{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,6]],"date-time":"2025-12-06T04:20:56Z","timestamp":1764994856475,"version":"3.46.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Japanese Society of Microbial Ecology","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Microb. Environ.","Microbes Environ.","Microbes and environments"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1264\/jsme2.me25016","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,2]],"date-time":"2025-12-02T22:07:04Z","timestamp":1764713224000},"page":"n\/a","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["&lt;i&gt;Legionella&lt;\/i&gt; Survives and Elongates in Algal Consortia Containing Bacteria in Alkaline Oligotrophic Conditions"],"prefix":"10.1264","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"Wakako","family":"Satou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Team II, Control &amp; Suppression Technology Department, Basic Technology R&amp;D Group, Innovation Division, Kurita Water Industries Ltd."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Naohiro","family":"Nagai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Team II, Control &amp; Suppression Technology Department, Basic Technology R&amp;D Group, Innovation Division, Kurita Water Industries Ltd."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Masashi","family":"Hatamoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nagaoka University of Technology"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"336","reference":[{"key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Amann, R.I., Binder, B.J., Olson, R.J., Chisholm, S.W., Devereux, R., and Stahl, D.A. (1990) Combination of 16S rRNA-targeted oligonucleotide probes with flow cytometry for analyzing mixed microbial populations. Appl Environ Microbiol          56: 1919\u20131925.","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.56.6.1919-1925.1990"},{"key":"2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Anand, C.M., Skinner, A.R., Malic, A., and Kurtz, J.B. (1983) Interaction of <i>L. pneumophilia<\/i> and a free living amoeba (<i>Acanthamoeba palestinensis<\/i>). J Hyg          91: 167\u2013178.","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022172400060174"},{"key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Barbaree, J.M., Fields, B.S., Feeley, J.C., Gorman, G.W., and Martin, W.T. (1986) Isolation of protozoa from water associated with a legionellosis outbreak and demonstration of intracellular multiplication of <i>Legionella pneumophila<\/i>. Appl Environ Microbiol          51: 422\u2013424.","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.51.2.422-424.1986"},{"key":"4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bathia, J., Schr\u00f6der, K., Fraune, S., Lachnit, T., Rosenstiel, P., and Bosch, TCG. (2022) Symbiotic algae of <i>Hydra viridissima<\/i> play a key role in maintaining homeostatic bacterial colonization. Front Microbiol          13: 869666.","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2022.869666"},{"key":"5","unstructured":"Blackmon, J.A., Hicklin, M.D., and Chandler, F.W. (1978) Legionnaires\u2019 disease. Pathological and historical aspects of a \u2018new\u2019 disease. Arch Pathol Lab Med          102: 337\u2013343."},{"key":"6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bohach, G.A., and Snyder, I.S. (1983a) Cyanobacterial stimulation of growth and oxygen uptake by <i>Legionella pneumophila<\/i>. Appl Environ Microbiol          46: 528\u2013531.","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.46.2.528-531.1983"},{"key":"7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bohach, G.A., and Snyder, I.S. (1983b) Characterization of surfaces involved in adherence of <i>Legionella pneumophila<\/i> to <i>Fischerella species<\/i>. Infect Immun          42: 318\u2013325.","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.42.1.318-325.1983"},{"key":"8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Caicedo, C., Rosenwinkel, K.H., and Nogueira, R. (2018) Temperature-driven growth of <i>Legionella<\/i> in lab-scale activated sludge systems and interaction with protozoa. Int J Hyg Environ Health          221: 315\u2013322.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2017.12.003"},{"key":"9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chamberlain, A.T., Lehnert, J.D., and Berkelman, R.L. (2017) The 2015 New York City Legionnaires\u2019 disease outbreak: A case study on a history-making outbreak. J Public Health Manag Pract          23: 410\u2013416.","DOI":"10.1097\/PHH.0000000000000558"},{"key":"10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Di Gregorio, L., Tandoi, V., Congestri, R., Rossetti, S., and Di Pippo, F. (2017) Unravelling the core microbiome of biofilms in cooling tower systems. Biofouling          33: 793\u2013806.","DOI":"10.1080\/08927014.2017.1367386"},{"key":"11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dietersdorfer, E., Kirschner, A., Schrammel, B., Ohradanova-Repic, A., Stockinger, H., Sommer, R., et al. (2018) Starved viable but non-culturable (VBNC) <i>Legionella strains<\/i> can infect and replicate in amoebae and human macrophages. Water Res          15: 428\u2013438.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2018.01.058"},{"key":"12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fraser, D.W., Tsai, T.R., Orenstein, W., Parkin, W.E., Beecham, H.J., Sharrar, R.G., et al. (1977) Legionnaires\u2019 disease: description of an epidemic of pneumonia. N Engl J Med          297: 1189\u20131197.","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM197712012972201"},{"key":"13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Grimm, D., Merkert, H., Ludwig, W., Schleifer, K.H., Hacker, J., and Brand, B.C. (1998) Specific detection of <i>Legionella pneumophila<\/i>: Construction of a new 16S rRNA-targeted oligonucleotide probe. Appl Environ Microbiol          64: 2686\u20132690.","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.64.7.2686-2690.1998"},{"key":"14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Hwang, M.G., Katayama, H., and Ohgaki, S. (2006) Intercellular survivability of <i>Legionella pneumophila<\/i> in VBNC State against silver and copper exposure. Environmental Engineering Research          43: 237\u2013243.","DOI":"10.11532\/proes1992.43.237"},{"key":"15","unstructured":"Joseph, C., van Wijngaarden, J., Mshar, P., Oravetz, C., Fix, A.M., Genese, C.A., et al. (2005) Cruise-ship-associated Legionnaires disease, November 2003\u2013May 2004. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep          54: 1153\u20131155."},{"key":"16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Koide, M., Miyata, T., Nukina, M., Teramoto, T., Nakanishi, H., Kamiki, T., et al. (1989) A strain of Pseudomonas vesicularis isolated from shower hose which supports the multiplication of Legionella. Kansenshogaku Zasshi          63: 1160\u20131164.","DOI":"10.11150\/kansenshogakuzasshi1970.63.1160"},{"key":"17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Li, L., Mendis, N., Trigui, H., and Faucher, S.P. (2015) Transcriptomic changes of <i>Legionella pneumophila<\/i> in water. BMC Genomics          16: 637.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12864-015-1869-6"},{"key":"18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mahoney, F.J., Hoge, C.W., Farley, T.A., Barbaree, J.M., Breiman, R.F., Benson, R.F., and McFarland, L.M. (1992) Communitywide outbreak of Legionnaires\u2019 disease associated with a grocery store mist machine. J Infect Dis          165: 736\u2013739.","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/165.4.xxxx"},{"key":"19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Manz, W., Amann, R., Szewzyk, R., Szewzyk, U., Stenstr\u00f6m, T.A., Hutzler, P., and Schleifer, K.H. (1995) <i>In situ<\/i> identification of <i>Legionellaceae<\/i> using 16S rRNA-targeted oligonucleotide probes and confocal laser scanning microscopy. Microbiology          141: 29\u201339.","DOI":"10.1099\/00221287-141-1-29"},{"key":"20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mendis, N., McBride, P., and Faucher, S.P. (2015) Short-term and long-term survival and virulence of <i>Legionella pneumophila<\/i> in the defined freshwater medium Fraquil. PLoS One          10: e0139277.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0139277"},{"key":"21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Miyamoto, H., Yamamoto, H., Arima, K., Fujii, J., Maruta, K., Izu, K., et al. (1997) Development of a new seminested PCR method for detection of <i>Legionella species<\/i> and its application to surveillance of <i>legionellae<\/i> in hospital cooling tower water. Appl Environ Microbiol          63: 2489\u20132494.","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.63.7.2489-2494.1997"},{"key":"22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nakayama, T., Watanabe, S., and Inouye, I. (1996) Phylogeny of wall-less green flagellates inferred from 18SrDNA sequence data. Phycol Res          44: 151\u2013161.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1835.1996.tb00044.x"},{"key":"23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Oliva, G., Sahr, T., and Buchrieser, C. (2018) The life cycle of <i>L. pneumophila<\/i>: Cellular differentiation is linked to virulence and metabolism. Front Cell Infect Microbiol          8: 3.","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2018.00003"},{"key":"24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Paszko-Kolva, C., Shahamat, M., and Colwell, R.R. (1992) Long-term survival of <i>Legionella pneumophila<\/i> serogroup 1 under low-nutrient conditions and associated morphological changes. FEMS Microbiol Ecol          11: 45\u201355.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-6968.1992.tb05794.x"},{"key":"25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Piao, Z., Sze, C.C., Barysheva, O., Iida, K., and Yoshida, S. (2006) Temperature-regulated formation of mycelial mat-like biofilms by <i>Legionella pneumophila<\/i>. Appl Environ Microbiol          72: 1613\u20131622.","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.72.2.1613-1622.2006"},{"key":"26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pope, D.H., Soracco, R.J., Gill, H.K., and Fliermans, C.B. (1982) Growth of <i>Legionella pneumophila<\/i> in two-membered cultures with green algae and <i>cyanobacteria<\/i>. Curr Microbiol          7: 319\u2013321.","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01566871"},{"key":"27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Porra, R.J., Thompson, W.A., and Kriedemann, P.E. (1989) Determination of accurate extinction coefficients and simultaneous equations for assaying chlo\u00adrophylls a and b extracted with four different solvents: verification of the concentration of chlo\u00adrophyll standards by atomic absorption spectroscopy. Biochim Biophys Acta, Bioenerg          975: 384\u2013394.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0005-2728(89)80347-0"},{"key":"28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Prashar, A., Bhatia, S., Tabatabaeiyazdi, Z., Duncan, C., Gardu\u00f1o, R.A., Tang, P., et al. (2012) Mechanism of invasion of lung epithelial cells by filamentous <i>Legionella pneumophila<\/i>. Cell Microbiol          14: 1632\u20131655.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1462-5822.2012.01828.x"},{"key":"29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Prashar, A., Ortiz, M.E., Lucarelli, S., Barker, E., Tabatabeiyazdi, Z., Shamoun, F., et al. (2018) Small Rho GTPases and the effector VipA mediate the invasion of epithelial cells by filamentous <i>Legionella pneumophila<\/i>. Front Cell Infect Microbiol          8: 133.","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2018.00133"},{"key":"30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rasch, J., Kr\u00fcger, S., Fontvieille, D., \u00dcnal, C.M., Michel, R., Labrosse, A., and Steinert, M. (2016) <i>Legionella<\/i>-protozoa-nematode interactions in aquatic biofilms and influence of Mip on Caenorhabditis elegans colonization. Int J Med Microbiol          306: 443\u2013451.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijmm.2016.05.012"},{"key":"31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rowbotham, T.J. (1980) Preliminary report on the pathogenicity of <i>Legionella pneumophila<\/i> for freshwater and soil amoebae. J Clin Pathol          33: 1179\u20131183.","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.33.12.1179"},{"key":"32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Scheikl, U., Tsao, H.F., Horn, M., Indra, A., and Walochnik, J. (2016) Free-living amoebae and their associated bacteria in Austrian cooling towers: a 1-year routine screening. Parasitol Res          115: 3365\u20133374.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-016-5097-z"},{"key":"33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Silva, A.R., Melo, L.F., Keevil, C.W., and Pereira, A. (2024) <i>Legionella<\/i> colonization and 3D spatial location within a <i>Pseudomonas<\/i> biofilm. Sci Rep          14: 16781.","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-67712-4"},{"key":"34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Stewart, C.R., Muthye, V., and Cianciotto, N.P. (2012) <i>Legionella<\/i> pneumophila persists within biofilms formed by Klebsiella pneumoniae, Flavobacterium sp., and Pseudomonas fluorescens under dynamic flow conditions. PLoS One          7: e50560.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0050560"},{"key":"35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Taylor, M., Ross, K., and Bentham, R. (2013) Spatial arrangement of <i>Legionella<\/i> colonies in intact biofilms from a model cooling water system. Microbiol Insights          6: 49\u201357.","DOI":"10.4137\/MBI.S12196"},{"key":"36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Temmerman, R., Vervaeren, H., Noseda, B., Boon, N., and Verstraete, W. (2006) Necrotrophic growth of <i>Legionella pneumophila<\/i>. Appl Environ Microbiol          72: 4323\u20134328.","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.00070-06"},{"key":"37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tison, D.L., Pope, D.H., Cherry, W.B., and Fliermans, C.B. (1980) Growth of <i>Legionella pneumophila<\/i> in association with blue-green algae (<i>cyanobacteria<\/i>). Appl Environ Microbiol          39: 456\u2013459.","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.39.2.456-459.1980"},{"key":"38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Vogel, J.P., Andrews, H.L., Wong, S.K., and Isberg, R.R. (1998) Conjugative transfer by the virulence system of <i>Legionella pneumophila<\/i>. Science          279: 873\u2013876.","DOI":"10.1126\/science.279.5352.873"},{"key":"39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wadowsy, M.R., and Yee, B.R. (1983) Satellite growth of <i>Legionella pneumophila<\/i> with an environmental isolate of <i>Flavobacterium breve<\/i>. Appl Environ Microbiol          46: 1447\u20131449.","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.46.6.1447-1449.1983"},{"key":"40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Whiley, H., and Bentham, R. (2011) <i>Legionella longbeachae<\/i> and legionellosis. Emerg Infect Dis          17: 579\u2013583.","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1704.100446"},{"key":"41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yamaguchi, T., Fuchs, B.M., Amann, R., Kawakami, S., Kubota, K., Hatamoto, M., and Yamaguchi, T. (2015) Rapid and sensitive identification of marine bacteria by an improved <i>in situ<\/i> DNA hybridization chain reaction (quick HCR-FISH). Syst Appl Microbiol          38: 400\u2013405.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.syapm.2015.06.007"},{"key":"42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zeybek, Z., Gungor Dogruoz, N., and Turetgen, I. (2017) Investigation of heterotrophic bacteria, <i>Legionella<\/i> and free\u2014living amoeba in cooling tower samples by FISH and culture methods. Eur J Biol          76: 7\u201313.","DOI":"10.5152\/EurJBiol.2017.1702"}],"container-title":["Microbes and Environments"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.jstage.jst.go.jp\/article\/jsme2\/40\/4\/40_ME25016\/_pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,6]],"date-time":"2025-12-06T03:15:53Z","timestamp":1764990953000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.jstage.jst.go.jp\/article\/jsme2\/40\/4\/40_ME25016\/_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"references-count":42,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1264\/jsme2.me25016","relation":{},"ISSN":["1342-6311","1347-4405"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1342-6311"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1347-4405"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"article-number":"ME25016"}}