{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,17]],"date-time":"2026-07-17T03:20:37Z","timestamp":1784258437133,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":74,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1138","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,3]],"date-time":"2022-08-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1659484800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fifth most common cancer worldwide accounting for over 800,000 new cases in 2018, with the highest incidence in Asia and Africa where hepatitis B is the most common risk factor. In Europe, Japan, and the United States, hepatitis C chronic alcohol abuse and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease are more common risk factors. Five-year survival is low, less than 20% worldwide. HCC is a particularly challenging disease to treat because therapeutic options and prognosis must also consider hepatitis or cirrhosis independent of the malignancy. Locoregional therapies (LRT) including ablation, arterially directed therapy and external beam radiation are the preferred treatments for patients with good performance status, unresectable disease limited to the liver and preserved liver function. In practice, patients with portal vein tumor thrombus and limited extrahepatic disease may also be considered candidates for LRT. There are several guidelines developed by expert panels provide recommendations on treating this challenging disease including the Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer, European Association for the Study of the Liver, European Society for Medical Oncology, American Association for the Study of the Liver Diseases, and the National Comprehensive Cancer Network. The purpose of this paper is to review the guidelines as they are applied clinically in regions with high incidence of HCC.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1259\/bjr.20220179","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,18]],"date-time":"2022-07-18T12:04:44Z","timestamp":1658145884000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Summary of key guidelines for locoregional treatment of HCC in Asia, Europe, South and North America"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"95","author":[{"given":"Ricardo D","family":"Garcia-Monaco","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Vascular and Interventional Radiology Hospital Italiano, University of Buenos Aires , Buenos Aires , Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jin Wook","family":"Chung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine , Seoul , South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Val\u00e9rie","family":"Vilgrain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Department of OncHepatology Hopital Beaujon, APHP.Nord , Clichy , France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohamed","family":"Bouattour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Department of OncHepatology Hopital Beaujon, APHP.Nord , Clichy , France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1477-8468","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anne M","family":"Covey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center Professor of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical Center , New York , United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024050216193369800_b1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-020-00240-3","article-title":"Hepatocellular carcinoma","volume":"7","author":"Llovet","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat Rev Dis Primers"},{"key":"2024050216193369800_b2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1038\/s41575-020-00395-0","article-title":"Locoregional therapies in the era of molecular and immune treatments for hepatocellular carcinoma","volume":"18","author":"Llovet","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"2024050216193369800_b3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1007\/s12072-017-9799-9","article-title":"Asia-pacific clinical practice guidelines on the management of hepatocellular carcinoma: a 2017 update","volume":"11","author":"Omata","year":"2017","journal-title":"Hepatol Int"},{"key":"2024050216193369800_b4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"682","DOI":"10.1159\/000509424","article-title":"Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (2019 edition)","volume":"9","author":"Zhou","year":"2020","journal-title":"Liver Cancer"},{"key":"2024050216193369800_b5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1159\/000514174","article-title":"Management of hepatocellular carcinoma in japan: JSH consensus statements and recommendations 2021 update","volume":"10","author":"Kudo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Liver Cancer"},{"key":"2024050216193369800_b6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2018.03.019","article-title":"European association for the study of the liver. 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