{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,17]],"date-time":"2026-04-17T17:36:58Z","timestamp":1776447418456,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1145","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,17]],"date-time":"2023-04-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1681689600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>To evaluate the role of high-resolution intracranial vessel wall imaging (HR-IVWI) in differentiation of various intracranial vasculopathies in addition to luminal and clinical imaging in the largest cohort of Indian stroke patients.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A single-center, cross-sectional study was undertaken recruiting consecutive stroke or TIA patients presenting within a month of onset, with luminal irregularity\/narrowing upstream from the stroke territory. The patients were initially classified into TOAST and Chinese ischemic stroke sub-classification (CISS) on the basis of clinical and luminal characteristics and reclassified again following incorporation of HR-IVWI findings.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>In our cohort of 150 patients, additional use of HR-IVWI led to a 10.7 and 14% change in initial TOAST and CISS classification respectively (p &amp;lt; 0.001). In TOAST classification, 12 \u201cundetermined aetiology\u201d were reclassified into intracranial atherosclerotic disease (ICAD), 1 \u201cundetermined aetiology\u201d into CNS angiitis and 1 \u201cundetermined aetiology\u201d into arterial dissection. Similarly, in CISS 19 \u201cundetermined aetiology\u201d was reclassified into 16 large artery atherosclerosis (LAA) and 3 \u201cother aetiology\u201d consisting of one CNS angiitis, Moyamoya disease (MMD) and arterial dissection each. Two initial classification of MMD by CISS and TOAST were changed into ICAD. The observed change in diagnosis following incorporation of HR-IVWI was proportionately highest in ICAD (LAA) subgroup (TOAST-9.3%, CISS-12%).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Adjunctive use of HR-IVWI, to clinical and luminal assessment, can significantly improve diagnostic accuracy during evaluation of intracranial vasculopathies, with its greatest utility in diagnosing in ICAD, CNS angiitis and dissection.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Advances in knowledge:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>HR-IVWI allows clearer etiological distinction of intracranial vasculopathies having therapeutic and prognostic implications.<\/jats:p>\n               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Radiology, Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education & Research , Kolkata, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Avijit","family":"Hazra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education & Research , Kolkata, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alak","family":"Pandit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Bangur Institute of Neurosciences, Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education & Research , Kolkata, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gautam","family":"Das","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Bangur Institute of Neurosciences, Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education & Research , Kolkata, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Souvik","family":"Dubey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Bangur Institute of Neurosciences, Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education & Research , Kolkata, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Biman Kanti","family":"Ray","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Bangur Institute of Neurosciences, Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education & Research , Kolkata, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024050709590015500_b1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.5853\/jos.2015.17.3.238","article-title":"Vessel wall imaging of the intracranial and cervical carotid arteries","volume":"17","author":"Choi","year":"2015","journal-title":"J 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