{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,26]],"date-time":"2026-03-26T15:41:55Z","timestamp":1774539715230,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,23]],"date-time":"2023-10-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1698019200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objectives:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>To assess the effect of standard filtered back projection (FBP) and iterative reconstruction (IR) methods on CBCT image noise and processing time (PT), acquired with various acquisition parameters with and without metal artefact reduction (MAR).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>CBCT scans using the Midmark EIOS unit of a human mandible embedded in soft tissue equivalent material with and without the presence of an implant at mandibular first molar region were acquired at various acquisition settings (milliamperages [4mA-14mA], FOV [5 \u00d7 5, 6 \u00d7 8, 9 \u00d7 10\u2009cm], and resolutions [low, standard, high] and reconstructed using standard FBP and IR, and with and without MAR. The processing time was recorded for each reconstruction. ImageJ was used to analyze specific axial images. Radial transaxial fiducial lines were created relative to the implant site. Standard deviations of the gray density values (image noise) were calculated at fixed distances on the fiducial lines on the buccal and lingual aspects at specific axial levels, and mean values for FBP and IR were compared using paired t-tests. Significance was defined as p &amp;lt; 0.05.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The overall mean for image noise (\u00b1 SD) for FBP was 198.65 \u00b1 55.58\u2009and 99.84 \u00b1 16.28 for IR. IR significantly decreased image noise compared to FBP at all acquisition parameters (p &amp;lt; 0.05). Noise reduction among different scanning protocols ranged between 29.7% (5 \u00d7 5\u2009cm FOV) and 58.1% (5mA). IR increased processing time by an average of 35.1\u2009s.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>IR significantly reduces CBCT image noise compared to standard FBP without substantially increasing processing time.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1259\/dmfr.20230109","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,4]],"date-time":"2023-09-04T10:19:15Z","timestamp":1693822755000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Filtered back projection vs. iterative reconstruction for CBCT: effects on image noise and processing time"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"52","author":[{"given":"Amanda","family":"Ramage","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Louisville School of Dentistry , Louisville, Kentucky, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bryan","family":"Lopez Gutierrez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Louisville School of Dentistry , Louisville, Kentucky, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kathleen","family":"Fischer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Louisville School of Dentistry , Louisville, Kentucky, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Sekula","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Louisville School of Dentistry , Louisville, Kentucky, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gustavo Machado","family":"Santaella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Louisville School of Dentistry , Louisville, Kentucky, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"William","family":"Scarfe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Louisville School of Dentistry , Louisville, Kentucky, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Danieli Moura","family":"Brasil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Louisville School of Dentistry , Louisville, Kentucky, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christiano","family":"de Oliveira-Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Louisville School of Dentistry , Louisville, Kentucky, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024011814551322100_b1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1259\/dmfr.20220279","article-title":"Factors affecting interpretation of dental Radiographs","volume":"52","author":"Hegde","year":"2023","journal-title":"Dentomaxillofac Radiol"},{"key":"2024011814551322100_b2","article-title":". 2012 International Conference on Biomedical Engineering (ICoBE); Penang, Malaysia. 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