{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T02:50:46Z","timestamp":1787021446401,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"8","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Dentomaxillofacial Radiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Cervical plexus nerve blocks have been employed in various head and neck operations. Both adequate anaesthesia and analgesia are attained in clinical practice. Nowadays, ultrasound imaging in regional anaesthesia is driven towards a certain objective that dictates high accuracy and safety during the implementation of peripheral nerve blocks. In the cervical region, ultrasound-guided nerve blocks have routinely been conducted only for the past few years and thus only a small number of publications pervade the current literature. Moreover, the sonoanatomy of the neck, the foundation stone of interventional techniques, is very challenging; multiple muscles and fascial layers compose a complex of compartments in a narrow anatomic region, in which local anaesthetics are injected. Therefore, this review intends to deliver new insights into ultrasound-guided peripheral nerve block techniques in the neck. The sonoanatomy of the cervical region, in addition to the cervical plexus, cervical ganglia, superior and recurrent laryngeal nerve blocks are comprehensively discussed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1259\/dmfr.20190400","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,16]],"date-time":"2020-03-16T13:08:19Z","timestamp":1584364099000},"page":"20190400","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Peripheral nerve blocks in the cervical region: from anatomy to ultrasound-guided techniques"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"49","author":[{"given":"Theodosios","family":"Saranteas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Second Department of Anesthesiology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andreas","family":"Kostroglou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Second Department of Anesthesiology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Georgia","family":"Efstathiou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Second Department of Anesthesiology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dimitrios","family":"Giannoulis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Second Department of Anesthesiology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nefeli","family":"Moschovaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Second Department of Anesthesiology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andreas F","family":"Mavrogenis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"First Department of Orthopaedics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, University Medical School, Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christos","family":"Perisanidis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","reference":[{"key":"b1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/aeu304"},{"key":"b2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejvs.2012.04.008"},{"key":"b3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpa.2009.02.004"},{"key":"b4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00276-010-0621-9"},{"key":"b5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12871-019-0798-3"},{"key":"b6","first-page":"9","volume":"21","author":"Park C","year":"2018","journal-title":"Pain Physician"},{"key":"b7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/sja.SJA_78_17"},{"key":"b8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1213\/ANE.0b013e3181c91ea0"},{"key":"b9","volume-title":"Anatomy, Head and Neck, Cervical Nerves","author":"Waxenbaum JA","year":"2019"},{"key":"b10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4097\/kja.d.18.00143"},{"key":"b11","first-page":"993","volume":"55","author":"Paraskevas GK","year":"2014","journal-title":"Rom J Morphol Embryol"},{"key":"b12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1366","DOI":"10.1213\/00000539-199912000-00006","volume":"89","author":"Merle JC","year":"1999","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"key":"b13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12630-009-9109-7"},{"key":"b14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1213\/ANE.0b013e3181f1d48f"},{"key":"b15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1259\/dmfr\/29945724"},{"key":"b16","first-page":"971","volume":"39","author":"Saranteas T","year":"2011","journal-title":"Anaesth Intensive Care"},{"key":"b17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.23736\/S0375-9393.19.13145-8"},{"key":"b18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/aem160"},{"key":"b19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/aeg250"},{"key":"b20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01811210"},{"key":"b21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12565-013-0224-8"},{"key":"b22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02102238"},{"key":"b23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.81B2.0810226"},{"key":"b24","first-page":"171","volume":"30","author":"\u00d6kmen K","year":"2018","journal-title":"Agri"},{"key":"b25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00540-018-2468-x"},{"key":"b26","first-page":"688","volume":"39","author":"Li X","year":"2017","journal-title":"Zhongguo Yi Xue Ke Xue Yuan Xue Bao"},{"key":"b27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jemermed.2015.10.003"},{"key":"b28","first-page":"168","volume":"7","author":"Casutt M","year":"2015","journal-title":"Heart Lung Vessel"},{"key":"b29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.5603\/AIT.2016.0043","volume":"48","author":"M\u0105dro P","year":"2016","journal-title":"Anaesthesiol Intensive Ther"},{"key":"b30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00101-016-0230-z"},{"key":"b31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ca.22340"},{"key":"b32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00101-018-0493-7"},{"key":"b33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.jvca.2015.07.032"},{"key":"b34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/anae.12960"},{"key":"b35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.accpm.2016.03.007"},{"key":"b36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/EJA.0000000000000243"},{"key":"b37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/JPR.S138222"},{"key":"b38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10877-014-9635-x"},{"key":"b39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/AAP.0b013e3181faa11c"},{"key":"b40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1213\/01.ane.0000189189.47768.42"},{"key":"b41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00008506-199401000-00003"},{"key":"b42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1213\/01.ane.0000280443.03867.12"},{"key":"b43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.accpm.2015.08.004"},{"key":"b44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/AJP.0000000000000184"},{"key":"b45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.36076\/ppj.2000\/3\/294","volume":"3","author":"Elias M","year":"2000","journal-title":"Pain Physician"},{"key":"b46","first-page":"340","volume":"17","author":"Malmqvist EL","year":"1992","journal-title":"Reg Anesth"},{"key":"b47","first-page":"562","volume":"40","author":"Matsumoto S","year":"1991","journal-title":"Masui"},{"key":"b48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-8537(05)70171-1"},{"key":"b49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11916-014-0424-5"},{"key":"b50","first-page":"323","volume":"20","author":"Kapral S","year":"1995","journal-title":"Reg Anesth"},{"key":"b51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03009858"},{"key":"b52","first-page":"180","volume":"27","author":"Simmons ST","year":"2002","journal-title":"Reg Anesth Pain Med"},{"key":"b53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjoto.2018.09.004"},{"key":"b54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/ija.IJA_74_17"},{"key":"b55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1213\/XAA.0000000000000136"},{"key":"b56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12630-011-9501-y"},{"key":"b57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00540-012-1492-5"},{"key":"b58","volume-title":"Atlas of Regional Anesthesia","author":"Brown D. L","year":"1999","edition":"2"}],"container-title":["Dentomaxillofacial Radiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.birpublications.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1259\/dmfr.20190400","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,12]],"date-time":"2024-01-12T10:55:07Z","timestamp":1705056907000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/dmfr\/article\/7262868"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,1]]},"references-count":58,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1259\/dmfr.20190400"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1259\/dmfr.20190400","relation":{},"ISSN":["0250-832X","1476-542X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0250-832X","type":"print"},{"value":"1476-542X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,1]]}}}