{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T03:24:02Z","timestamp":1791948242991,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1016","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,8,1]],"date-time":"2012-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1343779200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,8,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the radiological and clinical findings of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) after liver transplantation.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>Methods: This study included 25 consecutive liver transplant recipients with histologically confirmed IPA after liver transplantation. Radiological examinations performed for diagnosis were available in all patients. Clinical findings and changes in clinical response and radiological findings after treatment were also evaluated.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>Results: 3 main radiological findings were identified: nodules, 64% (16\/25); masses, 36% (9\/25); and consolidations in a patchy pattern, 20% (5\/25). A tree-in-bud pattern was found in 12% (3\/25) of patients. In 8 (32%) of 25 patients, we found a combination of 2 or more of these signs: 5 (20%) patients presented with concurrent nodules accompanied by patchy consolidations and\/or tree-in-bud, and 3 (12%) patients showed masses accompanied by large consolidations. A halo sign was observed in 20 (80%) of 25 patients. Hypodense sign and cavitary lesions were encountered in 17 (68%) of 25 patients. Follow-up radiological findings after treatment showed improvement in 18 patients, no change in 4 patients and progression in 3 patients. There were three aspergillosis-associated deaths during the follow-up period. The onset time of IPA was a median of 31 days after transplantation. The most common symptom at diagnosis was fever (n=15). None of the 25 patients had leukopaenia at the time of the diagnosis of IPA.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>Conclusions: The most common radiological findings of IPA after liver transplantation are multiple nodules with or without halo sign, masses and consolidations, which usually appear about 1 month after transplantation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1259\/bjr\/39784231","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,4,12]],"date-time":"2012-04-12T05:59:01Z","timestamp":1334210341000},"page":"e429-e435","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Radiological and clinical findings of 25 patients with invasive pulmonary aspergillosis: retrospective analysis of 2150 liver transplantation cases"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"85","author":[{"given":"J","family":"Qin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology\/Institute of Interventional Radiology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Y","family":"Fang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology\/Institute of Interventional Radiology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Y","family":"Dong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology\/Institute of Interventional Radiology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology\/Institute of Interventional Radiology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Respiratory Department of Internal Medicine, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Y","family":"An","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Liver Transplantation Center, the Third Affiliated Hospital of sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H","family":"Shan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology\/Institute of Interventional Radiology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024050213272002800_b1","first-page":"368","article-title":"Analysis of 565 cases of liver transplantation at a single transplantation center. [Article in Chinese.]","volume":"41","author":"Zhu","year":"2009","journal-title":"Beijing Da Xue Xue Bao"},{"key":"2024050213272002800_b2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1452","DOI":"10.1002\/lt.20624","article-title":"Bacterial, mycobacterial, and protozoal infections after liver transplantation\u2013part I.","volume":"11","author":"Blair","year":"2005","journal-title":"Liver Transpl"},{"key":"2024050213272002800_b3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3505","DOI":"10.1016\/j.transproceed.2007.05.085","article-title":"A case of successful resection after long-term medical treatment of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis following living donor liver transplantation.","volume":"39","author":"Takeda","year":"2007","journal-title":"Transplant Proc"},{"key":"2024050213272002800_b4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1038\/bmt.2009.39","article-title":"Risk factors for invasive aspergillosis and related mortality in recipients of allogeneic SCT from alternative donors: an analysis of 306 patients.","volume":"44","author":"Mikulska","year":"2009","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transplant"},{"key":"2024050213272002800_b5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1086\/509917","article-title":"Imaging findings in acute invasive pulmonary aspergillosis: clinical significance of the halo sign.","volume":"44","author":"Greene","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"2024050213272002800_b6","first-page":"242","article-title":"Pulmonary aspergillosis: clinical presentation, diagnostic tests, management and complications.","volume":"16","author":"Sherif","year":"2010","journal-title":"Curr Opin Pulm Med"},{"key":"2024050213272002800_b7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4091","DOI":"10.1016\/j.transproceed.2005.09.182","article-title":"Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in solid organ and bone marrow transplant recipients.","volume":"37","author":"Trullas","year":"2005","journal-title":"Transplant 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outcome?","volume":"55","author":"Horger","year":"2005","journal-title":"Eur J Radiol"},{"key":"2024050213272002800_b17","first-page":"55","article-title":"Invasive fungal infections following renal transplantation: a review of 2410 recipients.","volume":"13","author":"Einollahi","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ann Transplant"},{"key":"2024050213272002800_b18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2759","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-6143.2006.01545.x","article-title":"Clinical and radiologic factors associated with pulmonary nodule etiology in organ transplant recipients.","volume":"6","author":"Copp","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Transplant"},{"key":"2024050213272002800_b19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1097\/01.rti.0000213552.16011.ad","article-title":"Pulmonary invasive aspergillosis and candidiasis in immunocompromised patients: a comparative study of the high-resolution CT findings.","volume":"21","author":"Althoff 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