{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,6]],"date-time":"2026-03-06T17:46:23Z","timestamp":1772819183879,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,5,1]],"date-time":"2012-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1335830400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Scott Med J"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> Beta-blockers are recommended as first-line symptomatic treatment for stable angina. However, their impact on mortality outside the context of myocardial infarction is unknown. We performed a meta-analysis of all randomized trials of beta-blockers in stable angina. Medical databases and cardiology journals were searched for relevant randomized clinical trials. The primary outcome was cardiovascular mortality, separately considering trials of beta-blockers versus placebo and beta-blockers versus other antianginals. We conducted a subgroup analysis on cardioselective versus non-cardioselective beta-blockers and calcium channel antagonists versus nitrates. We calculated odds ratios (ORs) and confidence intervals (CIs) using Peto's method. We found no statistically significant evidence that beta-blockers impact on mortality when compared with placebo (OR, 0.42; CI, 0.15\u20131.21) or other antianginals (OR, 0.98; CI, 0.86\u20131.10), or all others (OR, 0.97; CI, 0.86\u20131.09). There was a trend for cardioselective beta-blockers to have a greater improvement in mortality when compared with placebo and to have greater impact than non-calcium channel antagonists. Beta-blockers do not have statistically significant impact on mortality versus placebo or versus other active comparators. The findings exclude a benefit of 15% or greater and a hazard of 10% or greater. The impact of cardioselectivity requires further study. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1258\/smj.2011.011274","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,5,3]],"date-time":"2012-05-03T15:38:18Z","timestamp":1336059498000},"page":"69-75","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["The impact of beta-blockers on mortality in stable angina: a meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"57","author":[{"given":"H L","family":"Huang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"K A A","family":"Fox","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"President of British Cardiovascular Society, Professor of Cardiology, Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,5,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-smj.2011.011274","volume-title":"Management of Stable Angina.","author":"The SIGN Guideline Development Group."},{"key":"bibr2-smj.2011.011274","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1586\/14779072.7.2.107"},{"issue":"2","key":"bibr3-smj.2011.011274","first-page":"CD003566","author":"Salpeter S","year":"2002","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"bibr4-smj.2011.011274","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/clc.4960270610"},{"key":"bibr5-smj.2011.011274","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.281.20.1927"},{"key":"bibr6-smj.2011.011274","volume-title":"An Evaluation of Beta Blockers, Calcium Antagonists, Nitrates, and Alternative Therapies for Stable Angina.","author":"Heidenreich PA","year":"1999"},{"key":"bibr7-smj.2011.011274","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3310\/hta2100"},{"key":"bibr8-smj.2011.011274","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1982.03320370021023"},{"key":"bibr9-smj.2011.011274","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ehj\/9.1.8"},{"key":"bibr10-smj.2011.011274","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.330.7499.1059"},{"key":"bibr11-smj.2011.011274","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1388-9842(01)00144-1"},{"key":"bibr12-smj.2011.011274","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2008.09.031"},{"key":"bibr13-smj.2011.011274","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mhj.2002.120768"},{"key":"bibr14-smj.2011.011274","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000035653.72855.BF"},{"key":"bibr15-smj.2011.011274","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.283.10.1295"},{"issue":"1","key":"bibr16-smj.2011.011274","first-page":"CD005152","author":"Dong BR","year":"2005","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"bibr17-smj.2011.011274","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0033-0620(85)80003-7"},{"key":"bibr18-smj.2011.011274","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/bjc.1977.1"},{"key":"bibr19-smj.2011.011274","volume-title":"Review Manager (RevMan) Version 5.0 for Windows [Computer program].","author":"The Cochrane Collaboration.","year":"2008"}],"container-title":["Scottish Medical Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1258\/smj.2011.011274","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1258\/smj.2011.011274","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1258\/smj.2011.011274","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,2]],"date-time":"2025-03-02T15:09:10Z","timestamp":1740928150000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1258\/smj.2011.011274"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,5]]},"references-count":19,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1258\/smj.2011.011274"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1258\/smj.2011.011274","relation":{},"ISSN":["0036-9330","2045-6441"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0036-9330","type":"print"},{"value":"2045-6441","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,5]]}}}