{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T11:28:14Z","timestamp":1777462094169,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,1,1]],"date-time":"2010-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1262304000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Trop Doct"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> We report three cases of meningo-encephalitis caused by Cryptococcous neoformans var. gattii in apparently immunocompetent children presenting to a provincial hospital in Papua New Guinea (PNG) over a nine-month period. After a postmortem diagnosis was made in the first case, a further two were identified quickly using Indian ink staining of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). The second case had a complicated course and recovered after relapse. The third made a full recovery with appropriate antifungal therapy. Despite the fact that an environmental reservoir has not been established, cryptococcal meningo-encephalitis occurs regularly in PNG. In developing countries such as PNG, a lack of laboratory resources and limited therapeutic options can complicate the management of severe infections such as cryptococcosis. Nevertheless, with inexpensive diagnostic tests (such as Indian ink staining of CSF), a high index of suspicion and a pragmatic approach to antifungal therapy, good therapeutic outcomes can be achieved. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1258\/td.2009.090333","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,1,15]],"date-time":"2010-01-15T02:26:32Z","timestamp":1263522392000},"page":"61-63","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Cryptococcal meningitis in immunocompetent Papua New Guinean children"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"M","family":"Laman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Papua New Guinea Institute of Medical Research, Madang"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"I","family":"Hwaihwanje","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Paediatrics Division, Modilon General Hospital, Madang, Papua New Guinea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"T M E","family":"Davis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Western Australia, Fremantle Hospital, PO Box 480, Fremantle, Western Australia, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"L","family":"Manning","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Western Australia, Fremantle Hospital, PO Box 480, Fremantle, Western Australia, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,1,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr-TD-09-0333C1","volume-title":"Human Torulosis, a Clinical, Pathological and Microbiological Study with a Report of 13 Cases","author":"Cox LB","year":"1946"},{"key":"bibr-TD-09-0333C2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02681219780001561"},{"key":"bibr-TD-09-0333C3","first-page":"161","volume":"37","author":"Brown N","year":"1994","journal-title":"Papua and New Guinea Medical Journal"},{"key":"bibr-TD-09-0333C4","first-page":"343","volume":"87","author":"Lalloo D","year":"1994","journal-title":"The Quarterly Journal of Medicine"},{"key":"bibr-TD-09-0333C5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0035-9203(96)90479-4"},{"key":"bibr-TD-09-0333C6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/qjmed\/89.6.423"},{"key":"bibr-TD-09-0333C7","unstructured":"WHO. 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