{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T14:04:42Z","timestamp":1753884282522,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1126","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,8]],"date-time":"2021-07-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1625702400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The epitrochlear lymph nodes (ELN) are rarely examined clinically and are difficult to identify radiologically in healthy patients. They are, therefore, generally under appreciated as a source of significant pathology. Despite this, enlargement of an ELN is almost always secondary to a pathological process, the differential for which is relatively narrow. The following pictorial review illustrates the spectrum of infectious, inflammatory and malignant conditions affecting the ELN, some of which are quite specific to this location. We also emphasise the importance of distinguishing enlarged ELNs from benign and malignant non-nodal soft tissue masses, which can have very similar clinical presentation and imaging appearances.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1259\/bjr.20210236","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,8]],"date-time":"2021-07-08T08:48:02Z","timestamp":1625734082000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Soft tissue masses of the epitrochlear region"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"94","author":[{"given":"William","family":"Tilden","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, The Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital , Stanmore , UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Asif","family":"Saifuddin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, The Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital , Stanmore , UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024050215551898300_b1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1227","DOI":"10.1007\/s00256-016-2407-6","article-title":"Epitrochlear cat scratch disease: unique imaging features allowing differentiation from other soft tissue masses of the medial arm","volume":"45","author":"Bernard","year":"2016","journal-title":"Skeletal Radiol"},{"issue":"11-12","key":"2024050215551898300_b2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"888","DOI":"10.1080\/00365540310016899","article-title":"Tuberculosis presenting as epitrochlear lymphadenitis","volume":"35","author":"Crum","year":"2003","journal-title":"Scand J Infect Dis"},{"key":"2024050215551898300_b3","first-page":"159","article-title":"Enlarged epitrochlear lymph nodes: an old physical sign revisited","volume":"26","author":"Selby","year":"1992","journal-title":"J R Coll Physicians Lond"},{"key":"2024050215551898300_b4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.184.1.01840193","article-title":"Imaging findings of kimura\u2019s disease in the soft tissue of the upper extremity","volume":"184","author":"Choi","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am J Roentgenol"},{"key":"2024050215551898300_b5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1213","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(20010401)91:7<1213::AID-CNCR1121>3.0.CO;2-M","article-title":"Significance of epitrochlear lymph node involvement in Hodgkin disease","volume":"91","author":"Chang","year":"2001","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"2024050215551898300_b6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"232470961770670","DOI":"10.1177\/2324709617706709","article-title":"An unusual first manifestation of Hodgkin lymphoma: Epitrochlear lymph node \u0130nvolvement\u2014A case report and brief review of literature","volume":"5","author":"Yardimci","year":"2017","journal-title":"J of Med High Impact Case Rep"},{"key":"2024050215551898300_b7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.3390\/healthcare2010125","article-title":"Melanoma of the hand: current practice and new frontiers","volume":"2","author":"Turner","year":"2014","journal-title":"Healthcare"},{"key":"2024050215551898300_b8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"697","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1445-2197.1992.tb07065.x","article-title":"Squamous cell carcinoma of the skin of the trunk and limbs: the incidence of metastases and their outcome","volume":"62","author":"Joseph","year":"1992","journal-title":"Aust N Z J Surg"},{"key":"2024050215551898300_b9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1007\/s00256-019-03299-6","article-title":"Nodal metastases of soft tissue sarcomas: risk factors, imaging findings, and implications","volume":"49","author":"Rosenthal","year":"2020","journal-title":"Skeletal Radiol"},{"key":"2024050215551898300_b10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"338","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2005.12.038","article-title":"Lymph node imaging: basic principles","volume":"58","author":"Luciani","year":"2006","journal-title":"Eur J Radiol"},{"key":"2024050215551898300_b11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carj.2010.04.009","article-title":"Pictorial essay: imaging of peripheral nerve sheath tumours","volume":"62","author":"Chee","year":"2011","journal-title":"Can Assoc Radiol J"},{"key":"2024050215551898300_b12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.164.1.7998525","article-title":"Malignant soft-tissue tumors in a large referral population: distribution of diagnoses by age, sex, and location","volume":"164","author":"Kransdorf","year":"1995","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"key":"2024050215551898300_b13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1749","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-014-3181-2","article-title":"MR imaging of myxofibrosarcoma and undifferentiated sarcoma with emphasis on tail sign; 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