{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,18]],"date-time":"2026-10-18T23:59:16Z","timestamp":1792367956602,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1119","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,20]],"date-time":"2021-01-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1611100800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>To investigate the non-invasive prediction of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with vessels encapsulating tumor clusters (VETC) based on qualitative and quantitative imaging features of gadolinium-ethoxybenzyl-diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid (Gd-EOB-DTPA)-enhanced MRI.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>109 patients with pathologically confirmed HCC who underwent Gd-EOB-DTPA enhanced MRI and immunochemical staining for CD34 were retrospectively evaluated in our institution (the first affiliated hospital of Soochow university). Pre-operative imaging features of Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced MRI were qualitatively and quantitatively reviewed by radiologists. Significant variables for differentiating the VETC-positive and VETC-negative HCCs were identified in univariate and multivariate analyses. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was performed to determine the optimal cut-off values for quantitative variables. The nomogram based on the coefficient of multivariate analysis was constructed to evaluate the probability of VETC-positive HCCs.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The multivariate analysis showed that the serum AST level &amp;gt;40\u2009U \u2009l\u22121 (p = 0.007), non-rim diffuse and heterogeneous arterial phase hyperenhancement (p = 0.035), tumor-to-liver SI ratio of 1.135 or more on AP images (p = 0.001), and tumor-to-liver SI ratio of 0.585 or less on HBP images (p = 0.002) were significant predictors for predicting VETC-positive HCCs. Combing all four significant variables provided a diagnostic accuracy of 82.6%, sensitivity of 83.9%, specificity of 80.9% for identifying VETC status. The area under the receiver operating characteristics curve value of the logistical regression coefficient-based nomogram was 0.885 (95% confidence intervals, 0.824\u20130.946).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Qualitative and quantitative imaging features of Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced MRI integrating laboratory examination can provide good diagnostic performance.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Advances in knowledge:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>VETC is a novel identified microvascular pattern; associations between imaging features and VETC status have not been investigated. Pre-operative diagnosis of VETC status in HCC is essential to help predict the outcome of patients and make a decision for the therapeutic schedule.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1259\/bjr.20200950","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,8]],"date-time":"2021-01-08T18:51:52Z","timestamp":1610131912000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":48,"title":["Imaging features based on Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced MRI for predicting vessels encapsulating tumor clusters (VETC) in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"94","author":[{"given":"Yanfen","family":"Fan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University , Suzhou , China"},{"name":"Institute of Medical Imaging of Soochow University , Suzhou , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yixing","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University , Suzhou , China"},{"name":"Institute of Medical Imaging of Soochow University , Suzhou , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mengjie","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University , Suzhou , China"},{"name":"Institute of Medical Imaging of Soochow University , Suzhou , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ximing","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University , Suzhou , China"},{"name":"Institute of Medical Imaging of Soochow University , Suzhou , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mingzhan","family":"Du","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University , Suzhou , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lingchuan","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University , Suzhou , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chunhong","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University , Suzhou , China"},{"name":"Institute of Medical Imaging of Soochow University , Suzhou , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024050215233539600_b1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"599","DOI":"10.1038\/s41571-018-0073-4","article-title":"Molecular therapies and precision medicine for hepatocellular carcinoma","volume":"15","author":"Llovet","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat Rev Clin 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