{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]],"date-time":"2026-05-05T18:48:35Z","timestamp":1778006915431,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1130","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,20]],"date-time":"2021-12-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1639958400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Xerostomia is the most common treatment-related toxicity after radiotherapy (RT) for head and neck carcinoma, reducing the quality of life of patients due to a decrease in salivary gland function.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Salivary gland scintigraphy was performed to quantitatively evaluate the salivary gland functions in patients undergoing RT. It was done chronologically for 62 salivary glands of 31 patients before RT and retested 12 months later.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The salivary gland functions of most patients deteriorated post-RT and recovered when the radiation dose to the salivary gland was not high. The mean dose to the salivary gland was found to be the most reliable factor in deteriorating salivary gland function, and the tolerance dose was determined to be 46\u2009Gy. The recovery rate of salivary gland function after 1\u2009year of RT was 72% in the RT alone group (n = 10), 56% in the conformal radiotherapy group (n = 15), and 44% in the bioradiotherapy group (n = 6).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Scintigraphy revealed that the salivary glands recovered from post-RT hypofunction when decreased doses were administered. The determined tolerance dose of 46\u2009Gy may guide the approach to minimizing associated xerostomia in RT.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Advances in knowledge:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>In this study, the average tolerated dose to the salivary glands was 46\u2009Gy.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1259\/bjr.20210718","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,20]],"date-time":"2021-12-20T16:50:02Z","timestamp":1640019002000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Mathematical evaluation of post-radiotherapy salivary gland function using salivary gland scintigraphy"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"95","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1147-6843","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tomohiro","family":"Itonaga","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Tokyo Medical University , Tokyo , Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Koichi","family":"Tokuuye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Tokyo Medical University , Tokyo , Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ryuji","family":"Mikami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Tokyo Medical University , Tokyo , Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Akira","family":"Shimizu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Tokyo Medical University , Tokyo , Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hiroki","family":"Sato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Tokyo Medical University , Tokyo , Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mana","family":"Yoshimura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Tokyo Medical University , Tokyo , Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kiyoaki","family":"Tsukahara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Tokyo Medical University , Tokyo , Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kazuhiro","family":"Saito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Tokyo Medical University , Tokyo , Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024050216165378400_b1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1186\/1748-717X-3-41","article-title":"Parotid gland sparing imrt for head and neck cancer improves xerostomia related quality of life","volume":"3","author":"van Rij","year":"2008","journal-title":"Radiat Oncol"},{"key":"2024050216165378400_b2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2013.10.010","article-title":"Delineation of the neck node levels for head and neck tumors: a 2013 update. dahanca, eortc, hknpcsg, ncic ctg, ncri, rtog, trog consensus guidelines","volume":"110","author":"Gr\u00e9goire","year":"2014","journal-title":"Radiother Oncol"},{"key":"2024050216165378400_b3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1451","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2003.09.021","article-title":"Scintigraphic assessment of early and late parotid gland function after radiotherapy for head-and-neck cancer: a prospective study of dose-volume response relationships","volume":"58","author":"Roesink","year":"2004","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"key":"2024050216165378400_b4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.1016\/S1053-4296(03)00033-X","article-title":"How should we measure and report radiotherapy-induced xerostomia?","volume":"13","author":"Eisbruch","year":"2003","journal-title":"Semin Radiat Oncol"},{"key":"2024050216165378400_b5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2013.03.009","article-title":"Dose-response analysis of parotid gland function: what is the best measure of xerostomia?","volume":"106","author":"Miah","year":"2013","journal-title":"Radiother Oncol"},{"key":"2024050216165378400_b6","first-page":"81","article-title":"Salivary gland scintigraphy: the use of semiquantitative analysis for uptake and clearance","volume":"31","author":"Loutfi","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Nucl Med Technol"},{"key":"2024050216165378400_b7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1055","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2004.12.076","article-title":"Dose-volume modeling of salivary function in patients with head-and-neck cancer receiving radiotherapy","volume":"62","author":"Blanco","year":"2005","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"key":"2024050216165378400_b8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2009.07.1708","article-title":"Parotid gland function after radiotherapy: the combined michigan and utrecht experience","volume":"78","author":"Dijkema","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"key":"2024050216165378400_b9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-8140(02)00013-0","article-title":"Preservation of parotid function with uncomplicated conformal radiotherapy","volume":"63","author":"Maes","year":"2002","journal-title":"Radiother Oncol"},{"key":"2024050216165378400_b10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1016\/S0360-3016(99)00247-3","article-title":"Dose, volume, and function relationships in parotid salivary glands following conformal and intensity-modulated irradiation of head and neck cancer","volume":"45","author":"Eisbruch","year":"1999","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"key":"2024050216165378400_b11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1186\/1748-717X-6-125","article-title":"Parotid gland-recovery after radiotherapy in the head and neck region--36 months follow-up of a prospective clinical study","volume":"6","author":"Hey","year":"2011","journal-title":"Radiat Oncol"},{"key":"2024050216165378400_b12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2004.11.004","article-title":"Intensity modulated radiotherapy for head and neck cancer: evidence for preserved salivary gland function","volume":"74","author":"Saarilahti","year":"2005","journal-title":"Radiother Oncol"},{"key":"2024050216165378400_b13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"907","DOI":"10.1016\/S0360-3016(00)01441-3","article-title":"A prospective study of salivary function sparing in patients with head-and-neck cancers receiving intensity-modulated or three-dimensional radiation therapy: initial results","volume":"49","author":"Chao","year":"2001","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"key":"2024050216165378400_b14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1186\/s13014-015-0371-2","article-title":"Prospective longitudinal assessment of parotid gland function using dynamic quantitative pertechnate scintigraphy and estimation of dose-response relationship of parotid-sparing radiotherapy in head-neck cancers","volume":"10","author":"Gupta","year":"2015","journal-title":"Radiat Oncol"},{"key":"2024050216165378400_b15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1186\/1748-717X-2-3","article-title":"Quality of life and salivary output in patients with head-and-neck cancer five years after radiotherapy","volume":"2","author":"Braam","year":"2007","journal-title":"Radiat Oncol"},{"key":"2024050216165378400_b16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"938","DOI":"10.1016\/S0360-3016(01)01717-5","article-title":"Quantitative dose-volume response analysis of changes in parotid gland function after radiotherapy in the head-and-neck region","volume":"51","author":"Roesink","year":"2001","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"key":"2024050216165378400_b17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S58","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2009.06.090","article-title":"Radiotherapy dose-volume effects on salivary gland function","volume":"76","author":"Deasy","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"key":"2024050216165378400_b18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1061","DOI":"10.1007\/s00520-010-0837-6","article-title":"A systematic review of salivary gland hypofunction and xerostomia induced by cancer therapies: management strategies and economic impact","volume":"18","author":"Jensen","year":"2010","journal-title":"Support Care Cancer"},{"key":"2024050216165378400_b19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(09)70311-0","article-title":"Radiotherapy plus cetuximab for locoregionally advanced head and neck cancer: 5-year survival data from a phase 3 randomised trial, and relation between cetuximab-induced rash and survival","volume":"11","author":"Bonner","year":"2010","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol"},{"key":"2024050216165378400_b20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1013780028887","article-title":"Subcellular localization of epidermal growth factor in human parotid gland","volume":"33","author":"Lantini","year":"2001","journal-title":"Histochem J"},{"key":"2024050216165378400_b21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"695","DOI":"10.1016\/S0360-3016(01)01512-7","article-title":"Xerostomia and its predictors following parotid-sparing irradiation of head-and-neck cancer","volume":"50","author":"Eisbruch","year":"2001","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"key":"2024050216165378400_b22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oraloncology.2012.07.004","article-title":"Scintigraphic assessment of salivary function after intensity-modulated radiotherapy for head and neck cancer: correlations with parotid dose and quality of life","volume":"49","author":"Chen","year":"2013","journal-title":"Oral Oncol"},{"key":"2024050216165378400_b23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1101","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2008.02.059","article-title":"Large cohort dose-volume response analysis of parotid gland function after radiotherapy: intensity-modulated versus conventional radiotherapy","volume":"72","author":"Dijkema","year":"2008","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"}],"container-title":["The British Journal of Radiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/bjr\/article-pdf\/95\/1130\/20210718\/57372605\/bjr.20210718.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/bjr\/article-pdf\/95\/1130\/20210718\/57372605\/bjr.20210718.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,2]],"date-time":"2024-05-02T18:44:50Z","timestamp":1714675490000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/bjr\/article\/doi\/10.1259\/bjr.20210718\/7451501"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,20]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1130","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,20]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1259\/bjr.20210718","relation":{},"ISSN":["0007-1285","1748-880X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0007-1285","type":"print"},{"value":"1748-880X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,1]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,20]]},"article-number":"20210718"}}