{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,8]],"date-time":"2026-07-08T00:13:43Z","timestamp":1783469623294,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1016","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,8,1]],"date-time":"2012-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1343779200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,8,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Objective: Thoracic ganglioneuroma is sporadic and rarely reported. Pre-operative misdiagnosis often occurs in clinical practice. To improve diagnostic accuracy and facilitate differential diagnosis, we summarised the CT and MRI findings of thoracic ganglioneuroma.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>Methods: 22 cases of thoracic ganglioneuroma confirmed by surgery and pathology were retrospectively analysed in terms of CT (16 cases) and MRI data (6 cases).<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>Results: Of 22 lesions, 19 occurred in the posterior mediastinum, 2 in the lateral pleura and 1 in the right chest. The CT value of the plain scans ranged from 20 to 40 HU (mean 29.1 HU) in 16 cases. Punctate calcification was noted in four cases. Patchy fat density shadow was found in one case. Arterial-phase CT found nearly no enhancement (6 cases) or slight enhancement (10 cases) with a CT value of 0\u201312 HU (mean 5.8 HU). In the delayed phase, enhancement was strengthened progressively, and CT value of 10\u201320 HU (mean 13.6 HU) was achieved after 120 s. T \u00a01 weighted images showed homogeneous hypointense signals in five cases and hypointense signals mixed with patchy hyperintense signal shadow in one case. T \u00a02 weighted images demonstrated heterogeneous hyperintense signals in all six cases, of which the whorled appearance was noted in one case. Gadolinium-diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (Gd-DTPA)-enhanced MRI found mildly heterogeneous enhancement in the arterial phase, and progressive mild enhancement in the delayed phase.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>Conclusion: Thoracic ganglioneuroma shows hypodensity in plain CT. On CT and MRI, non-enhancement or slight enhancement in artery phase and progressive mild enhancement in delay phase are characteristic manifestations of ganglioneuroma in the thorax.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1259\/bjr\/53395088","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,5,10]],"date-time":"2012-05-10T04:58:53Z","timestamp":1336625933000},"page":"e365-e372","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":42,"title":["CT and MRI findings of thoracic ganglioneuroma"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"85","author":[{"given":"Y B","family":"Guan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China"},{"name":"Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical College, Guangzhou, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"W D","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Q S","family":"Zeng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical College, Guangzhou, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G Q","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical College, Guangzhou, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J X","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024050213350072100_b1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"594","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.242035077","article-title":"Posterior 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