{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,15]],"date-time":"2025-11-15T17:16:19Z","timestamp":1763226979289},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BJR|Open"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives:<\/jats:title><jats:p> This study aimed to compare radiotherapy plan quality of coplanar volumetric modulated arc therapy (CO-VMAT) and non-coplanar VMAT (NC-VMAT) for post-operative primary brain tumour. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title><jats:p> A total of 16 patients who were treated for primary brain tumours were retrospectively selected for this study. For each patient, identical CT sets with structures were used for both CO-VMAT and NC-VMAT planning. For CO-VMAT, one full arc and two coplanar half arcs were used. For NC-VMAT, one full coplanar and two non-coplanar half arcs with couch rotation of 315\u00b0 or 45\u00b0 were used. Dose constraints were adhered to the RTOG 0614, RTOG 0933 and TMH protocol. Dose volumetric parameters were collected for statistical analysis. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title><jats:p> . NC-VMAT achieved significant dose reduction in contralateral hippocampus, both temporal lobes and cochleae, and other OARs while the plan qualities remained the same. In particular, NC-VMAT decreased contralateral hippocampus mean dose by 1.67Gy. Similarly, the NC-VMAT decreased temporal lobe mean dose by 6.29Gy and 2.8Gy for ipsilateral and contralateral side respectively. Furthermore, it decreased cochlea mean dose by 5.34Gy and 0.97Gy for ipsilateral and contralateral side respectively. Overall, there was a reduction of 5.4% of normal brain tissue volume receiving low dose irradiation. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title><jats:p> The proposed NC-VMAT showed more favourable plan quality than the CO-VMAT for primary brain tumours, in particular to hippocampus, temporal lobes, cochleae and OARs located to the contralateral side of tumours. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Advances in knowledge:<\/jats:title><jats:p> For primary brain tumours radiotherapy, NC-VMAT can reduce doses to the hippocampus, both temporal lobes, and cochleae, as well as OARs located to the contralateral side of tumours. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1259\/bjro.20210009","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,20]],"date-time":"2021-04-20T20:12:59Z","timestamp":1618949579000},"page":"20210009","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Non-coplanar VMAT plans for postoperative primary brain tumour to reduce dose to hippocampus, temporal lobe and cochlea: a planning study"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"3","author":[{"given":"Eva Yi Wah","family":"Cheung","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medical Health Sciences, Tung Wah College, Hong Kong, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kevin Ho Yuen","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medical Health Sciences, Tung Wah College, Hong Kong, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wilson Tin Long","family":"Lau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medical Health Sciences, Tung Wah College, Hong Kong, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Amy Pik Yan","family":"Lau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medical Health Sciences, Tung Wah College, Hong Kong, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pak Ying","family":"Wat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medical Health Sciences, Tung Wah College, Hong Kong, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"b1","first-page":"ii24","volume":"75","author":"Rampling R","year":"2004","journal-title":"Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry"},{"key":"b2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"702","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.28372","volume":"120","author":"Beadle BM","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"b3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153303381987162","DOI":"10.1177\/1533033819871621","volume":"18","author":"Zhang S","year":"2019","journal-title":"Technol Cancer Res Treat"},{"key":"b4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e90007","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0090007","volume":"9","author":"Han G","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"b5","first-page":"457","volume":"24","author":"Li J","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Xray Sci Technol"},{"key":"b6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1186\/1748-717X-8-62","volume":"8","author":"Awad R","year":"2013","journal-title":"Radiat Oncol"},{"key":"b7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1016\/j.meddos.2017.07.005","volume":"42","author":"Sood S","year":"2017","journal-title":"Med Dosim"},{"key":"b8","volume-title":"The physics of three-dimensional radiation therapy: conformal radiotherapy, radiosurgery, and treatment planning","author":"Webb S","year":"2001"},{"key":"b9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Buchtel HA. 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