{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,3]],"date-time":"2026-10-03T04:54:26Z","timestamp":1791003266627,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":77,"publisher":"Japanese Society of Animal Reproduction","issue":"5","funder":[{"name":"Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research from the Japan Society for  the Promotion of Science","award":["21H05031"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["21H05031"]}]},{"name":"Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research from the Japan Society for  the Promotion of Science","award":["25K02151"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["25K02151"]}]},{"name":"Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research from the Japan Society for  the Promotion of Science","award":["25K02172"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["25K02172"]}]},{"name":"Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research from the Japan Society for  the Promotion of Science","award":["120259914"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["120259914"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. Reprod. Dev.","Journal of Reproduction and Development"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1262\/jrd.2026-010","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,9]],"date-time":"2026-07-09T22:10:01Z","timestamp":1783635001000},"page":"794-804","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Systemic LPS exposure suppresses pulsatile LH secretion and impairs hepatic function in goats, accompanied by immune activation and stress responses"],"prefix":"10.1262","volume":"72","author":[{"given":"Wenhao","family":"CUI","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Theriogenology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life              Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Misato","family":"KIKUZAWA","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Theriogenology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life              Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tomotsugu","family":"TAKAHASHI","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Animal Resource Science Center, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life              Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Ibaraki 319-0206, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Keiichi","family":"KARIYA","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Theriogenology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life              Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Junyou","family":"LI","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Animal Resource Science Center, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life              Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Ibaraki 319-0206, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sho","family":"NAKAMURA","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Animal Production Science, Graduate School of Bioagricultural              Sciences, Nagoya University, Aichi, 470-0151, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Satoshi","family":"OHKURA","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Animal Production Science, Graduate School of Bioagricultural              Sciences, Nagoya University, Aichi, 470-0151, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Josef Johann","family":"GROSS","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Veterinary Physiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern CH-3012,              Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiroko","family":"TSUKAMURA","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Graduate School of Bioagricultural              Sciences, Nagoya University, Aichi, 464-8601, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fuko","family":"MATSUDA","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Theriogenology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life              Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fumie","family":"MAGATA","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Theriogenology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life              Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan"},{"name":"Research Center for Global Agromedicine, Obihiro University of Agriculture              and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro 080-8555, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"349","reference":[{"key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"1.  Cicinelli              E, Matteo              M, Tinelli              R, Lepera              A, Alfonso              R,                Indraccolo              U,                Marrocchella              S, Greco              P, Resta              L. Prevalence            of chronic endometritis in repeated unexplained implantation failure and the IVF success            rate after antibiotic therapy. <i>Hum Reprod<\/i>          2015; 30: 323\u2013330.","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/deu292"},{"key":"2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"2.  Ticconi              C,                Inversetti              A, Marraffa              S,                Campagnolo              L, Arthur              J, Zambella              E, Di Simone              N. Chronic            endometritis and recurrent reproductive failure: a systematic review and            meta-analysis. <i>Front Immunol<\/i>          2024; 15: 1427454.","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2024.1427454"},{"key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"3.  V\u00e1rhidi              Z, Csik\u00f3              G, Bajcsy              AC,                Jurkovich              V. Uterine            disease in dairy cows: a comprehensive review highlighting new research            areas. <i>Vet Sci<\/i>          2024; 11: 18.","DOI":"10.3390\/vetsci11020066"},{"key":"4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"4.  Bara\u0144ski              W, Zdu\u0144czyk              S, Tobolski              D, Krupa              M. Fertility            outcomes in cows with subclinical endometritis after clinical cure of clinical            endometritis. <i>Ir Vet J<\/i>          2024; 77: 20.","DOI":"10.1186\/s13620-024-00281-0"},{"key":"5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"5.  LeBlanc              SJ. Postpartum            uterine disease and dairy herd reproductive performance: a review.              <i>Vet J<\/i>          2008; 176: 102\u2013114.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2007.12.019"},{"key":"6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"6.  Kimura              F,                Takebayashi              A, Ishida              M, Nakamura              A, Kitazawa              J, Morimune              A, Hirata              K, Takahashi              A, Tsuji              S, Takashima              A, Amano              T, Tsuji              S, Ono              T, Kaku              S, Kasahara              K, Moritani              S, Kushima              R, Murakami              T. Review:            Chronic endometritis and its effect on reproduction. <i>J              Obstet Gynaecol Res<\/i>          2019; 45: 951\u2013960.","DOI":"10.1111\/jog.13937"},{"key":"7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"7.  Sheldon              IM, Rycroft              AN, Dogan              B, Craven              M, Bromfield              JJ, Chandler              A, Roberts              MH, Price              SB, Gilbert              RO, Simpson              KW. Specific            strains of Escherichia coli are pathogenic for the endometrium of cattle and cause            pelvic inflammatory disease in cattle and mice. <i>PLoS              One<\/i>          2010; 5: e9192.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0009192"},{"key":"8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"8.  Rietschel              ET, Kirikae              T, Schade              FU, Mamat              U, Schmidt              G, Loppnow              H, Ulmer              AJ,                Z\u00e4hringer              U, Seydel              U, Di Padova              F, Schreier              M, Brade              H. Bacterial            endotoxin: molecular relationships of structure to activity and          function. <i>FASEB J<\/i>          1994; 8: 217\u2013225.","DOI":"10.1096\/fasebj.8.2.8119492"},{"key":"9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"9.  Hakogi              E, Tamura              H, Tanaka              S, Kohata              A, Shimada              Y, Tabuchi              K. Endotoxin            levels in milk and plasma of mastitis-affected cows measured with a chromogenic limulus            test. <i>Vet Microbiol<\/i>          1989; 20: 267\u2013274.","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-1135(89)90050-3"},{"key":"10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"10.  Magata              F, Kitaoka              R, Morino              I, Teramura              M, Kawashima              C, Haneda              S, Shimizu              T. Long-term            impact of puerperal metritis on the profiles of peripheral blood leukocytes in            peripartum dairy cows. <i>Anim Sci J<\/i>          2016; 87: 151\u2013155.","DOI":"10.1111\/asj.12516"},{"key":"11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"11.  Magata              F, Ishida              Y, Miyamoto              A, Furuoka              H, Inokuma              H, Shimizu              T. Comparison            of bacterial endotoxin lipopolysaccharide concentrations in the blood, ovarian            follicular fluid and uterine fluid: a clinical case of bovine metritis.              <i>J Vet Med Sci<\/i>          2015; 77: 81\u201384.","DOI":"10.1292\/jvms.14-0333"},{"key":"12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"12.  Magata              F, Morino              I, Teramura              M, Tsunoda              E, Kawashima              C, Haneda              S, Miyamoto              A, Kida              K, Shimizu              T. Impact of            metritis on the generation of reactive oxygen species by circulating phagocytes and            plasma lipopolysaccharide concentration in peripartum dairy cows.              <i>Anim Sci J<\/i>          2017; 88: 248\u2013253.","DOI":"10.1111\/asj.12642"},{"key":"13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"13.  Magata              F, Kubota              R, Shimizu              T. Association            among endometrial hyperemia, uterine bacterial infection, and characteristics of large            ovarian follicles in dairy cows. <i>J Vet Med Sci<\/i>          2019; 81: 1313\u20131317.","DOI":"10.1292\/jvms.19-0207"},{"key":"14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"14.  Magata              F.            Lipopolysaccharide-induced mechanisms of ovarian dysfunction in cows with            uterine inflammatory diseases. <i>J Reprod Dev<\/i>          2020; 66: 311\u2013317.","DOI":"10.1262\/jrd.2020-021"},{"key":"15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"15.  Magata              F, Horiuchi              M, Miyamoto              A, Shimizu              T.            Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) inhibits steroid production in theca cells of            bovine follicles in vitro: distinct effect of LPS on theca cell function in pre- and            post-selection follicles. <i>J Reprod Dev<\/i>          2014; 60: 280\u2013287.","DOI":"10.1262\/jrd.2013-124"},{"key":"16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"16.  Magata              F, Kikuzawa              M, Bollwein              H, Matsuda              F, Haneda              S.            Lipopolysaccharide-binding protein in follicular fluid is associated with            the follicular inflammatory status and granulosa cell steroidogenesis in dairy            cows. <i>J Reprod Dev<\/i>          2024; 70: 169\u2013176.","DOI":"10.1262\/jrd.2023-104"},{"key":"17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"17.  Magata              F, Horiuchi              M, Echizenya              R, Miura              R, Chiba              S, Matsui              M, Miyamoto              A, Kobayashi              Y, Shimizu              T.            Lipopolysaccharide in ovarian follicular fluid influences the steroid            production in large follicles of dairy cows. <i>Anim Reprod              Sci<\/i>          2014; 144: 6\u201313.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2013.11.005"},{"key":"18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"18.  Magata              F, Shimizu              T. Effect of            lipopolysaccharide on developmental competence of oocytes.              <i>Reprod Toxicol<\/i>          2017; 71: 1\u20137.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2017.04.001"},{"key":"19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"19.  Magata              F, Kuroki              C, Sakono              T, Matsuda              F.            Lipopolysaccharide impairs the in vitro growth, steroidogenesis, and            maturation of oocyte-cumulus-granulosa cell complexes derived from bovine early antral            follicles. <i>Theriogenology<\/i>          2024; 215: 187\u2013194.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.theriogenology.2023.12.002"},{"key":"20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"20.  Magata              F, Tsukamura              H, Matsuda              F. The impact            of inflammatory stress on hypothalamic kisspeptin neurons: Mechanisms underlying            inflammation-associated infertility in humans and domestic animals.              <i>Peptides<\/i>          2023; 162: 170958.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2023.170958"},{"key":"21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"21.  Longo              M, Liuzzi              F, De                Carlini              S, La Marca              A. The role of            LH in follicle development: from physiology to new clinical          implications. <i>Reprod Biol Endocrinol<\/i>          2025; 23(Suppl 1):            22.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12958-025-01353-8"},{"key":"22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"22.  Tsutsumi              R, Webster              NJG. GnRH            pulsatility, the pituitary response and reproductive dysfunction.              <i>Endocr J<\/i>          2009; 56: 729\u2013737.","DOI":"10.1507\/endocrj.K09E-185"},{"key":"23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"23.  Herbison              AE. The            gonadotropin-releasing hormone pulse generator.              <i>Endocrinology<\/i>          2018; 159: 3723\u20133736.","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2018-00653"},{"key":"24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"24.  Matsuda              F, Ohkura              S, Magata              F, Munetomo              A, Chen              J, Sato              M, Inoue              N, Uenoyama              Y, Tsukamura              H. Role of            kisspeptin neurons as a GnRH surge generator: Comparative aspects in rodents and            non-rodent mammals. <i>J Obstet Gynaecol Res<\/i>          2019; 45: 2318\u20132329.","DOI":"10.1111\/jog.14124"},{"key":"25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"25.  Clarkson              J, Han              SY, Piet              R, McLennan              T, Kane              GM, Ng              J, Porteous              RW, Kim              JS, Colledge              WH,                Iremonger              KJ, Herbison              AE. Definition            of the hypothalamic GnRH pulse generator in mice. <i>Proc              Natl Acad Sci USA<\/i>          2017; 114:            E10216\u2013E10223.","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1713897114"},{"key":"26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"26.  Nagae              M, Uenoyama              Y, Okamoto              S, Tsuchida              H, Ikegami              K, Goto              T, Majarune              S, Nakamura              S, Sanbo              M,                Hirabayashi              M, Kobayashi              K, Inoue              N, Tsukamura              H. Direct            evidence that KNDy neurons maintain gonadotropin pulses and folliculogenesis as the GnRH            pulse generator. <i>Proc Natl Acad Sci USA<\/i>          2021; 118: e2009156118.","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2009156118"},{"key":"27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"27.  Wakabayashi              Y, Nakada              T, Murata              K, Ohkura              S, Mogi              K, Navarro              VM, Clifton              DK, Mori              Y, Tsukamura              H, Maeda              K, Steiner              RA, Okamura              H. Neurokinin            B and dynorphin A in kisspeptin neurons of the arcuate nucleus participate in generation            of periodic oscillation of neural activity driving pulsatile gonadotropin-releasing            hormone secretion in the goat. <i>J Neurosci<\/i>          2010; 30: 3124\u20133132.","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.5848-09.2010"},{"key":"28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"28.  Minabe              S, Nakamura              S, Fukushima              E, Sato              M, Ikegami              K, Goto              T, Sanbo              M,                Hirabayashi              M, Tomikawa              J, Imamura              T, Inoue              N, Uenoyama              Y, Tsukamura              H, Maeda              KI, Matsuda              F. Inducible            Kiss1 knockdown in the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus suppressed pulsatile secretion of            luteinizing hormone in male mice. <i>J Reprod Dev<\/i>          2020; 66: 369\u2013375.","DOI":"10.1262\/jrd.2019-164"},{"key":"29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"29.  Kinoshita              M, Tsukamura              H, Adachi              S, Matsui              H, Uenoyama              Y, Iwata              K, Yamada              S, Inoue              K, Ohtaki              T, Matsumoto              H, Maeda              K. Involvement            of central metastin in the regulation of preovulatory luteinizing hormone surge and            estrous cyclicity in female rats. <i>Endocrinology<\/i>          2005; 146: 4431\u20134436.","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2005-0195"},{"key":"30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"30.  Hoffman              GE, Le              WW,                Franceschini              I, Caraty              A, Advis              JP. Expression            of fos and <i>in vivo<\/i> median eminence release of LHRH identifies an active            role for preoptic area kisspeptin neurons in synchronized surges of LH and LHRH in the            ewe. <i>Endocrinology<\/i>          2011; 152: 214\u2013222.","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2010-0066"},{"key":"31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"31.  Kinsey-Jones              JS, Li              XF, Knox              AMI,                Wilkinson              ES, Zhu              XL,                Chaudhary              AA, Milligan              SR, Lightman              SL, O\u2019Byrne              KT.            Down-regulation of hypothalamic kisspeptin and its receptor, Kiss1r, mRNA            expression is associated with stress-induced suppression of luteinising hormone            secretion in the female rat. <i>J Neuroendocrinol<\/i>          2009; 21: 20\u201329.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2826.2008.01807.x"},{"key":"32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"32.  Iwasa              T, Matsuzaki              T,                Tungalagsuvd              A, Munkhzaya              M, Kawami              T, Niki              H, Kato              T, Kuwahara              A, Uemura              H, Yasui              T, Irahara              M.            Hypothalamic Kiss1 and RFRP gene expressions are changed by a high dose            of lipopolysaccharide in female rats. <i>Horm              Behav<\/i>          2014; 66: 309\u2013316.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yhbeh.2014.06.007"},{"key":"33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"33.  Daniel              JA, Abrams              MS, deSouza              L, Wagner              CG, Whitlock              BK, Sartin              JL. Endotoxin            inhibition of luteinizing hormone in sheep. <i>Domest Anim              Endocrinol<\/i>          2003; 25: 13\u201319.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0739-7240(03)00042-0"},{"key":"34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"34.  Castellano              JM, Bentsen              AH, Romero              M, Pineda              R, Ruiz-Pino              F,                Garcia-Galiano              D,                S\u00e1nchez-Garrido              MA, Pinilla              L, Mikkelsen              JD,                Tena-Sempere              M. Acute            inflammation reduces kisspeptin immunoreactivity at the arcuate nucleus and decreases            responsiveness to kisspeptin independently of its anorectic effects.              <i>Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab<\/i>          2010; 299: E54\u2013E61.","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.00081.2010"},{"key":"35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"35.  Grachev              P, Li              XF, Hu              MH, Li              SY, Millar              RP, Lightman              SL, O\u2019Byrne              KT. Neurokinin            B signaling in the female rat: a novel link between stress and            reproduction. <i>Endocrinology<\/i>          2014; 155: 2589\u20132601.","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2013-2038"},{"key":"36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"36.  Lin              Y, Li              X, Lupi              M,                Kinsey-Jones              JS, Shao              B, Lightman              SL, O\u2019Byrne              KT. The role            of the medial and central amygdala in stress-induced suppression of pulsatile LH            secretion in female rats. <i>Endocrinology<\/i>          2011; 152: 545\u2013555.","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2010-1003"},{"key":"37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"37.  Ichimaru              T, Mori              Y, Okamura              H. A possible            role of neuropeptide Y as a mediator of undernutrition to the hypothalamic            gonadotropin-releasing hormone pulse generator in goats.              <i>Endocrinology<\/i>          2001; 142: 2489\u20132498.","DOI":"10.1210\/endo.142.6.8002"},{"key":"38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"38.  Takeuchi              Y,                Nagabukuro              H, Kizumi              O, Mori              Y.            Lipopolysaccharide-induced suppression of the hypothalamic            gonadotropin-releasing hormone pulse generator in ovariectomized goats.              <i>J Vet Med Sci<\/i>          1997; 59: 93\u201396.","DOI":"10.1292\/jvms.59.93"},{"key":"39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"39.  Herman              AP,                Krawczy\u0144ska              A, Bochenek              J, Haziak              K,                Romanowicz              K, Misztal              T,                Antushevich              H, Herman              A,                Tomaszewska-Zaremba              D. The effect            of rivastigmine on the LPS-induced suppression of GnRH\/LH secretion during the            follicular phase of the estrous cycle in ewes. <i>Anim              Reprod Sci<\/i>          2013; 138: 203\u2013212.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2013.03.005"},{"key":"40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"40.  Haziak              K, Herman              AP,                Tomaszewska-Zaremba              D. Effects of            central injection of anti-LPS antibody and blockade of TLR4 on GnRH\/LH secretion during            immunological stress in anestrous ewes. <i>Mediators              Inflamm<\/i>          2014; 2014: 867170.","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/867170"},{"key":"41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"41.  Battaglia              DF, Krasa              HB,                Padmanabhan              V, Vigui\u00e9              C, Karsch              FJ. Endocrine            alterations that underlie endotoxin-induced disruption of the follicular phase in            ewes. <i>Biol Reprod<\/i>          2000; 62: 45\u201353.","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod62.1.45"},{"key":"42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"42.  Meyer              J, Traber              LD, Nelson              S, Lentz              CW, Nakazawa              H, Herndon              DN, Noda              H, Traber              DL. Reversal            of hyperdynamic response to continuous endotoxin administration by inhibition of NO            synthesis. <i>J Appl Physiol<\/i>          1992; 73: 324\u2013328.","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1992.73.1.324"},{"key":"43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"43.  Schlafer              DH, Yuh              B, Foley              GL, Elssaser              TH, Sadowsky              D,                Nathanielsz              PW. Effect of            Salmonella endotoxin administered to the pregnant sheep at 133-142 days gestation on            fetal oxygenation, maternal and fetal adrenocorticotropic hormone and cortisol, and            maternal plasma tumor necrosis factor alpha concentrations.              <i>Biol Reprod<\/i>          1994; 50: 1297\u20131302.","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod50.6.1297"},{"key":"44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"44.  Waggoner              JW, L\u00f6est              CA, Turner              JL, Mathis              CP, Hallford              DM. Effects of            dietary protein and bacterial lipopolysaccharide infusion on nitrogen metabolism and            hormonal responses of growing beef steers. <i>J Anim              Sci<\/i>          2009; 87: 3656\u20133668.","DOI":"10.2527\/jas.2009-2011"},{"key":"45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"45.  Matsuda              F,                Nakatsukasa              K, Suetomi              Y, Naniwa              Y, Ito              D, Inoue              N,                Wakabayashi              Y, Okamura              H, Maeda              KI, Uenoyama              Y, Tsukamura              H, Ohkura              S. The            luteinising hormone surge-generating system is functional in male goats as in females:            involvement of kisspeptin neurones in the medial preoptic area.              <i>J Neuroendocrinol<\/i>          2015; 27: 57\u201365.","DOI":"10.1111\/jne.12235"},{"key":"46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"46.  Merriam              GR, Wachter              KW. Algorithms            for the study of episodic hormone secretion. <i>Am J              Physiol<\/i>          1982; 243: E310\u2013E318.","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.1982.243.4.E310"},{"key":"47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"47.  Sasaki              T, Sonoda              T,                Tatebayashi              R, Kitagawa              Y, Oishi              S, Yamamoto              K, Fujii              N, Inoue              N, Uenoyama              Y, Tsukamura              H, Maeda              KI, Matsuda              F, Morita              Y, Matsuyama              S, Ohkura              S. Peripheral            administration of SB223412, a selective neurokinin-3 receptor antagonist, suppresses            pulsatile luteinizing hormone secretion by acting on the gonadotropin-releasing hormone            pulse generator in estrogen-treated ovariectomized female goats.              <i>J Reprod Dev<\/i>          2020; 66: 351\u2013357.","DOI":"10.1262\/jrd.2019-145"},{"key":"48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"48.  Shao              B, Munford              RS, Kitchens              R, Varley              AW. Hepatic            uptake and deacylation of the LPS in bloodborne LPS-lipoprotein            complexes. <i>Innate Immun<\/i>          2012; 18: 825\u2013833.","DOI":"10.1177\/1753425912442431"},{"key":"49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"49.  Andersen              PH, Jarl\u00f8v              N,                Hesselholt              M, Baek              L. Studies on            in vivo endotoxin plasma disappearance times in cattle.              <i>Zentralbl Veterin\u00e4rmed A<\/i>          1996; 43: 93\u2013101.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439-0442.1996.tb00432.x"},{"key":"50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"50.  Ebisui              O, Fukata              J, Tominaga              T, Murakami              N, Kobayashi              H, Segawa              H, Muro              S, Naito              Y, Nakai              Y, Masui              Y, Nishida              T, Imura              H. Roles of            interleukin-1 alpha and -1 beta in endotoxin-induced suppression of plasma gonadotropin            levels in rats. <i>Endocrinology<\/i>          1992; 130: 3307\u20133313.","DOI":"10.1210\/endo.130.6.1597143"},{"key":"51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"51.  Matsuwaki              T, Komatsuda              M, Fujisawa              A, Doke              M,                Yamanouchi              K, Nishihara              M. Molecular            species of prostaglandins involved in modulating luteinising hormone pulses of female            rats under infectious stress conditions. <i>J              Neuroendocrinol<\/i>          2017; 29: 8.","DOI":"10.1111\/jne.12490"},{"key":"52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"52.  Battaglia              DF, Bowen              JM, Krasa              HB, Thrun              LA, Vigui\u00e9              C, Karsch              FJ. Endotoxin            inhibits the reproductive neuroendocrine axis while stimulating adrenal steroids: a            simultaneous view from hypophyseal portal and peripheral blood.              <i>Endocrinology<\/i>          1997; 138: 4273\u20134281.","DOI":"10.1210\/endo.138.10.5449"},{"key":"53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"53.  Suzuki              C, Yoshioka              K, Iwamura              S, Hirose              H. Endotoxin            induces delayed ovulation following endocrine aberration during the proestrous phase in            Holstein heifers. <i>Domest Anim Endocrinol<\/i>          2001; 20: 267\u2013278.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0739-7240(01)00098-4"},{"key":"54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"54.  Yoo              MJ,                Nishihara              M, Takahashi              M. Tumor            necrosis factor-alpha mediates endotoxin induced suppression of gonadotropin-releasing            hormone pulse generator activity in the rat. <i>Endocr              J<\/i>          1997; 44: 141\u2013148.","DOI":"10.1507\/endocrj.44.141"},{"key":"55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"55.  Herman              AP,                Tomaszewska-Zaremba              D. Effect of            endotoxin on the expression of GnRH and GnRHR genes in the hypothalamus and anterior            pituitary gland of anestrous ewes. <i>Anim Reprod              Sci<\/i>          2010; 120: 105\u2013111.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2010.03.011"},{"key":"56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"56.  Haziak              K, Herman              AP,                Wojtulewicz              K, Pawlina              B, Paczesna              K, Bochenek              J,                Tomaszewska-Zaremba              D. Effect of            CD14\/TLR4 antagonist on GnRH\/LH secretion in ewe during central inflammation induced by            intracerebroventricular administration of LPS. <i>J Anim              Sci Biotechnol<\/i>          2018; 9: 52.","DOI":"10.1186\/s40104-018-0267-8"},{"key":"57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"57.  Battaglia              DF, Brown              ME, Krasa              HB, Thrun              LA, Vigui\u00e9              C, Karsch              FJ. Systemic            challenge with endotoxin stimulates corticotropin-releasing hormone and arginine            vasopressin secretion into hypophyseal portal blood: coincidence with            gonadotropin-releasing hormone suppression.              <i>Endocrinology<\/i>          1998; 139: 4175\u20134181.","DOI":"10.1210\/en.139.10.4175"},{"key":"58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"58.  Herman              AP,                Romanowicz              K,                Tomaszewska-Zaremba              D. Effect of            LPS on reproductive system at the level of the pituitary of anestrous            ewes. <i>Reprod Domest Anim<\/i>          2010; 45: e351\u2013e359.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439-0531.2009.01577.x"},{"key":"59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"59.  Magata              F, Toda              L, Sato              M, Sakono              T, Chambers              JK, Uchida              K, Tsukamura              H, Matsuda              F.            Intrauterine LPS inhibited arcuate Kiss1 expression, LH pulses, and            ovarian function in rats. <i>Reproduction<\/i>          2022; 164: 207\u2013219.","DOI":"10.1530\/REP-22-0047"},{"key":"60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"60.  Fergani              C, Routly              JE, Jones              DN,                Pickavance              LC, Smith              RF, Dobson              H. KNDy            neurone activation prior to the LH surge of the ewe is disrupted by LPS.              <i>Reproduction<\/i>          2017; 154: 281\u2013292.","DOI":"10.1530\/REP-17-0191"},{"key":"61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"61.  Rivest              S. How            circulating cytokines trigger the neural circuits that control the            hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis.              <i>Psychoneuroendocrinology<\/i>          2001; 26: 761\u2013788.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0306-4530(01)00064-6"},{"key":"62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"62.  Conrad              A, Bull              DF, King              MG, Husband              AJ. The            effects of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on the fever response in rats at different ambient            temperatures. <i>Physiol Behav<\/i>          1997; 62: 1197\u20131201.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0031-9384(97)00166-2"},{"key":"63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"63.  L\u00f3pez-Troncoso              OJ,                Reyes-Lagos              JJ,                Hadamitzky              M,                Pe\u00f1a-Castillo              MA,                Echeverr\u00eda              JC,                L\u00fcckemann              L,                Schedlowski              M,                Pacheco-L\u00f3pez              G. Assessing            the effects of oxytocin in changes of core body temperature during LPS-induced            endotoxemia: A novel approach using Extended Poincar\u00e9 Plot Analysis.              <i>J Therm Biol<\/i>          2024; 119: 103756.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtherbio.2023.103756"},{"key":"64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"64.  Renwick              AN, Whitlock              BK, Nestor              CC, Daniel              JA,                Strickland              L, Lear              AS, Adkins              M, Griffin              C,                Esteller-Vico              A. Chronic            inflammation decreases arcuate kisspeptin expression in male sheep.              <i>Domest Anim Endocrinol<\/i>          2024; 89: 106868.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.domaniend.2024.106868"},{"key":"65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"65.  Garcia              C, Velez              LM, Ujagar              N, Del Mundo              Z, Nguyen              T, Fox              C, Mark              A, Fisch              KM, Lawson              MA, Duleba              AJ, Seldin              MM, Nicholas              DA.            Lipopolysaccharide-induced chronic inflammation increases female serum            gonadotropins and shifts the pituitary transcriptomic landscape.              <i>Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)<\/i>          2024; 14: 1279878.","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2023.1279878"},{"key":"66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"66.  Fitting              C, Dhawan              S, Cavaillon              JM.            Compartmentalization of tolerance to endotoxin.              <i>J Infect Dis<\/i>          2004; 189: 1295\u20131303.","DOI":"10.1086\/382657"},{"key":"67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"67.  Ford              SG, Caswell              P, Brough              D, Seoane              PI. The            secretion of interleukin-1\u03b2. <i>Cytokine Growth Factor              Rev<\/i>          2025; 84: 101\u2013113.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2025.05.005"},{"key":"68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"68.  Tsukamoto              H, Takeuchi              S, Kubota              K, Kobayashi              Y, Kozakai              S, Ukai              I, Shichiku              A, Okubo              M, Numasaki              M, Kanemitsu              Y, Matsumoto              Y, Nochi              T, Watanabe              K, Aso              H, Tomioka              Y.            Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-binding protein stimulates CD14-dependent            Toll-like receptor 4 internalization and LPS-induced TBK1-IKK\u03f5-IRF3 axis            activation. <i>J Biol Chem<\/i>          2018; 293:            10186\u201310201.","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M117.796631"},{"key":"69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"69.  Herbison              AE. Control of            puberty onset and fertility by gonadotropin-releasing hormone neurons.              <i>Nat Rev Endocrinol<\/i>          2016; 12: 452\u2013466.","DOI":"10.1038\/nrendo.2016.70"},{"key":"70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"70.  Makowski              KN, Kreisman              MJ, McCosh              RB, Raad              AA, Breen              KM. Peripheral            interleukin-1\u03b2 inhibits arcuate kiss1 cells and LH pulses in female          mice. <i>J Endocrinol<\/i>          2020; 246: 149\u2013160.","DOI":"10.1530\/JOE-20-0165"},{"key":"71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"71.  Herman              AP, Misztal              T,                Romanowicz              K,                Tomaszewska-Zaremba              D. Central            injection of exogenous IL-1\u03b2 in the control activities of hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal            axis in anestrous ewes. <i>Reprod Domest Anim<\/i>          2012; 47: 44\u201352.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439-0531.2011.01800.x"},{"key":"72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"72.  Lightman              SL, Birnie              MT,                Conway-Campbell              BL. Dynamics            of ACTH and cortisol secretion and implications for disease.              <i>Endocr Rev<\/i>          2020; 41: 470\u2013490.","DOI":"10.1210\/endrev\/bnaa002"},{"key":"73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"73.  Ciechanowska              M, \u0141apot              M, Malewski              T, Mateusiak              K, Misztal              T, Przekop              F. Effects of            corticotropin-releasing hormone and its antagonist on the gene expression of            gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) and GnRH receptor in the hypothalamus and            anterior pituitary gland of follicular phase ewes.              <i>Reprod Fertil Dev<\/i>          2011; 23: 780\u2013787.","DOI":"10.1071\/RD10341"},{"key":"74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"74.  Kumar              P, Schroder              EA, Rajaram              MVS, Harris              EN, Ganesan              LP. The battle            of LPS clearance in host defense vs. Inflammatory signaling.              <i>Cells<\/i>          2024; 13: 21.","DOI":"10.3390\/cells13181590"},{"key":"75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"75.  Guo              J, Friedman              SL. Toll-like            receptor 4 signaling in liver injury and hepatic fibrogenesis.              <i>Fibrogenesis Tissue Repair<\/i>          2010; 3: 21.","DOI":"10.1186\/1755-1536-3-21"},{"key":"76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"76.  Han              JH, Kwak              JY, Lee              SS, Kim              HG, Jeon              H, Cha              RR. Markedly            elevated aspartate aminotransferase from non-hepatic causes.              <i>J Clin Med<\/i>          2022; 12: 310.","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm12010310"},{"key":"77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"77.  Donnelly              KL, Smith              CI,                Schwarzenberg              SJ, Jessurun              J, Boldt              MD, Parks              EJ. Sources of            fatty acids stored in liver and secreted via lipoproteins in patients with nonalcoholic            fatty liver disease. <i>J Clin Invest<\/i>          2005; 115: 1343\u20131351.","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI23621"}],"container-title":["Journal of Reproduction and Development"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.jstage.jst.go.jp\/article\/jrd\/72\/5\/72_2026-010\/_pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,3]],"date-time":"2026-10-03T04:39:57Z","timestamp":1791002397000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.jstage.jst.go.jp\/article\/jrd\/72\/5\/72_2026-010\/_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"references-count":77,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1262\/jrd.2026-010","relation":{},"ISSN":["0916-8818","1348-4400"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0916-8818","type":"print"},{"value":"1348-4400","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"article-number":"2026-010"}}