA model. TNF-\u03b1, NO and RF-IgM levels were significantly increased, while IL-1 \u03b2 levels were not affected in this MCIA rat model. The levels of IL-10 were lower than the baseline when compared with controls. In conclusion: (1) the immunological features represented in the MCIA rat model favour the Th-1 cytokine profile over Th-2 and (2) RF-IgM can be used as a diagnostic test in preclinical RA models. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1258\/la.2009.0080132","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,10,27]],"date-time":"2009-10-27T00:45:54Z","timestamp":1256604354000},"page":"143-149","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Investigation of the role of tumour necrosis factor-<i>\u03b1<\/i>, interleukin-1<i>\u03b2<\/i>, interleukin-10, nitric oxide and rheumatoid factor-immunoglobulin M in a rat model of arthritis"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"44","author":[{"given":"M S","family":"Khalifeh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Basic Veterinary Medical Science"},{"name":"Department of Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering, Science College, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R","family":"Al-Rukibat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Pathology and Animal Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, PO Box 3030, Irbid 22110, Jordan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"W","family":"Hananeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Pathology and Animal Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, PO Box 3030, Irbid 22110, Jordan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A","family":"Boumezrag","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Basic Veterinary Medical Science"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"O","family":"Okour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Basic Veterinary Medical Science"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,4,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr-LA-08-132C1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.11342"},{"key":"bibr-LA-08-132C2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s100670050004"},{"journal-title":"Evid Based Complement Altern Med","year":"2007","author":"Chang JM","key":"bibr-LA-08-132C3"},{"key":"bibr-LA-08-132C4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/41.7.809"},{"key":"bibr-LA-08-132C5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1538\/expanim.57.101"},{"key":"bibr-LA-08-132C6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2567.1999.00841.x"},{"key":"bibr-LA-08-132C7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-59745-402-5_14"},{"key":"bibr-LA-08-132C8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1471-4906(02)02288-3"},{"key":"bibr-LA-08-132C9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s000110050396"},{"key":"bibr-LA-08-132C10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.178.2.749"},{"key":"bibr-LA-08-132C11","first-page":"1922","volume":"22","author":"Stefanovic-Racic M","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"bibr-LA-08-132C12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.184.3.1173"},{"key":"bibr-LA-08-132C13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjp.0704755"},{"key":"bibr-LA-08-132C14","unstructured":"Institute of Laboratory Animal Resources (US). 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