{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,3]],"date-time":"2026-10-03T03:44:08Z","timestamp":1790999048078,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":121,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1150","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>High-resolution peripheral quantitative CT (HR-pQCT) is a low-dose three-dimensional imaging technique, originally developed for in vivo assessment of bone microarchitecture at the distal radius and tibia in osteoporosis. HR-pQCT has the ability to discriminate trabecular and cortical bone compartments, providing densitometric and structural parameters. At present, HR-pQCT is mostly used in research settings, despite evidence showing that it may be a valuable tool in osteoporosis and other diseases. This review summarizes the main applications of HR-pQCT and addresses the limitations that currently prevent its integration into routine clinical practice. In particular, the focus is on the use of HR-pQCT in primary and secondary osteoporosis, chronic kidney disease (CKD), endocrine disorders affecting bone, and rare diseases. A section on novel potential applications of HR-pQCT is also present, including assessment of rheumatic diseases, knee osteoarthritis, distal radius\/scaphoid fractures, vascular calcifications, effect of medications, and skeletal muscle. The reviewed literature seems to suggest that a more widespread implementation of HR-pQCT in clinical practice would offer notable opportunities. For instance, HR-pQCT can improve the prediction of incident fractures beyond areal bone mineral density provided by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. In addition, HR-pQCT may be used for the monitoring of anti-osteoporotic therapy or for the assessment of mineral and bone disorder associated with CKD. Nevertheless, several obstacles currently prevent a broader use of HR-pQCT and would need to be targeted, such as the small number of installed machines worldwide, the uncertain cost-effectiveness, the need for improved reproducibility, and the limited availability of reference normative data sets.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1259\/bjr.20221016","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,17]],"date-time":"2023-05-17T08:41:35Z","timestamp":1684312895000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":67,"title":["High-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography: research or clinical practice?"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"96","author":[{"given":"Silvia","family":"Gazzotti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli , Bologna, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Pilar","family":"Aparisi G\u00f3mez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Auckland City Hospital , Auckland, New Zealand"},{"name":"Department of Radiology, IMSKE , Valencia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Enrico","family":"Schileo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bioengineering and Computing Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli , Bologna, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fulvia","family":"Taddei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bioengineering and Computing Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli , Bologna, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luca","family":"Sangiorgi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Genetics and Rare Orthopaedic Diseases, and CLIBI Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli , Bologna, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Fusaro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Research Council (CNR), Institute of Clinical Physiology , Pisa, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, University of Padova , Padova, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marco","family":"Miceli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli , Bologna, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Guglielmi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Foggia University School of Medicine , Foggia, Italy"},{"name":"Radiology Unit, \u201cDimiccoli\u201d Teaching Hospital , Barletta, Italy"},{"name":"Radiology Unit, \u201cCasa Sollievo della Sofferenza\u201d Hospital , San Giovanni Rotondo, 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