{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,9]],"date-time":"2026-05-09T06:14:04Z","timestamp":1778307244263,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pak J Med Sci"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Objective: To observe presentation of Pediatric congenital cardiac defects to the Emergency Department (ED) of a tertiary care hospital in Pakistan.\r\nMethods: This is a retrospective chart review of patients under the age of 16 years with congenital cardiac defects presenting to the Emergency Department of Aga Khan University Hospital over a period of eighteen months, from January 2012 to June 2013. Study population was divided into two groups; first group constituted children with undiagnosed congenital cardiac defects, whereas second group constituted children with diagnosed congenial cardiac defects presented to ED. In\u00a0previously diagnose cases each visit was counted as a separate encounter.\r\nResults: Out of 133 children, 44 (33.5%) were diagnosed congenital cardiac disease for the first time (Group-1) in ED, while 89 (66.5%) children were diagnosed cases of congenital heart disease (Group-2). Among Group-1; main reasons for ED visits were cyanosis, cardiac failure, murmur evaluation and cardiogenic shock where as in Group-2; main presentations were cardiac failure, hyper cyanotic spells, gastroenteritis, lower respiratory tract infection, and post-operative issues. There were total 13 deaths.\r\nConclusion: High index of suspicion is necessary for early diagnosis and management of children with congenital heart disease in the pediatric emergency department.\r\ndoi: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.12669\/pjms.36.3.1592\r\nHow to cite this:Bano S, Akhtar S, Khan U. Pediatric congenital heart diseases: Patterns of presentation to the emergency department of a tertiary care hospital. Pak J Med Sci. 2020;36(3):333-337. doi: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.12669\/pjms.36.3.1592\r\nThis is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.12669\/pjms.36.3.1592","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,15]],"date-time":"2020-02-15T06:26:18Z","timestamp":1581747978000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Pediatric congenital heart diseases: Patterns of presentation to the emergency department of a tertiary care hospital"],"prefix":"10.12669","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"Surraiya","family":"Bano","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Saleem","family":"Akhtar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Uzma Rahim","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"4935","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,3]]},"container-title":["Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/pjms.org.pk\/index.php\/pjms\/article\/download\/1592\/450","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pjms.org.pk\/index.php\/pjms\/article\/download\/1592\/450","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,9]],"date-time":"2026-05-09T05:54:17Z","timestamp":1778306057000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pjms.org.pk\/index.php\/pjms\/article\/view\/1592"}},"subtitle":["Pediatric congenital heart diseases"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,3]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,12]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.12669\/pjms.36.3.1592","relation":{},"ISSN":["1681-715X","1682-024X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1681-715X","type":"electronic"},{"value":"1682-024X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,3]]}}}