{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,9]],"date-time":"2026-05-09T08:13:36Z","timestamp":1778314416129,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences","issue":"7","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pak J Med Sci"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Objectives: Vaccinations work with different mechanisms to offer protection against disease; however, process of immunity building can cause symptoms. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the immediate side effects of COVID\u201319 vaccination in the Pakistani Population.\r\nMethods: This cross-sectional analytical study was conducted at Foundation University College of Dentistry, Islamabad from February to April 2021. 0.5 mL per dose of the Covid-19 vaccine was administered to the candidates. These 205 candidates receiving vaccination were then interviewed investigating the adverse effects of the vaccine. Post-vaccination side effects were compared among categorical groups using the Chi-Square test, whereas post-vaccination side effects were compared with age using independent samples T-test. A p-value of \u22640.05 was statistically significant.\r\nResults: Among post-vaccination side effects, fever was reported by 69 participants, while 56 of 205 reported soreness, redness, and swelling at the injection site. It was reported by 42\/205 participants to have felt chills and rigor, whereas gastrointestinal disturbance and flu-like symptoms were reported in 55\/205 and 28\/205 participants, respectively. Younger participants were more likely to develop gastrointestinal disturbance and flu-like symptoms following vaccination as compared to older participants.\r\nConclusion: Malaise, headache, and fever were observed to be the most common side effects of the vaccine, moreover there was a linear relationship between manifestations of adverse effects and history of comorbidities.\r\ndoi: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.12669\/pjms.37.7.4522\r\nHow to cite this:Abbas S, Abbas B, Amir S, Wajahat M. Evaluation of adverse effects with COVID-19 vaccination in Pakistan. Pak J Med Sci. 2021;37(7):1959-1964.\u00a0 \u00a0doi: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.12669\/pjms.37.7.4522\r\nThis is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.12669\/pjms.37.7.4522","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,10]],"date-time":"2021-09-10T07:47:58Z","timestamp":1631260078000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Evaluation of adverse effects with\u00a0COVID-19 vaccination in Pakistan"],"prefix":"10.12669","volume":"37","author":[{"given":"Dr Sana","family":"Abbas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Beenish","family":"Abbas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sidra","family":"Amir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mehreen","family":"Wajahat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"4935","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,6]]},"container-title":["Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/pjms.org.pk\/index.php\/pjms\/article\/download\/4522\/1087","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pjms.org.pk\/index.php\/pjms\/article\/download\/4522\/1087","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,9]],"date-time":"2026-05-09T08:02:28Z","timestamp":1778313748000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pjms.org.pk\/index.php\/pjms\/article\/view\/4522"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,6]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,6]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.12669\/pjms.37.7.4522","relation":{},"ISSN":["1681-715X","1682-024X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1681-715X","type":"electronic"},{"value":"1682-024X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,6]]}}}